126,095 research outputs found
Semigroups of order-decreasing transformations
No full textLet X be a totally ordered set and consider the semigroups of orderdecreasing (increasing) full (partial, partial one-to-one) transformations of X. In this
Thesis the study of order-increasing full (partial, partial one-to-one) transformations
has been reduced to that of order-decreasing full (partial, partial one-to-one)
transformations and the study of order-decreasing partial transformations to that of
order-decreasing full transformations for both the finite and infinite cases.
For the finite order-decreasing full (partial one-to-one) transformation
semigroups, we obtain results analogous to Howie (1971) and Howie and McFadden
(1990) concerning products of idempotents (quasi-idempotents), and concerning
combinatorial and rank properties. By contrast with the semigroups of order-preserving
transformations and the full transformation semigroup, the semigroups of orderdecreasing
full (partial one-to-one) transformations and their Rees quotient semigroups
are not regular. They are, however, abundant (type A) semigroups in the sense of
Fountain (1982,1979). An explicit characterisation of the minimum semilattice
congruence on the finite semigroups of order-decreasing transformations and their Rees
quotient semigroups is obtained.
If X is an infinite chain then the semigroup S of order-decreasing full
transformations need not be abundant. A necessary and sufficient condition on X is
obtained for S to be abundant. By contrast, for every chain X the semigroup of
order-decreasing partial one-to-one transformations is type A.
The ranks of the nilpotent subsemigroups of the finite semigroups of orderdecreasing
full (partial one-to-one) transformations have been investigated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Effect of movement goal on countermovement jump performance: An exploratory analysis of different sporting demands
No full textThis study explored the influence of different counter movement jump (CMJ) goals on performance, kinetic, and kinematic variables between 56 elite track and field (T&F), football, and futsal athletes. Within and between-sport difference were compared when using the goals: (a) “jump as high as possible” (CMJh) and (b) “jump as fast as possible” (CMJf), using a mixed MANOVA and follow-up univariate mixed ANOVAs. Movement goals had a significant main effect on all variables (p < .001). Compared to CMJh, CMJf elicited higher mean propulsive power normalized to body mass (MPPbm ) and reactive strength index (RSI), alongside lower jump height, contraction time (CT), propulsive displacement, and countermovement velocity (CMvelocity). Sport interaction analyses revealed that T&F athletes consistently outperformed the other sports in RSI across both movement goals. Significant differences in MPPbm and CT emerged between T&F and football. Additionally, a significant interaction between Movement goal and Sport was found for CMvelocity, indicated that T&F and football athletes increased their CM velocity under CMJh, while futsal players maintained similar downward velocities across both movement goals. In conclusion, movement goals significantly modify CMJ performance variables in elite athletes, and these effects are further influenced by sport specialization. Furthermore, adaptations in motor control processes according to the specific movement goals emphasize the need for task-specific and context-relevant communication. Coaches should align goal instructions with both the targeted task goals and the athletes’ sporting context to optimize training outcomes and athlete assessment
Australia and the coming peace : a constructive policy /
No full textCover title.; Also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.aus-vn2239396; FERG copy from Ferguson First World War, 1914-1919 pamphlet collection
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
General -- January-June,1962 -- Correspondence, OPV Miscellaneous -- letter, 1962-05-08
No full textLetter from Howie, John to Koch, M. A. dated 1962-05-08.Sabin Collection Fair Use Policy</a
Rank and status in semigroup theory
No full textFor each generating set A of a finite semigroup S the integer Delta(A) is defined as the least n for which every element of S is expressible as a product of at most n elements of A. The status of S is defined as the least value of \A\Delta(A) among generating sets of A. Some general bounds are obtained, and the notion is explored in more detail for certain well understood classes of semigroups.</p
The Powell-Cotton Dioramas and the Re-interpretation of an Idyll
No full textThis research examines the natural habitat dioramas created by Major P.H.G. Powell-Cotton, in doing so
it affects a remembering of a sense of place where a diorama reflects in Mieke Bal's view a three-dimensionality
that draws on architectural space; it then considers the three dimensional representation of
the landscape within the diorama itself; the two-dimensional illusion of a trompe l'oeil landscape
painting; and the exterior space occupied by the viewer. The Powell-Cotton natural habitat dioramas exist
behind large glass screens their purpose follows an aesthetic relationship with the emergence of the
natural habitat diorama and the ability to transfix perception through the re-interpretation of an idyll. The
potential for this practice-based research was to explore the possibility of developing an aesthetic for
sculpture and architectural space. However in focussing on the Powell-Cotton dioramas the notion of
aesthetic attitude would lose ground due to their idiosyncratic, artificial, and extraordinary nature, it then
prepared the basis of interpretation in establishing 'theatres of landscape' as an open concept. With
landscape, a sense of place anticipates various positions and numerous delays; it recollects the cognitive
knowledge brought to the prospect that involves aspects in, of and about landscape. Regarding the
studio-based project, the diorama was placed between the real and the unreal, challenging Bal's rationale
of the cognitive relationship of a diorama to the concept of a discursive space. Where both artist and
viewer 'activates' this space with their presence, they bring their own recollection of landscape and by
assigning landscape with memory the potentiality is where cognition becomes accentuated. Whereas the
unknown and uncharted can refute reality, memory is dependent on what is known both formally and
informally, it places the natural habitat diorama in a visual system that is both constructive and
destructive. Therefore the research methodology examines the historical context of the diorama through a
doctoral thesis by Karen Wonders and an analysis of Louis Daguerre's diorama by Richard Altick.
