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Place Names and Identities
No full textThis paper discusses various approaches to the topic "place names and identities", addressing the meaning of place names, their role as links to the past as well as their identity-building capacity. The author argues that there is an intimate relationship between place and place name, and he discusses how place names may reflect or give rise to feelings of individual and collective identity attached to the places in question. Three particular personal experiences of the identity role of place names are given, two at the beginning of the paper and one in the conclusion
Gulbrand Alhaug og Aud-Kirsti Pedersen (red.): Namn i det fleirspråklege Noreg.
Full text linkAt Noreg er eit fleirspråkleg land, står klart for dei fleste. Det fleirspråklege ytrar seg på mange måtar. Fyrst kan ein seia at me har to jamstilte norske riks-språk, bokmål og riksmål, noko som kjem til uttrykk i denne boka ved at seks av artiklane er skrivne på bokmål og seks på nynorsk – og ein på svensk. Når det gjeld namn, er det ikkje noko prinsipielt skilje mellom dei to målformene, med unntak av at landsnamnet og nokre andre stadnamn har kvar si form på dei to måla, og ved at offentlege institusjonar skal ha ei bokmålsform og ei nynorsk-form når dei einskilde orda i namnet er ulike i dei to måla. Fram til lov om stadnamn vart vedteken i 1990, var hovudregelen i stadnamnnormering at ein skulle fylgja nynorsk rettskriving. Lova oppheva denne regelen og innførte prinsippet om at ein skal nytta den rettskrivingsforma i bokmål eller nynorsk som ligg nærast uttalen. Sidan målføregrunnlaget svarar best til det nynorske systemet, vil nynorskformer framleis vera mest aktuelle rundt om i landet. Med det aukande omfanget av tillatne målføreformer i stadnamn, som tjønn for tjørn, e-ending i sterke hokjønnsord og fleirtalsendingar som -an, er det rett nok mange avvik frå rettskrivinga
Zum gegenwärtigen Stand der norwegischen Namenforschung: 60 Jahre norwegisches Ortsnamenverzeichnis
Full text linkSvenskt ortnamnslexikon
Full text linkSvenskt ortnamnslexikon kom ut fyrste gongen i 2003. Då hadde Norsk stadnamnleksikon alt vore ute i 27 år. I Danmark kom fyrste ut-gåva av Dansk Stednavnelexikon ut i tre små bind på 1980-talet og i eit sterkt revidert tobindsverk i 1994 med tittelen Stednavneordbog. Så det svenske stadnamnleksikonet var eit lenge etterlengta verk. Med dei rundt 6000 oppslagsartiklane hadde Sverige og Norden no fått ein lett tilgjengeleg tilgang til forklaring av dei mest kjende og brukte svenske stadnamna. Det hausta då òg gode ord både heime og i gran-nelanda. «Det er … ingen tvil om at leksikonet vil få ein sentral plass som referanseverk for stadnamngransking både i og utanfor Sverige» skreiv Oddvar Nes i sin omtale av fyrsteutgåva i Namn og Nemne 21/22). Tom Schmidt lèt òg vel i si melding av fyrsteutgåva i Namn och bygd 92 (2004)
Place-names containing occupational terms: a study based on data from two regions in Norway
No full textWhen dealing with the place-names of a region, it is striking to see the great variety of words and terms found in the material. Any natural or manmade feature so to speak, any field of human activity may be represented. Name researchers, historians, as well as other scholars interested in onomastics, have repeatedly highlighted place-names as a source for learning about the interaction between man and his surroundings. Among the large number of semantic categories represented in place-names, I will look into the one where the context is occupations (or occupational activities, including trades and professions), based on material from two Norwegian districts (see map below). Preliminary examples are Munkerud ‘the monk’s clearing’, cf. English Monkton, and Prestedalen ‘the priest’s valley’, cf. English Priestcliffe (Gelling 1984: 136). In most cases the occupational term stands as specific (first element) in compound place-names, whereas a topographical word makes out the generic (last element), for example Lensmannsstølen, from lensmann ‘sheriff’ and støl ‘summer farm’. The relationship between the profession in question and the generic is of various kinds, for instance performance of a particular occupation at a certain place, an individual’s proprietorship of that occupation, or an incident related to a person having that occupation. Further examples are Skrivargarden ‘the farmstead of the district court judge’, Falkafangarnuten ‘the hill where the falconer operates’.
