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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Numerical and experimental investigation of the influence of dynamic loads on wet snow shedding from overhead cables
No full textPlusieurs types de givrages atmosphériques peuvent se déposer sur les lignes aériennes de transport d'énergie électrique incluant la neige collante lourde et adhérente, le givre dur, le givre mou et la glace à haute densité. Des dépôts de neige sur les structures exposées peuvent avoir un impact sur le fonctionnement, la sécurité et la fiabilité mécanique. Plus spécifiquement sur les lignes aériennes de transport d'énergie électrique, les charges de gravité résultant de Paccrétion de la neige lourde combinée aux charges du vent sur la neige peuvent causer des dommages structuraux, une rupture ou même en cascade des pylônes. La chute des dépôts de neige peut appliquer une charge dynamique sur la ligne de transport par les vibrations induites sur le câble et provoquer un effet déstabilisant entre les portées adjacentes couvertes et non couvertes. Ainsi pour protéger les lignes de transport contre les charges résultantes de l'accrétion de la neige sur la ligne et pour assurer la fiabilité des réseaux de distribution électriques, les processus du délestage de la neige doivent être compris et des techniques de prévention comme des méthodes d'antigivrage et de dégivrage doivent être utilisées.\ud
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Cette étude porte sur l'analyse dynamique des lignes aériennes de transport d'énergie couvertes de neige et soumises à des charges périodiques. De telles charges peuvent être le résultat de l'effet d'une charge périodique externe appliquée pour enlever la neige accumulée sur les lignes ou le résultat d'effets naturels comme le vent ou des charges en déséquilibre conséquentes d'une chute de neige soudaine ou propagé d'une portée adjacente . L'objectif est de comprendre le phénomène du délestage de neige induite mécaniquement sur les portées des câbles aériens et de simuler les effets des charges périodiques sur la chute de la neige collante. Lors d'études précédentes, les réponses de la ligne de transmission aux chutes instantanées ont été modélisées alors que dans cette étude, on étudie la propagation de le délestage de la neige le long de la portée en réponse à une charge périodique. Plus particulièrement, la réponse dynamique des câbles couverts de neige aux charges périodiques est examinée par modélisation mathématique en utilisant une analyse d'éléments finis non linéaires et des études expérimentales en chambre froide.\ud
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Le modèle numérique peut servir de base à l'étude de critères différents de rupture de la neige collante en ce qui concerne l'adhésion. Pour atteindre cet objectif, on a d'abord étudié expérimentalement l'adhésion en tension et en cisaillement à la surface des câbles. Ceci est essentiel pour mettre en corrélation la chute et la force d'adhésion entre la neige et le câble, puisque le délestage survient lorsque l'adhésion disparaît. Les mesures ont été obtenues en utilisant une machine à essayer le matériel et une centrifugeuse. Puis un critère de rupture de la neige collante a été déterminé et appliqué dans le modèle numérique. Ce modèle simule les vibrations du câble couvert de neige mouillée, par l'application d'une excitation périodique, celui que provoque du processus de chute de neige. L'excitation périodique est modélisée en utilisant une fonction temporelle de déplacement initial à une extrémité du câble, rendant la variation de la fréquence d'excitation possible. Le défi est de prédire si le dépôt va demeurer fixé au conducteur ou s'il va tomber suite à la vibration provoquée. Le modèle considère le délestage de la neige en retirant les éléments de la neige le long du câble, lorsque le critère de rupture est satisfait.\ud
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Dans l'étude expérimentale, les manchons de neige collante ont été reproduits à échelle réduite en utilisant une technique développée précédemment. Les charges de neige de différentes épaisseurs ont été utilisées sur la portée et les charges périodiques ont été appliquées au point de suspension de façon à initier une vibration du câble et observer le mécanisme du délestage. La similitude des résultats du modèle numérique et ceux des simulations expérimentales à échelle réduite valide le modèle et assure sa fiabilité. Finalement le modèle de neige développé, avec un critère de rupture, est appliqué aux simulations numériques subséquentes des portées simples à échelle réelle soumis à des impacts périodiques.\ud
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Several types of atmospheric icing deposits may load overhead cables including heavy adherent wet snow, hard rime, large but lightweight soft rime and high-density glaze ice. Snow deposits on exposed structures can be the source of several serviceability, safety and mechanical reliability issues. On overhead power lines in particular, the gravity loads due to heavy snow accretion, coupled with wind-on-snow loads, may lead to structural damages, or failure and even cascading collapse of towers. The shedding of the snow deposit can apply dynamic loads on the line by the initiated cable vibration and results in unbalanced tension between shed and unshed adjacent spans. Therefore, in order to protect the line against loads resulting as a consequence of accreted snow on the line and to ensure the reliability of electrical power delivery networks, the processes of snow shedding have to be profoundly understood and countermeasures have to be taken, e.g., by applying anti-icing and de-icing methods.\ud
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This study focuses on the dynamic analysis of snow-covered overhead transmission lines subjected to periodic loads. Such loads may result from the effect of an external periodic load intended to remove accreted snow from the cable, or from such natural effects as wind or load imbalances due to sudden or propagating snow shedding from an adjacent span. The objective is to understand the phenomenon of mechanically-induced snow shedding on overhead cable spans and to simulate the effects of periodic loads on wet snow shedding. In previous studies, the response of the line to instantaneous shedding was modeled, whereas in this research, the propagation of snow shedding along the span as response to a periodic load is studied. In particular, the dynamic response of snow-covered cables to periodic loads is examined by numerical modeling using nonlinear finite element analysis as well as experimentally in a cold chamber.\ud
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The numerical model can serve as a basis to study various failure criteria of wet snow in terms of adhesion. In order to achieve this goal, first the tensile and shear adhesion of snow to cable surfaces were experimentally studied, which are essential to correlate shedding and the adhesive strength between cable and snow, since shedding occurs after adhesion vanishes. These measurements were carried out using material test machine and centrifuge machine. Then, a criterion of wet-snow failure was determined and applied in the numerical model, which simulates vibrations of the cable covered by wet snow due to application of periodic excitation resulting snow shedding process. The periodic excitation is modeled by an input displacement time function at one cable end, making the variation of excitation frequency possible. The challenge is to predict whether the deposit will remain attached to the conductor or fall off during the resulting vibration. The model considers snow shedding by removing snow elements along the cable where the failure criterion is satisfied.\ud
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In the experimental study, wet snow sleeves were reproduced on a small-scale span by using a formerly developed technique. Snow loads of different thickness were thus created on this span and periodic loads were applied at the suspension point in order to initiate cable vibration and observe the resulting shedding mechanism. The coincidence of results of numerical model and those of small-scale experimental simulations validates the model and assures its reliability. Finally, the developed snow model with failure criterion is applied in further numerical simulations for real-scale single spans subjected to periodic impact
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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