143 research outputs found
Perazzo 3-folds and the weak Lefschetz property
No full textWe deal with Perazzo 3-folds in P4, i.e. hypersurfaces X = V(f) subset of P4 of degree d defined by a homogeneous polynomial f(x0, x1, x2, u, v) = p0(u, v)x0 +p1(u, v)x1 + p2(u, v)x2 + g(u, v), where p0, p1, p2 are algebraically dependent but linearly independent forms of degree d - 1 in u, v, and g is a form in u, v of degree d. Perazzo 3-folds have vanishing hessian and, hence, the associated graded Artinian Gorenstein algebra Af fails the strong Lefschetz Property. In this paper, we determine the maximum and minimum Hilbert function of Af and we prove that if Af has maximal Hilbert function it fails the weak Lefschetz Property while it satisfies the weak Lefschetz Property when it has minimum Hilbert function. In addition, we classify all Perazzo 3-folds in P4 such that Af has minimum Hilbert function.(c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons .org /licenses /by -nc -nd /4 .0/)
The therapeutic landscape of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
No full textNon-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by lobular inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning, and may be associated with liver fibrosis leading to cirrhosis and its complications. A pharmacological approach is necessary to treat NASH because of failure to change dietary habits and lifestyle in most patients. Insulin resistance with an increased release of free fatty acids, oxidative stress and activation of inflammatory cytokines seem to be key features for disease progression. Thiazolidinediones, such as pioglitazone and antioxidant agents, such as vitamin E, were the first pharmacological options to be evaluated for NASH. In recent years, several new molecules that target different pathways related to NASH pathogenesis, such as liver metabolic homeostasis, inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis, have been developed. Obeticholic acid (INT-474) and elafibranor (GFT-505) have provided promising results in phase IIb, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials and they are being evaluated in ongoing phase III studies. Most of the potential treatments for NASH are under investigation in phase II studies, with some at phase I. This diversity in possible treatments calls for a better understanding of NASH in order to enrich trial populations with patients more susceptible to progress and to respond. This manuscript aims to review the pharmacological NASH treatment landscape. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
The Interactions of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiovascular Diseases
No full textA complex interaction among metabolic factors, adipose tissue lipolysis, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance results in a deleterious process that may link nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with severe cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Patients with NAFLD are at higher risk of atherosclerosis, new onset of CV events, and overall mortality. The strong association between NAFLD and CV disease should affect clinical practice, with screening and surveillance of patients with NAFLD. This review discusses the data linking these major diseases
COVID-19: an overview of worldwide recommendations for management of patients with liver diseases or liver transplantation (preprint)
No full textAuthors' contributions: Hugo Perazzo: study concept and design, study supervision, data collection, interpretation of data, statistical analysis, drafting and critical revision of the manuscript. Juliana Piedade: data collection, interpretation of data and drafting and critical revision of the manuscript; Rodolfo Castro: study concept and design, data collection, analysis and interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript;
Laura Pinto: data collection, interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript; Valdilea G Veloso: interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript; Beatriz Grinsztejn: interpretation of data and critical revision of the manuscript, Gustavo Pereira: study supervision, data collection, interpretation of data,
statistical analysis, drafting and critical revision of the manuscript; Flavia F Fernandes: study supervision, data collection, interpretation of data, statistical analysis, drafting and critical revision of the manuscript.This work was supported by funding from INI-FIOCRUZ [Programa de Incentivo à Jovens Pesquisadores for HP grant number INI-003-FIO-19-2-5] and from University Estacio de Sa (UNESA) [Programa Pesquisa e Produtividade for GP]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish or preparation of the manuscript.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Instituto de Saúde Coletiva. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso. Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Hepatologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso. Serviço de Gastroenterologia & Hepatologia. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