Following Bal's analysis of the diorama, this created a dilemma - in what ways are the perceptions of the
observer determined, and how are they undermined? Jonathan Crary and Giuliana Bruno considered the
diorama's position in relation to film and film archaeology, which ultimately the diorama and natural
habitat diorama could not compete with. In asking what has Powell-Cotton's museum to offer in the 21st
century, this thesis examines the concept of a diorama, its objectives and correspondingly its failings. As
the dioramas in the Powell-Cotton Museum were undocumented, these dioramas and their written, visual
and architectural relationship to Louis Daguerre offer a contribution to knowledge concurrent with the
relationship of this practice based research project. Whereupon the research diary forms the basis of a
contribution to new knowledge in the construction of small and large-scale dioramas, sculpture and
installations. By challenging Bal's analysis this research practice would investigate natural and projected
light and the visual language of transparency, translucency and opacity in the representation of landscape
and landscape as motif, and progressing to the structural implications of 2D and 3D work
On the local-indicability cohen–lyndon theorem
No full textFor a group H and a subset X of H, we let HX denote the set {hxh?1 | h ? H, x ? X}, and when X is a free-generating set of H, we say that the set HX is a Whitehead subset of H. For a group F and an element r of F, we say that r is Cohen–Lyndon aspherical in F if F{r} is a Whitehead subset of the subgroup of F that is generated by F{r}. In 1963, Cohen and Lyndon (D. E. Cohen and R. C. Lyndon, Free bases for normal subgroups of free groups, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 108 (1963), 526–537) independently showed that in each free group each non-trivial element is Cohen–Lyndon aspherical. Their proof used the celebrated induction method devised by Magnus in 1930 to study one-relator groups. In 1987, Edjvet and Howie (M. Edjvet and J. Howie, A Cohen–Lyndon theorem for free products of locally indicable groups, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 45 (1987), 41–44) showed that if A and B are locally indicable groups, then each cyclically reduced element of A*B that does not lie in A ? B is Cohen–Lyndon aspherical in A*B. Their proof used the original Cohen–Lyndon theorem. Using Bass–Serre theory, the original Cohen–Lyndon theorem and the Edjvet–Howie theorem, one can deduce the local-indicability Cohen–Lyndon theorem: if F is a locally indicable group and T is an F-tree with trivial edge stabilisers, then each element of F that fixes no vertex of T is Cohen–Lyndon aspherical in F. Conversely, by Bass–Serre theory, the original Cohen–Lyndon theorem and the Edjvet–Howie theorem are immediate consequences of the local-indicability Cohen–Lyndon theorem. In this paper we give a detailed review of a Bass–Serre theoretical form of Howie induction and arrange the arguments of Edjvet and Howie into a Howie-inductive proof of the local-indicability Cohen–Lyndon theorem that uses neither Magnus induction nor the original Cohen–Lyndon theorem. We conclude with a review of some standard applications of Cohen–Lyndon asphericit
Letter from E.B. White to Mrs. Howie, dated October 14, 1955
No full textTyped letter addressed to Mrs. Howie. Signed by E.B. White. Typed on the New Yorker stationery
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