1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The characterization of immune cells in Asm-overexpressed mice
No full textLysosomal enzyme acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) is known for regulating cellular ceramide, by converting sphingomyelin (SM) into ceramide. Mutations in SMPD1, the ASM encoding gene, cause Niemann-Pick disease with the symptoms of progressive hepatosplenomegaly, pulmonary defects, heart and brain disease. The alternation of Asm activity results in abnormal level of ceramide, and is involved in cancer, neuro-degeneration, cardiovascular diseases, apoptosis, and cystic fibrosis. There are a few studies demonstrating the relation of Asm with immune cells, however, its role is yet to be confirmed.
The tAsm mouse model is a Smpd1 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1) transgen-ic mouse line, in which Asm is overexpressed. Using this mouse model the direct re-lation in between Asm and immune system could be studied. Leucocytes are the ma-jor cell type in the immune system. These cells include lymphocytes, monocytes and neutrophils. They develop in the bone marrow and thymus and migrate to different lymphoid organs for their functions once mature. The present study focuses on the characterization of tAsm mice on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages in the lymphoid organs spleen, lymph node and thymus.
The migration, innate and adaptive response were examined. Asm overexpression did not seem to have effect on T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages without immunization, because there was no obvious change in populations and lo-calization. Interestingly, B cells and dendritic cells were seen closely related to ceramide-expressing cells. The current study confirmed that the tAsm mouse model provide a useful platform for immunological researches, since it showed baseline close to the wildtype (WT) healthy mice. Our findings also revealed the potential roles of B cells and dendritic cells in Asm overexpression.
Das lysosomale Enzym saure Sphingomyelinase (Asm) reguliert zelluläre Ceramidspiegel, in dem es Sphingomyelin zu Ceramid hydrolysiert. Mutationen im Smpd1-Gen, welches die Asm kodiert, führen zur Niemann-Pick-Typ A bzw. B Erkrankung, deren Symptome neben einer progressiven Hepatosplenomegalie Beeinträchtigungen von Lungen-, Herz- und Hirnfunktionen umfassen. Änderungen der Asm-Aktivität und damit einhergehende veränderte
Ceramidlevel, spielen bei diversen Krankheitsbildern eine Rolle. Diese umfassen unter anderem die Mukoviszidose, neurodegenerative Syndrome sowie Tumor- und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen. Es gibt Studien, die darauf hinweisen, dass die Asm auch in Immunzellen von Bedeutung ist, die konkreten Implikationen müssen jedoch noch aufgezeigt werden.
Als Mausmodell für die Asm-Überexpression dient ein für Smpd1 transgener Mausstamm (tAsm). Anhand dieses Modells wurde die Bedeutung der Asm für das Immunsystem untersucht. Die zellulären Bestandteile des Immunsystems werden als Leukozyten, weiße Blutzellen, bezeichnet. Zu diesen zählen unter anderem Lymphozyten, Monozyten und Neutrophile. Ihre Entwicklung findet im Knochenmark und dem Thymus statt. Nach ihrer Reifung wandern sie in die verschiedenen lymphatischen Organe aus, um ihre jeweiligen Funktionen zu erfüllen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Charakterisierung der lymphatischen Organe des tAsm Mausmodells, mit Fokus auf Makrophagen, T- und B-Zellen in der Milz, den Lymphknoten und dem Thymus. Hierfür wurden die Migration, sowie angeborene wie adaptive Immunantworten untersucht. Allein die Überexpression der Asm hat keinen Effekt auf die untersuchten Zelltypen, wenn man Änderungen der Populationsgröße oder die Lokalisierung der Immunzellen betrachtet. Interessanterweise wurden B-Zellen und dendritische Zellen in räumlicher Nähe zu ceramidreichen Zellen beobachtet.
Mit dieser Arbeit konnte bestätigt werden, dass das tAsm Mausmodell ein geeignetes Mittel zur Untersuchung des Immunsystems ist. Die transgenen Mäuse sind im Grundzustand gesunden Wildtyp-Mäusen sehr ähnlich und zeigen keine inhärenten Aberrationen von Immunzellen. Außerdem konnte gezeigt werden, dass B-Zellen und dendritische Zellen interessante Ziele für weiterführenden Studien sein können
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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