46 research outputs found
Javid Nama and Zindagi: A Comparative Analysis
No full textIn this article Javid Nama, The famous masnavi of Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Zindgi, a novel penned down by renowned author Ch. Afzal Haq has been compared critically. Interesting resemblances between both the books are explored in this comparative study. This study probes that Javid Nama and Zindgi not only resemble regarding subject matter and thought but also in the realm of time and space. For example the time of publication, place of publication, social and intellectual context of both book are same. Both the books despite generic differences have the same novelistic, dramatic and imaginative elements
Javid Nama and Zindagi: A Comparative Analysis
No full textIn this article Javid Nama, The famous masnavi of Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Zindgi, a novel penned down by renowned author Ch. Afzal Haq has been compared critically. Interesting resemblances between both the books are explored in this comparative study. This study probes that Javid Nama and Zindgi not only resemble regarding subject matter and thought but also in the realm of time and space. For example the time of publication, place of publication, social and intellectual context of both book are same. Both the books despite generic differences have the same novelistic, dramatic and imaginative elements
Essais sur les effets des chocs naturels et géopolitiques sur la prise de décision et les préférences
No full textCette thèse est composée de quatre chapitres analysant différents chocs naturels et géopolitiques et leurs conséquences au niveau individuel dans les pays développés et en développement. Le premier chapitre explore l’effet du tremblement de terre en 2005 au Pakistan sur la religiosité. Nous avons trouvé une relation positive entre l’expérience d’une catastrophe naturelle et la religiosité. Cette analyse corrobore l’hypothèse de refuge dans la religion, c’est-à-dire que les individus sont plus enclins à se tourner vers la pratique religieuse après l’expérience d’une catastrophe naturelle. Le deuxième chapitre analyse l’impact d’une expérience passée d’une catastrophe naturelle pendant l’enfance des banquiers centraux sur la capacité de réaction de ces mêmes banquiers sur une même catastrophe naturelle apparaissant pendant leurs mandats. Les résultats nous montrent que les déterminants standards impactent significativement la dynamique de l’inflation ainsi que l’impact de l’expérience passée d’une catastrophe naturelle. Plus précisément, les banquiers centraux qui ont été exposés durant leur enfance à une catastrophe naturelle tendent à gérer l’inflation différemment, et ce de façon plus conservatrice ; notons que les inondations font exception à cette relation. Le troisième chapitre examine comment le point de vue des individus sur le rôle de l’État à fournir une assurance chômage est influencé par le régime politique socialiste. Nous avons trouvé que les européens de l’Est qui ont suivi leur éducation sous un régime socialiste, comparés aux européens de l’Ouest dont l’éducation s’est déroulée après la chute du communisme ont plus tendance à soutenir le rôle du gouvernement dans l’apport d’une assurance chômage. Le quatrième et dernier chapitre étudie les conséquences éducatives de la partition de l’Inde Britannique sur différents groupes ethniques du Pakistan. Il en résulte que les cohortes nées pendant la partition ont une probabilité plus faible d’avoir une éducation de base comparées à leurs comparses. Ceci nous montre à quel point la partition a été un choc douloureux dans l’histoire au point que trois générations de pakistanais ont été impacté par cette partition.This thesis entails four essays/chapters on different natural and geo political shocks and their outcomes at the individual level, in both developed and developing countries. The first essay explores the effect of the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan on religiosity. The results indicate positive association between exposure to natural disaster and religiosity. The analysis indicates that religiosity foster coping with earthquake outcomes, as individuals are more inclined towards religious activities, following the exposure to a natural disaster. The second essay analyzes the impact of natural disasters that central bankers have faced in their early- life to assess their reaction to present-day similar events. The results reveal that, while the standard determinants significantly impact inflation dynamics, the impact of early-life traumas is also significant. In particular, central bankers who have been exposed to traumas during their early life tend to manage inflation differently, and more conservatively, except for floods. The third essay examines how individuals’ point of view towards the role of the state in providing unemployment insurance is shaped by the experience of the socialism. The results indicate that East-Europeans who educated under socialist regime, as compared with individuals from West Europe who educated after fall of communism, are significantly more likely to be associated with supporting role of government in providing unemployment insurance. The fourth and final chapter investigates how the British-India partition impacts educational consequences among different ethnic groups of Pakistan. The analysis reveals that cohorts born during the partition period have a lower probability of being educated as compared with their counterparts. The findings also indicate that scar from partition lasts for long as the third generation is still impacted by the partition episode
Essais sur l'indépendance des banques centrales et le soutien du public
No full textCette thèse traite de certaines questions importantes d'économie politique, plus particulièrement liées à l'indépendance des banques centrales. Le premier chapitre de la thèse montre que la probabilité de remplacement d'un gouverneur de banque centrale est positivement liée à la part du mandat déjà effectuée, aux crises bancaires et monétaires, aux élections, aux réformes des statuts des banques centrales, ainsi qu'à l'inflation. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous montrons que le grand public connaît très bien la question de l'indépendance de la banque centrale. Cette question est analysée pour des échantillons représentatifs de 15 pays Européens, interrogés sur la proposition de créer une Banque Centrale Européenne (BCE) indépendante. Nous montrons que le comportement de l'inflation n'est pas suffisant pour expliquer la préférence des agents pour une banque centrale indépendante: les caractéristiques personnelles et les circonstances ont un impact plus fort, avec le sexe, l'emploi, le niveau d'éducation, de revenu, et le degré d'information et le souci civique montrant une significativité particulière. Le troisième chapitre de l'étude traite de la question du soutien de la banque centrale par le public. Nous employons un riche ensemble de déterminants potentiels, en combinant les données macro-économiques et socio-démographiques pour expliquer la confiance dans la BCE. Nous constatons que les personnes ayant un niveau de revenu élevé, d'éducation élevé et une orientation politique centriste ou de droite ont tendance à plus soutenir la BCE. La pertinence politique de ces résultats est importante pour la stratégie de communication de la BCE avec le public de l'UE.This thesis addresses some important issues in the political economy particularly related to central bank independence. The first chapter of the thesis explores the determinants of removal of central bankers and shows that the probability of replacing a central bank governor is positively related to the time already spent in office, to banking and currency crises, the occurrence of elections, central bank independence reforms, and inflation. In the second chapter, we demonstrate that general public adheres the issue and importance of independence of central bank very well. Using data from Eurobarometer surveys for 1998 to 2000 for 15 EU countries, which included a specific question on this issue, we show that inflation performance is not sufficient to explain people's preferences for an independent central bank: personal characteristics and circumstances have a stronger impact, with gender, employment status, education level, income, and degree of information and civic concern showing particular relevance. The third chapter of the study deals with the issue of support of the central bank in public. We employ a rich set of potential determinants, combining macroeconomic and socio-demographic data, to explain trust in the ECB. We find that people with higher level of income and education and centre to right-wing political orientation tend to support the ECB, as well as people with optimistic expectations on the economic situation. The policy relevance of this dissertation is important for the central banks' communication policy along general policies and also for the ECB's communication strategy with the EU public
Impact of Economic Reforms on Social Sector of Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis
Get PDFThis study evaluates the impact of economic reforms on the social sector of Pakistan by constructing the index of economic reforms of the key sectors of the economy for the period 1971 to 2015 using ARDL. For analysis purpose two separate models have been estimated for poverty and income inequality. The results of the study reveal that economic reforms impact poverty and income inequality negatively and significantly. The negative relationship of economic reforms show that economic reforms are helpful for improving the social sector of Pakistan. Moreover, both the models also show convergence from short run to long run period. The foreign direct investment exerts positive impact on poverty and gross fixed capital has positive impact on both poverty and income inequality. The relationship between population growth and income inequality is positive and significant. Moreover, age dependency ratio and life expectancy reduces both inequality and poverty respectively in the long run. The role of crime appears to be insignificant in case of income inequality. The study suggests that government of Pakistan should formulate and implement pro poor policies and introduce reforms for providing health and educational facilitates. Furthermore, the introduction food subsidy to the poor will also be helpful in reducing the intensity of poverty and inequality in Pakistan
Javid Nama and Zindagi: A Comparative Analysis
No full textIn this article Javid Nama, The famous masnavi of Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Zindgi, a novel penned down by renowned author Ch. Afzal Haq has been compared critically. Interesting resemblances between both the books are explored in this comparative study. This study probes that Javid Nama and Zindgi not only resemble regarding subject matter and thought but also in the realm of time and space. For example the time of publication, place of publication, social and intellectual context of both book are same. Both the books despite generic differences have the same novelistic, dramatic and imaginative elements
Public Attitudes towards Central Bank Independence: Lessons From the Foundation of the ECB
No full textThis study examines public opinion in 15 European countries, on the proposal to establish an independent European Central Bank (ECB). Using data from Euro- barometer surveys for 1998 to 2000, which included a speci c question on this issue, we show that in ation performance is not su cient to explain people's preference for an independent central bank: personal characteristics and circumstances have a stronger impact, with gender, employment status, education level, income quartiles, and degree of information and civic concern showing particular relevance
Public Attitudes towards Central Bank Independence: Lessons From the Foundation of the ECB
No full textThis study examines public opinion in 15 European countries, on the proposal to establish an independent European Central Bank (ECB). Using data from Euro- barometer surveys for 1998 to 2000, which included a speci c question on this issue, we show that in ation performance is not su cient to explain people's preference for an independent central bank: personal characteristics and circumstances have a stronger impact, with gender, employment status, education level, income quartiles, and degree of information and civic concern showing particular relevance
Exploring Interlinks between Globalization and Governance: A Panel Data Evidence
Get PDFGlobalization has always remained a fiery issue among academia and researchers due to lack of consensus on this subject. A potential unresolved issue about globalization is its impact on governance and quality of domestic institutions. The present study is an attempt to explore the relationship between globalization and governance in a panel of 91 countries covering time period from 1984 to 2011. Panel fixed effect model and Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) have been applied for the analysis. Results divulge that globalization has negative and statistically significant effect on governance. Thus, the present study recommends that globalization, if direly needed, must be espoused with a great caution. An effective and efficient liberalization policy is integral to reap benefits of globalization