In some names we find an aspect of irony, for instance in Hovmannen, from hovmann ‘clerk of the court’, ‘the king’s deputy’. This position as the king’s deputy was very unpopular among the rural population. In this case the name refers to a rock which the name givers have associated with a “hovmann”. By studying this group of names, we can find out more about the social status of the occupations in question
Proprium og leksikografi
Full text linkForfattaren drøfter kva plass proprium bør ha i vanlege ordboksverk. Han meiner at ei ordbok som tek sikte på å vera fulldekkjande, også bør ha med proprium Dei fleste ordbØkene har berre unntaksvis døme frå denne kategorien, og når dei har det, er det ikkje alltid gjeve klare grunnar for utvalet. Dei to viktigaste innvendingane mot å ta med proprium synest vera at materialet er stort og uhandterleg, og at semantikken er innfløkt. Forfattaren drøfter dei metodiske vanskane med å skilja mellom proprium og appellativ. Ei anna sentral problemstilling er korleis ein skal avgjera om opphavlege proprium har gått over til appellativ, t.d.ford m av Ford, og i kva omfang slike ord skal takast med i ordbøkene. Han kjem vidare inn på terminologiproblemet i samband med at termen namn er nytta om ord i appellativisk funksjon, t.d. brødnamn for brødnemne. Forfattaren konkluderer med at leksikografar og namneganskarar bør drØfta inngåande korleis proprium skal handsamast i ordbokssamanheng
Naming me, naming you. Personal names, online signatures and cultural meaning
No full textEvery day we talk and speak and chat to people. We write and listen to each other, refer to each other, describe to each other what we and others have done and said. Doing this, we sometimes use our given names, sometimes we go by our nicknames, which often indicate or clarify who we are or are made up by ourselves to draw other people’s attention. Nicknames can be official or informal, known by many or only by a few, real monikers or made up pseudonyms or signatures. Where ever there are people there are names, since names are and have always been part of human life. Sociologist Richard D. Alford states that ethnographic research has not found a single society whose members do not have names (1988:1). Names are cultural universals, something all humans have in common, no matter where or when they live. This article focuses on personal names and naming from a cultural ethnographic perspective. It begins with reflections on the link between name and self, continues with a discussion of how names are used to culturally structure our surroundings and interpret the world, and concludes with an analysis of names used in virtual settings. The virtual field has hitherto not received much interest among name researchers. In online games, chat rooms and web communities, names are not only useful and applicable, as they are in the so called real world; they are even more essential and important as it is mainly through their names participants recognise and identify each other
Session Paper
No full textThe first name is a distinctive personal label. It usually distinguishes oneself from other family members
and from most other people. In common with other novelists, Charlotte Bronte chose for many fictional
characters the first name of an actual person who was important to her. Attributes of the fictional character
might provide useful information on feelings of the author toward the actual namesake. An unusual
attribute of the four novels by Charlotte Bronte is that the author revealed an actual person who was the
model for more than two dozen fictional characters.
Experiences of the author are reproduced by some of the fictional characters and by other aspects of
the four successive novels, , , , and . In each novel, one of the most
important characters partially resembles Charlotte Bronte. A very minor character named Charlotte, in
, is the only fictional namesake of the author. Most of the actions and events in and in
are in Brussels, Belgium. In that foreign city, Charlotte Bronte was a student and then teacher at a
school for young ladies. She fell in love with a teacher who was the husband of the school’s director
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