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Public Health Rep
Get PDFIn a previous statewide assessment in Ohio of the percentage reporting of Down's syndrome (DS) on birth certificates, it was found that 33.9 percent of the cases chromosomally analyzed were so recorded. The objectives of this study were to gain a greater understanding of the basis of this low reporting percentage by concentrating on Hamilton County births only, to compare these percentages among hospitals in the county, and to determine the commonality of their causes. Since it was anticipated that both a thorough search of hospital records and access to chromosome analysis records would provide essentially complete ascertainment of DS births in the county during 1970-78, the data were also used to test the validity of chromosome analysis as a sampling procedure in estimating the total number of DS births by means of the Lincoln-Peterson capturerecapture method.The percentage of reporting of DS on the birth certificates by hospital ranged from 0.0 to 57.1, with a mean of 26.0 for the 6 hospitals within the county. Although variation among some hospitals was statistically significant, three of the six hospitals had zero percent reporting. The explanation for these low reporting percentages was fundamentally similar for all hospitals-a communications flow problem, produced by poor timing and use of the wrong sources of available information. The only data typically available to the birth certificate clerk were derived from the labor and delivery sheet, the form with the worst reporting percentage of DS of any in the medical record. On the other hand, by the time of discharge, 92.5 percent of the cases had either been definitely diagnosed as DS and were recorded on the face sheet or were entered as "chromosome analysis pending" in the file.The use of the chromosome analysis data gave an estimate of total DS births (N = 201 +/- 34) statistically consistent with the total observed, thereby providing support for this estimation procedure. Annual incidence rates for DS were also calculated for 1970-78, with a total incidence rate for the 9-year period of 1.14 per 1,000 live births.19836219419PMCnull689
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Public Health Rep
Get PDFThe principal goal in this study was to quantify false positives in the hospital discharge data of the Birth Defects Monitoring Program conducted by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. The two hospital data processing agencies which contribute data to the Birth Defects Monitoring Program, the Commission on Professional and Hospital Activities and the McDonnell Douglas Health Information Systems, had respective levels of false positives of 13.2 percent and 8.5 percent, levels which were statistically different from each other. These false positive levels should be considered minimal because these data bases do not include information on sick babies who may be transferred into or out of member hospitals, and who may have their initial diagnoses significantly modified. Potential correlates of false positives were evaluated, including hospital size, diagnostic certainty, race, sex, and insurance source. Two-thirds of all false positives were due to the miscoding of correctly diagnosed anomalies, and another quarter were clearly contradicted in notes easily available before the patients were discharged. The authors hope that this study of false positives will enhance the interpretation of the Birth Defects Monitoring Program data and lead to improved understanding of data collection and processing.Interagency Agreement No. IPA CDC88E-104 between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Department of Biological Science
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Carl A. Huether letter to Neil Armstrong regarding Earth Day Symposium at University of Cincinnati, April 24, 1972
No full textCarl A. Huether was the Coordinator of the Earth Day Symposium
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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