30,055 research outputs found
Letter from A. F. Potter to John H. Page
No full textLetter from A. F. Potter to John H. Page referring his request to build a railway to the District Forester at Albuquerque, New Mexico
Tanggung Jawab Biro Perjalanan Haji Terhadap Konsumen Yang Batal Berangkat / oleh Rendy Hendra Permana
No full textabstrak (A) Nama:Rendy Hendra Permana (NIM: 205080186) (B)Judul Skripsi:Tanggung Jawab Biro Perjalanan Haji Terhadap Konsumen Yang Batal Berangkat (C)Halaman : viii+89+31+2013 (D)Kata kunci: Tanggung Jawab, Konsumen, Perjanjian, Tanggung Jawab Pelaku Usaha (E)Isi : Indonesia sebagai Negara dengan berpenduduk mayoritas umat Islam membuat banyaknya penduduk yang pergi berangkat haji ke Saudi Arabia. Pemerintah memberikan kebebasan bagi biro perjalanan untuk melakukan penyelenggaraan ibadah haji plus dengan syarat-syarat. Kegiatan ibadah haji setiap tahunnya selalu mengalami peningkatan, ini membuat pemerintah kewalahan dalam melakukan pembinaan penyelenggara ibadah haji. Hal ini membuat banyaknya bermunculan biro perjalanan haji yang tidak dibina dari kementrian agama. Banyaknya permintaan untuk berangkat haji membuat banyak pelaku usaha yang melakukan kegiatan usaha dengan curang. Dewasa ini sering terjadi pembatalan keberangkatan haji. Pembatalan tersebut mengakibatkan kerugian bagi konsumen. Konsumen batal diberangkatkan oleh biro perjalanan tetapi uang calon jemaah haji gagal berangkat tersebut tidak dikembalikan secara penuh. Permasalahan yang diangkat adalah tanggung jawab biro perjalanan haji terhadap konsumen yang batal berangkat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif, didukung wawancara dengan direktorat jenderal haji dan umrah, YLKI, para praktisi hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa klausul baku yang dicantumkan dalam perjanjian perjalanan haji batal demi hukum. Asas objektif dalam perjanjian perjalanan haji tidak terpenuhi sehingga perjanjian tersebut batal demi hukum. Kesimpulannya adalah biro perjalanan haji harus mengganti kerugian secara penuh kepada calon jemaah haji yang gagal berangkat dikarenakan perjanjian tersebut batal demi hukum. Penulis memberikan saran kepada biro perjalanan haji untuk bertindak jujur dalam melakukan usaha dan kepada konsumen untuk lebih berhati-hati dalam memilih biro perjalanan perjalanan haji. (F)Acuan: 31 (1980-2010)(G)Pembimbing:Prof., Dr. H. K. Martono, S.H., L.L.M.(H)Penulis:Rendy Hendra Perman
Kekuatan mengikat nota kesepahaman dalam perjanjian kerjasama antara PT Mega Mulia Mandiri dan PT Rudy Hadisuwarno / oleh Hendra Kusuma
No full textabstrak (A) Nama : Hendra Kusuma (B) NIM : 205030098 (C) Judul Skripsi : ?Kekuatan Mengikat Nota Kesepahaman dalam Perjanjian Kerjasama antara PT. Mega Mulia Mandiri dan PT. Rudy Hadisuwarno? (D) vi+90+lampiran (E) Kata Kunci : Nota Kesepahaman, Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), dan Letter of Intent (LoI) (F) Isi : Nota Kesepahaman atau yang sering disebut dengan Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) atau Letter of Intent (LoI) merupakan suatu dokumen yang menjelaskan maksud para pihak untuk melakukan suatu hal. Nota Kesepahaman biasanya merupakan suatu bentuk kesepakatan awal. Oleh sebab itu, substansi dari suatu Nota Kesepahaman biasanya hanyalah mengatur hal-hal yang umum saja dan tidak dimaksudkan untuk mengikat para pihak yang membuatnya. Dalam Nota Kesepahaman yang diadakan oleh PT. Mega Mulia Mandiri dan PT. Rudy Hadisuwarno, substansinya sangat mendetil. Kemudian pada saat PT. Rudy Hadisuwarno tidak melaksanakan kewajibannya sebagaimana diatur dalam Nota Kesepahaman, PT. Mega Mulia Mandiri mengajukan gugatan wanprestasi ke pengadilan. Pengadilan yang mengadili kasus ini menganggap bahwa Nota Kesepahaman yang mereka adakan itu berlaku dan mengikat para pihak yang membuatnya. Oleh karena itu, pengadilan memutus perkara berdasarkan prinsip-prinsip dan asas-asas yang terdapat dalam hukum perjanjian Indonesia dan menggunakan Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPer) sebagai dasar hukumnya. Dalam kasus ini, terlihat jelas bahwa kekuatan mengikat dari Nota Kesepahaman yang diadakan oleh PT. Mega Mulia Mandiri dan PT. Rudy Hadisuwarno sangat berbeda dengan Nota Kesepahaman pada umumnya. Sebenarnya, jika dilihat dari substansinya maka dapat dikatakan bahwa Nota Kesepahaman tersebut telah memenuhi syarat-syarat sahnya perjanjian dan unsur-unsur suatu perjanjian menurut hukum perjanjian Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini, akan diuraikan tentang kekuatan mengikat dari Nota Kesepahaman yang diadakan oleh PT. Mega Mulia Mandiri dan PT. Rudy Hadisuwarno ditinjau hukum perjanjian Indonesia dan juga definisi-definisi Nota Kesepahaman yang ada. (G) Daftar Acuan : 31 (1985-2006) (H) Pembimbing : Dr. Gunawan Djajaputra, S.H., S.S., M.H. (I) Penulis : Hendra Kusum