Association between sense of coherence, oral health behaviors and gingivitis in elementary school students from Estância Velha, RS : cross-sectional study
No full textO senso de coerência (SOC) tem sido sugerido como um conceito aplicável em saúde pública, pois afirma-se que um SOC forte diminui as consequências das situações estressantes e suas implicações nos comportamentos de saúde geral e bucal, diminuindo a probabilidade do desenvolvimento de doenças que tem o comportamento como um dos determinantes. A gengivite é uma doença inflamatória com determinante comportamental. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre SOC, gengivite e comportamentos em saúde bucal de escolares. Esse estudo faz parte de um projeto maior que investigou a associação entre a prevalência de problemas de saúde em crianças e adolescentes que frequentam a escola (2º ao 9º ano). O estudou contou com uma amostra de xx crianças e adolescentes, com idade entre 7 e 17 anos, de Estância Velha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os participantes obtiveram autorização prévia dos pais, que responderam questionários abrangendo variáveis sociodemográficas e a escala SOC13. Nos escolares, foram realizados exames bucais. A amostra foi dividida em três grupos de acordo com o escore SOC: SOC = fraco (24-44); SOC = moderado (44- 49); SOC 3 = forte (49-61). Análises bivariada e por regressão logística apropriadas foram para avaliar a associação entre os resultados de gengivite e variáveis comportamentais, sociodemográficas e SOC. A prevalência de gengivite foi de 68%, desses, um terço (33%) utilizavam fio dental e 13% nunca tinham consultado com um dentista. A pontuação média do SOC - 13 dos responsáveis foi de 46, variando o escore entre 24 e 61. As variáveis sexo e idade da criança/adolescente, escolaridade do chefe de família e renda familiar não estiveram estatisticamente associadas à gengivite. Assim como as variáveis de comportamento: frequência de higiene bucal, uso de escova dental, uso de pasta dental, uso de fio dental e ida ao dentista. De outro modo, o escore do SOC obteve associação estatisticamente significativa (p = 0,01) com gengivite. No modelo inicial de análise por regressão logística, a associação entre o escore SOC e gengivite não se manteve (p-valor = 0,32). Os achados do presente estudo sugerem associação entre SOC e gengivite. O meio pelo qual a associação acontece precisa ser analisado através de outros modelos. Estudos longitudinais e de intervenção são necessários para colaborar com os achados presentes na literatura.Sense of coherence (SOC) has been suggested as an applicable concept in public health, as it is claimed that a strong SOC decreases the consequences of stressful situations and their implications on general and oral health behaviors, decreasing the likelihood of developing diseases that have behavior as one of the determinants. Gingivitis is an inflammatory disease with a behavioral determinant. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the association between SOC, gingivitis, and oral health behaviors in school children. This study is part of a larger project that investigated the association between the prevalence of health problems in children and adolescents attending school (2nd to 9th grade). The study had a sample of xx children and adolescents, aged 7 to 17 years, from Estância Velha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The participants had prior authorization from their parents, who answered questionnaires covering sociodemographic variables and the SOC-13 scale. Oral examinations were performed on the students. The sample was divided into three groups according to SOC score: SOC = weak (24-44); SOC = moderate (44-49); SOC 3 = strong (49-61). Appropriate bivariate and logistic regression analyses were to assess the association between gingivitis scores and behavioral, sociodemographic, and SOC variables. The prevalence of gingivitis was 68%, of these, one-third (33%) were flossers and 13% had never seen a dentist. The mean SOC - 13 score of the caregivers was 46, ranging from 24 to 61. The variables gender and age of the child/adolescent, education of the head of household and family income were not statistically associated with gingivitis. So were the behavioral variables: frequency of oral hygiene, toothbrush use, toothpaste use, dental floss use, and visits to the dentist. Otherwise, the SOC score had a statistically significant association (p = 0.01) with gingivitis. In the initial logistic regression analysis model, the association between SOC score and gingivitis was not maintained (p-value = 0.32). The findings of the present study suggest an association between SOC and gingivitis. The means by which the association occurs needs to be analyzed through other models. Longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to contribute to the findings in the literature
Pharmacological Potential of the Endogenous Dipeptide Kyotorphin and Selected Derivatives
