332 research outputs found
Digital twin for ship life-cycle: A critical systematic review
No full textThe focus on digitalisation in manufacturing is spreading to other industry fields, including large and complex objects like ships. Such interest introduces the concept of Digital Twins in supporting designers and operators through the whole ship-life cycle. However, the term Digital Twin is typically abused in the shipping industry, many times erroneously referring to any virtual version of a model-based system as a Digital Twin of the ship. The mutual data exchange between the physical and virtual environment, which is the basis of a true Digital Twin, is mostly missing, confusing a virtual model with a sophisticated living virtual environment. Few reviews are available in the literature for Digital Twins on ships. This systematic review proposes the identification of weaknesses and correlations between current Digital Twin applications in the maritime industry and other industry fields. Furthermore, the methodology applied here may be repeated in future studies to provide a fair and objective overview of the research advancements in the topic. The study highlighted how literature scarcely addresses the design and decommissioning phases, indicating that research should focus on these topics, especially concerning the design of future ships.</p
Kuinka kana laihtuu näyttämöllä?
No full textTiivistelmä
Opinnäytetyössään tekijä suunnitteli ja valmisti Kuopion kaupunginteatterin Pekka Töpöhäntä- näytelmään näyttämällä laihtuvan puvun kana- roolihahmolle. Hän kävi läpi tiiviin suunnitteluvaiheen aloittaen tutustumalla kanojen maailmaan. Tästä hän jatkoi pukusuunnittelijan kanssa yhteistyössä valiten parhaat luonnokset.
Haastavin osuus työssä oli kehitellä mekanismi, jolla kana saatiin lyhyessä kohtauksessa nopeasti laihtumaan näyttämöllä. Saatuaan vinkkejä kokeneelta näyttämötrikkien tekijältä Fabricius päätti kehitellä laihtumista ilman avulla. Hän valmisti trikoisen ilmapussin, käsitteli sen ilmatiiviiksi ja kiinnitti siihen venttiilit sekä täyttämistä – että tyhjentämistä varten. Työryhmän kanssa valmistettu systeemi toimi ja kana laihtui hyvissä ajoin ennen ensi-iltaa.
Fabricius suunnitteli ja valmisti kanan pukuun myös pyrstön, mekon ja villatakin siipineen. Lisäksi pukuun kuuluivat myös päähine ja jalkojen päällykset.
Opinnäytetyöprosessi oli tekijälleen intensiivinen ja monivaiheinen kokemus. Työskentelystä hän piti erityisesti sillä se oli vaihtelevaa ja mielenkiintoista sekä siksi, että hän sai olla tulevana ammattilaisena ammattilaisten joukossa. Prosessi vahvisti hänen uskoa omiin kykyihinsä.
Työstään teatterilla hän sai hyvää palautetta ja myös kana näyttämöllä sai yleisöltä ihastuneita kommentteja.Abstract
In her thesis the author designed and produced a chicken costume that loses weight on stage for the play called Pekka Töpöhäntä at the city theatre of Kuopio. She went through an intense design phase which she started out by getting to know the world of chicken. Then she continued together with the stage designer by choosing the best sketches.
The most challenging part of the work was to make a mechanism that would get the chicken lose weight in a short scene on stage. After being advised by an experienced maker of stage tricks, she decided to work with losing weight with an air-system. She made a big bag out of jersey, treated it to be airtight and added valves to inflate it and let the air out. This system produced with the working team was operational and the chicken did lose weight in plenty of time before the premier.
The author designed and produced for the costume a tail, dress and cardigan with wings. The dress also included a head-gear and cover for the feet.
The process of making a thesis was for the maker an intensive and eclectic experience. She liked her work because it was varied and interesting and also because she got to work with professionals. It made her believe in her talent.
