4 research outputs found
Synthesis of waste cooking oil-based polyol via one-pot epoxidation and hydroxylation reaction / Nurul Syazana Hasmaruddin
No full textThis study was carried out to synthesize waste cooking oil-based polyol for polyurethane via one-pot epoxidation and hydroxylation reaction. The raw WCO was first pretreated and was used to synthesize WCO-based polyol. The effect of concentration of oxidant, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was observed using physical, chemical (FTIR, %FFA, acid value, iodine value and hydroxyl value) and thermal (TGA) analysis. The pre-treatment process results in no alteration of functional group as proven by FTIR spectroscopy. The WCO contains free fatty acid percentage (%FFA) and acid value (AV) at 2.31% and 4.6 mgKOH/g, respectively. The FTIR spectra of all WCO-based polyol samples showed the formation of OH absorption peak and supported by the increase in hydroxyl value (OHV) from 5.030 up to 229.32 mgKOH/g. It was found that the OHV increaseD as the concentration of H2O2 increased. The total weight loss for WCO-based polyol by using TGA is 86.89%. and functionality obtained from GC-MS is 2.44. This study showed that the chosen reaction is suitable for synthesis of WCO-based polyol and WCO exhibit promising potential as raw material for polyol formation
Nilai Pendidikan Karakter Bersahabat/Komunikatif dan Peduli Sosial Dalam Novel Origami Hati Karya Boy Candra
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter bersahabat/komunikatif dan peduli sosial dalam novel Origami Hati karya Boy Candra. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpul dengan menggunakan metode baca dan catat dan analisa deskriptif kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 13 nilai pendidikan karakter bersahabat/komunikatif dan 10 nilai pendidikan karakter peduli sosial. Nilai pendidikan karakter bersahabat/komunikatif dominan digambarkan oleh tokoh Citra. Sedangkan nilai pendidikan katakter peduli sosial dominan digambarkan oleh tokoh Nenek Aruna. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai-nilai pendidikan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan ajar pembelajaran sastra dalam teks novel pada jenjang SMA/MA/SMK/MAK.</jats:p
Synthesis, Characterization And Anti-Mycobacterial Activity Of New 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives
No full textA total of 20 new 2-alkylbenzysulfanyl-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles derivatives (5a-j and 6a-j) were synthesized in four-step reaction pathways from carboxylic acid analogues as the starting materials, with moderate (40%) to excellent yields (92 %). These compounds continued a wide range of substituents including electron donating as well as electron-withdrawing groups. All these compounds were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Some of the synthesized compounds were assayed for anti-mycobacterial activity against surrogate tuberculosis organisms (Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis H3Ra). Fourteen compounds exhibited inhibition against M. smegmatis with MIC values in the range of 25-1600 μg/mL. Results of anti-mycobacterial assay against M. smegmatis showed that only 5c and 5d had good inhibition with MIC and MBC values of 78 μM and 68 μM, respectively. Some of the compounds showed moderate to weak inhibition. Interaction study of the respective compounds 5c and 5d with isoniazid against M. smegmatis using the checkerboard method produced an additive interaction. The time-kill assay on the combination of compounds 5c and 5d with INH against M. smegmatis produced a higher killing rate compared to drug INH at the end of the period of study which are 88.22 % and 77.10 %, respectively. Therefore, compounds 5c and 5d are potential anti-tuberculosis drug candidates
Design, Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of Some Novel Spiro Derivatives By 1,3-Cycloaddition Reaction
No full textSynthesis of polycyclic compounds having spiro nucleus has attracted the attention of synthetic organic chemists because of their highly pronounced biological activities such as antiviral,
antimicrobial etc. Therefore, the development of new, rapid, and clean synthetic routes of such compounds is of great importance to both medicinal and synthetic chemists. The 1,3-dipolarcycloaddition
reactions are proved to be an efficient method for regio and stereo selective synthesis of structurally complex spiro heterocycles from relatively simple precursors. Molecular docking
provides a consistent and more precise picture of the interaction of biologically active molecules at the receptor level thereby facilitating the designing of novel therapeutic agents. Therefore, potency of
the spiro compounds (4i) was evaluated preliminary through the molecular docking studies. Later substitutions were made in the reference molecule to get the potent compounds