The equine Hendra virus vaccine remains a highly effective preventative measure against infection in horses and humans: ‘The imperative to develop a human vaccine for the Hendra virus in Australia’
Get PDFIn their commentary article, ‘The imperative to develop a human vaccine for the Hendra virus in Australia’, Zahoor and Mudie (1) argue the case for a human Hendra virus (HeV) vaccine. The statements supporting their arguments are incorrect and have the potential to cause infection ecology & epidemiology confusion and ultimately undermine confidence in current evidence-based risk management strategies, thereby placing equine and human lives at risk
Polly H. Carder Collection on George F. Root
No full textGeorge Frederick Root (1820-1895) was an American songwriter and music educator. He is perhaps best known for his song "The Battle Cry of Freedom," which was written and rose to popularity during the U.S. Civil War. The Polly H. Carder Collection on George F. Root contains original published scores and songbooks from the period 1852-1907 and photocopied scores collected by Polly H. Carder, author of the book George F. Root, Civil War Songwriter: A Biography. The collection also contains a short article, "The Last Days of George F. Root," written by Root's daughter, Clara Louise Burnham
A single amino acid substitution in the V protein of Nipah virus alters its ability to block interferon signalling in cells from different species
No full textThe V protein of the paramyxovirus Nipah virus (NiV) has been shown to antagonize the interferon (IFN) response in human cells via sequestration of STAT1 and STAT2. This study describes a mutant of the NiV V protein, referred to as V(AAHL), that is unable to antagonize IFN signalling and demonstrates that a single amino acid substitution is responsible for its inactivity. The molecular basis for this was identified as a failure to interact with STAT1 and STAT2. It was also shown that NiV V, but not V(AAHL), was functional as an IFN antagonist in human, monkey, rabbit, dog, horse, pig and bat cells, which suggests that the ability of NiV to block IFN signalling is not a major constraint that prevents this virus from crossing species barriers.</p
Evidence of endemic Hendra Virus infection in flying-foxes (Pteropus conspicillatus) - implications for disease risk management
Get PDFThis study investigated the seroepidemiology of Hendra virus in a spectacled flying-fox (Pteropus conspicillatus) population in northern Australia, near the location of an equine and associated human Hendra virus infection in late 2004. The pattern of infection in the population was investigated using a serial cross-sectional serological study over a 25-month period, with blood sampled from 521 individuals over six sampling sessions. Antibody titres to the virus were determined by virus neutralisation test. In contrast to the expected episodic infection pattern, we observed that seroprevalence gradually increased over the two years suggesting infection was endemic in the population over the study period. Our results suggested age, pregnancy and lactation were significant risk factors for a detectable neutralizing antibody response. Antibody titres were significantly higher in females than males, with the highest titres occurring in pregnant animals. Temporal variation in antibody titres suggests that herd immunity to the virus may wax and wane on a seasonal basis. These findings support an endemic infection pattern of henipaviruses in bat populations suggesting their infection dynamics may differ significantly from the acute, self limiting episodic pattern observed with related viruses (e.g. measles virus, phocine distemper virus, rinderpest virus) hence requiring a much smaller critical host population size to sustain the virus. These findings help inform predictive modelling of henipavirus infection in bat populations, and indicate that the life cycle of the reservoir species should be taken into account when developing risk management strategies for henipaviruses.Andrew C. Breed, Martin F. Breed, Joanne Meers and Hume E. Fiel
Electron and positron scattering from 1,1-C₂H₂F₂