No full textCopyright © 2017 Perazzo, Castanho and Sá Santos. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.The endogenous peptide kyotorphin (KTP) has been extensively studied since it was discovered in 1979. The dipeptide is distributed unevenly over the brain but the majority is concentrated in the cerebral cortex. The putative KTP receptor has not been identified yet. As many other neuropeptides, KTP clearance is mediated by extracellular peptidases and peptide transporters. From the wide spectrum of biological activity of KTP, analgesia was by far the most studied. The mechanism of action is still unclear, but researchers agree that KTP induces Met-enkephalins release. More recently, KTP was proposed as biomarker of Alzheimer disease. Despite all that, KTP limited pharmacological value prompted researchers to develop derivatives more lipophilic and therefore more prone to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and also more resistant to enzymatic degradation. Conjugation of KTP with functional molecules, such as ibuprofen, generated a new class of compounds with additional biological properties. Moreover, the safety profile of these derivatives compared to opioids and their efficacy as neuroprotective agents greatly increases their pharmacological value.Funding was provided by the Portuguese Agency Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (SFRH/BPD/79542/2011 fellowship to SS and SFRH/BD/52225/2013 fellowship to JP), and by Marie Skłodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE): call H2020-MSCA-RISE-2014, Grant agreement 644167, 2015-2019.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Governo eletrônico e inclusão digital: uma análise sobre o perfil de uso do cidadão
No full textNo abstract.Do ponto de vista teórico e prático, o tema de governo eletrônico (egov) é importante para a
gestão pública. Todavia, em particular, ainda é preciso avançar sobre o entendimento sobre
exclusão digital e sua relação com a utilização da Internet, incluindo, dentre outros fatores,
aspectos sociodemográficos, uso do telefone celular, habilidades com computador e interação
com o governo eletrônico. Para investigar esse fenômeno, esse estudo se utilizou de uma
abordagem metodológica quantitativa de natureza exploratória-descritiva, incluindo medidas
de correlação e modelo de regressão linear e logística, baseados nos microdados da pesquisa
TIC Domicílios de 2019. O desenho de pesquisa focou na importância dos aspectos
sociodemográficos sobre a decisão de uso de serviços de governo eletrônico pelos cidadãos e
as consequências da exclusão digital na sociedade brasileira. Os resultados indicaram que há
influência significativa de fatores como idade, renda, condição de atividade, área, classe social,
grau de instrução, tipo de dispositivo de acesso, bem como a capacidade e habilidade do usuário
em utilizar as tecnologias, sobre a probabilidade de uso de serviços de egov. A pesquisa
contribui para o amplo entendimento dos fatores que impactam a demanda de egov e se dispõe
a ampliar as discussões entre gestores públicos sobre a implementação dos serviços de egov.
Ademais, possibilita entender as consequências da exclusão digital na sociedade brasileira, e
assim pensar políticas públicas de inclusão digital para promover a igualdade, a cidadania e
potencializar a democracia
Marqueurs non-invasifs de stéatose et fibrose hépatique
No full textSeveral non-invasive methods have been proposed to replace liver biopsy. Transient elastography and FibroTest are the most widely used and best validated non-invasive methods to assess liver fibrosis. Subjects with metabolic disorders such as type-2 diabetes or dyslipidemia, have a high risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Evidence was previously provided to indicate that NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. The aims of this thesis were. 1) to evaluate the main limitations of non-invasive methods to assess liver fibrosis. 2) to evaluate the prognostic value of liver biomarkers, such as FibroTest and SteatoTest, in patients with type-2 diabetes and/or dyslipidemia. We demonstrated a marked interobserver variability of transient elastography between two experienced operators in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatic steatosis, estimated by SteatoTest, was identified as an independent factor associated with an overestimation of liver fibrosis by transient elastography in patients with type-2 diabetes. We could also show the variability of the APRI test, based on the expression of aspartate aminotransferase relative to the upper limit of normal and the risk of overestimating fibrosis stage by this test due to necro-inflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis C. We reported that FibroTest and SteatoTest had a 10-year prognostic value for prediction of overall mortality independently of metabolic factors in patients at high risk of NAFLD. FibroTest was also predictive of liver-related death and incidence of cardiovascular events. In addition, SteatoTest had a prognostic value for cardiovascular-related death.Les méthodes non invasives d'évaluation des lésions tissulaires hépatiques les plus utilisées et les mieux validées sont l'élastométrie et le FibroTest. La stéatopathie non-alcoolique (NAFLD) est devenue la forme la plus fréquente de maladie hépatique. Différentes études suggèrent que la NAFLD est associée à un risque accru de mortalité, en particulier d'origine cardiovasculaire. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient 1) de mieux définir certaines limites des méthodes non invasives d'évaluation de la fibrose hépatique; 2) d'évaluer la valeur pronostique du FibroTest et d'un biomarqueur de stéatose, le SteatoTest chez les patients ayant un diabète et/ou une dyslipidémie. Le travail réalisé a permis de montrer une variabilité interobservateur notable de l'élastométrie entre deux opérateurs expérimentés dans l'hépatite chronique virale C. La stéatose du foie, estimée par le SteatoTest, a été identifiée comme un facteur indépendant associé à la surestimation de la fibrose du foie par l'élastométrie chez les sujets ayant un diabète de type 2. Nous avons également mis en évidence une variabilité du test APRI et l'impact de l'activité nécrotico-inflammatoire sur ce test dont la formule comprend l'aspartate transaminase exprimée en multiple de la normale dans l'hépatite chronique virale C. Chez des patients à haut risque de NAFLD, nous avons pu démontrer la valeur pronostique à 10 ans du FibroTest et du SteatoTest, pour prédire la mortalité globale indépendamment des facteurs métaboliques. Le FibroTest était également prédictif de la mortalité d'origine hépatique et de l'incidence des complications cardiovasculaires et le SteatoTest de la mortalité d'origine cardiovasculair
Marqueurs non-invasifs de stéatose et fibrose hépatique
No full textSeveral non-invasive methods have been proposed to replace liver biopsy. Transient elastography and FibroTest are the most widely used and best validated non-invasive methods to assess liver fibrosis. Subjects with metabolic disorders such as type-2 diabetes or dyslipidemia, have a high risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Evidence was previously provided to indicate that NAFLD is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and overall mortality. The aims of this thesis were. 1) to evaluate the main limitations of non-invasive methods to assess liver fibrosis. 2) to evaluate the prognostic value of liver biomarkers, such as FibroTest and SteatoTest, in patients with type-2 diabetes and/or dyslipidemia. We demonstrated a marked interobserver variability of transient elastography between two experienced operators in chronic hepatitis C. Hepatic steatosis, estimated by SteatoTest, was identified as an independent factor associated with an overestimation of liver fibrosis by transient elastography in patients with type-2 diabetes. We could also show the variability of the APRI test, based on the expression of aspartate aminotransferase relative to the upper limit of normal and the risk of overestimating fibrosis stage by this test due to necro-inflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis C. We reported that FibroTest and SteatoTest had a 10-year prognostic value for prediction of overall mortality independently of metabolic factors in patients at high risk of NAFLD. FibroTest was also predictive of liver-related death and incidence of cardiovascular events. In addition, SteatoTest had a prognostic value for cardiovascular-related death.Les méthodes non invasives d'évaluation des lésions tissulaires hépatiques les plus utilisées et les mieux validées sont l'élastométrie et le FibroTest. La stéatopathie non-alcoolique (NAFLD) est devenue la forme la plus fréquente de maladie hépatique. Différentes études suggèrent que la NAFLD est associée à un risque accru de mortalité, en particulier d'origine cardiovasculaire. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient 1) de mieux définir certaines limites des méthodes non invasives d'évaluation de la fibrose hépatique; 2) d'évaluer la valeur pronostique du FibroTest et d'un biomarqueur de stéatose, le SteatoTest chez les patients ayant un diabète et/ou une dyslipidémie. Le travail réalisé a permis de montrer une variabilité interobservateur notable de l'élastométrie entre deux opérateurs expérimentés dans l'hépatite chronique virale C. La stéatose du foie, estimée par le SteatoTest, a été identifiée comme un facteur indépendant associé à la surestimation de la fibrose du foie par l'élastométrie chez les sujets ayant un diabète de type 2. Nous avons également mis en évidence une variabilité du test APRI et l'impact de l'activité nécrotico-inflammatoire sur ce test dont la formule comprend l'aspartate transaminase exprimée en multiple de la normale dans l'hépatite chronique virale C. Chez des patients à haut risque de NAFLD, nous avons pu démontrer la valeur pronostique à 10 ans du FibroTest et du SteatoTest, pour prédire la mortalité globale indépendamment des facteurs métaboliques. Le FibroTest était également prédictif de la mortalité d'origine hépatique et de l'incidence des complications cardiovasculaires et le SteatoTest de la mortalité d'origine cardiovasculair
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