Get PDF1,1-difluoroethylene (1,1-C₂H₂F₂) molecules have been studied for the first time experimentally and theoretically by electron and positron impact. 0.4-1000 eV electron and 0.2-1000 eV positron impact total cross sections (TCSs) were measured using a retarding potential time-of-flight apparatus. In order to probe the resonances observed in the electron TCSs, a crossed-beam method was used to investigate vibrational excitation cross sections over the energy range of 1.3-49 eV and scattering angles 90 degrees and 120 degrees for the two loss energies 0.115 and 0.381 eV corresponding to the dominant C-H (ν₂ and ν₉) stretching and the combined C-F (ν₃) stretching and CH₂ (ν₁₁) rocking vibrations, respectively. Electron impact elastic integral cross sections are also reported for calculations carried out using the Schwinger multichannel method with pseudopotentials for the energy range from 0.5 to 50 eV in the static-exchange approximation and from 0.5 to 20 eV in the static-exchange plus polarization approximation. Resonance peaks observed centered at about 2.3, 6.5, and 16 eV in the TCSs have been shown to be mainly due to the vibrational and elastic channels, and assigned to the B₂, B₁, and A₁ symmetries, respectively. The pi* resonance peak at 1.8 eV in C₂H₄ is observed shifted to 2.3 eV in 1,1-C₂H₂F₂ and to 2.5 eV in C₂F₄; a phenomenon attributed to the decreasing C=C bond length from C₂H₄ to C₂F₄. For positron impact a conspicuous peak is observed below the positronium formation threshold at about 1 eV, and other less pronounced ones centered at about 5 and 20 eV.The work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid, the
Ministry of Education, Science, Technology, Sport and Culture,
Japan, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
JSPS, and the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
JAERI. One of the authors C.M. is also grateful to the
JSPS for financial support under Grant No. P04064. Another
author H.T. acknowledges Dr. T. Ozeki of the JAERI for
his encouragement and support during this work. This work
was also done under the International Atomic Energy Agency
IAEA project for three of the authors C.M., M.H., and
H.T.. Two of the authors M.H.F.B. and M.A.P.L. acknowledge
support from the Brazilian agency Conselho Nacional
de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico CNPq.
MHFB also acknowledges support from the Paraná state
agency Fundação Araucária and from FINEP ( under Project
No. CT-Infra 1)
„f“ AND „h“ LETTERS\u27 PROBLEM IN LATGALIAN LANGUAGE
Get PDFIn the article is told about the problem of letters’ (and sounds’) f and h in Latgalian language. These sounds have never been in any Latgalian dialect, in foreign words speakers always have been replaced them with other sounds. At the same time letters f and h have been used in written Latgalian at all times: from the first known book „Evangelia toto anno“ to the present day. What to do in this situation: to keep the way of the still alive traditional spoken language, or to yield to the pressure of other languages?The author analyzes a variety of sources: tells about reconstructions of source languages and opinions of their researchers about presence/absence of these sounds in them, deals with f in contemporary Eurasian languages (Eastern Slavic: Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian; Finnic: Finnish, Estonian, Vyru; Turkic: Kyrgyz, Kazakh, Chuvash, Yakut; Persian: Pashto; Baltic: Lithuanian, Samogitian) and h in contemporary Eurasian languages (French, Kazakh, Lithuanian, Samogitian). Latgalian and Latvian dialects’ recordings, folk songs, ancient texts (from XVI–XVIII centuries), as well as Latgalian contemporary literature are analyzed. The author also evaluates inclusion of letters f and h in alphabet of the official Latgalian terms of spelling in year 2007.Author establishes that there are five possible paths:1) to use the f and h in all the words where they are in Latvian, Russian or other languages;2) to keep p, k, g and c in traditionally used words, but to put f and h in newly borrowed ones;3) do not use the f and h at all;4) to use both variants parallely in the same words;5) to write f and h, but to pronounce them as p and k.Author concludes that the actualy usable are only two of them: the second one – the way of a compromise, and the third one – as the most appropriate to Latgalian phonological system
A 2 h periodic variation in the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1
No full textSpectroscopy of the low-mass X-ray binary Ser X-1 using the Gran Telescopio Canarias have revealed a ?2 h periodic variability that is present in the three strongest emission lines. We tentatively interpret this variability as due to orbital motion, making it the first indication of the orbital period of Ser X-1. Together with the fact that the emission lines are remarkably narrow, but still resolved, we show that a main-sequence K dwarf together with a canonical 1.4 M? neutron star gives a good description of the system. In this scenario, the most likely place for the emission lines to arise is the accretion disc, instead of a localized region in the binary (such as the irradiated surface or the stream-impact point), and their narrowness is due instead to the low inclination (?10°) of Ser X-1
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