She received good feedback from the theatre and the chicken was loved by the audience.Työn konkreettisena tuloksena syntyi näyttämöllä laihtuva kana, jonka puku sekä tekniikka ovat Kuopion kaupunginteatterin hallussa
Makna Persahabatan Dalam Lagu Kana Nishino Best Friendâ€
No full textABSTRACT: A song it is said to become popular if is known and loved almost throughout the world. Each song has different meanings and intentions, according to the purpose of the author. Kana Nishino is popular Japanese musician who create many hit songs in Japan. One of her songs which is she created Best Friend" about friendship become popular song. That is the basis of the writer to research, analyze, and prove whether Best Friend†has eight characteristics of friendship according to De Vito's theory. The author uses a descriptive method by examining the lyrics of Best Friend†as well as the meaning of friendship. From this research indicate that the friendship shown in the song lyrics of Kana Nishino Best Friend†has eight characteristics of friendship according to De Vito's theory
PENERAPAN MODEL ARCS-V (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, Satisfaction, dan Volition) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN HURUF KANA
No full textPermasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini bermula dari kesulitan pembelajar bahasa Jepang dalam mempelajari huruf kana (hiragana dan katakana). Pembelajar bahasa Jepang mengalami kesulitan yang berkaitan dengan sulitnya dalam mengingat huruf, kesulitan dalam membaca, kesulitan dalam menulis, dan kesulitan dalam membedakan huruf. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, penulis mencoba model ARCS-V dalam pembelajaran huruf Kana. Penelitian ini memilih sampelnya adalah pembelajar bahasa Jepang kelas X SMA Negeri 1 Jonggol. Hasil analisis data diketahui bahwa, hasil analisis perbandingan nilai pretest dan posttest melalui perhitungan t-tes menunjukkan bahwa metode ini sangat signifikan. Selain itu, penerapan metode ini mendapat tanggapan positif, karena dianggap lebih menarik, mudah dipahami, dan dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar bahasa Jepang. ;---Issues raised in this study stems from the difficulty in studying the Japanese language learners kana (hiragana and katakana). Japanese language learners experiencing difficulties related to the difficulty in remembering letters, difficulty in reading, difficulty in writing, and the difficulty in distinguishing letter. To overcome these problems, the author try to model ARCS-V in learning Kana letters. This study chose the sample Japanese language learners class X SMA Negeri 1 Jonggol. The results of data analysis known that, the results of a comparative analysis of the value pretest and posttest through t-test calculations show that this method is very significant. In addition, the application of these methods get a positive response, because it is considered more attractive, easier to understand, and to increase the motivation to learn Japanese
Preliminary Study on the Kana Hōgo in an Early Zen Text Newly Found at Shinpuku-ji 真福寺
No full text110009359796One of the most amazing aspects of this newly found text is to find the mention of the name of Nōnin 能忍, the founder of the Daruma school 達磨宗. The text consists in an address to Nōnin, publishing Zen texts for propagation, 5 sheets of blank paper, and a catechism written in Chinese characters and katakana, which is called Kana hōgo. In this study, I edit the Kana hōgo text into kanji and hiragana in accordance with modern conventions. The preliminary findings of my study on the Kana hōgo include the following points: (1) Content-wise, the Kana hōgo consists in five parts. (2) Defects in the practice of seated meditation (zazen 坐禪) are expounded in detail. The defects are very similar to the same teachings of Dahui 大慧. (3) The practice of kōan公案is not mentioned. Zazen without kōan 公案as a practice for beginners might have been used in the Hōtō school法燈派. (4) The concept of ʻno mind, no thoughtʼ (mushin munen 無心無念) is very similar to ʻno thought, no mindʼ (munen mushin無念無心) in the Hōtō school. (5) The answerer in the Kana hōgo criticizes seven kinds of the person (or groups) who expouse wrong views on Buddhism. The description of one of them appears to refer to the (or some of the) followers of the Daruma school. My preliminary conclusion is that the basic doctrines of the Kana hōgo are similar to those taught by Dahui and the Hōtō school. There are, however, some differences, such as the absence of kōan in the Kana hōgo. The reference to Nōninʼ s name seems to indicate some relation to the Daruma school, but it is still premature to draw definitive conclusions as to its nature as well as to the author (s) of the Kana hōgo. For this, we need to further deepen our understanding of the history and philosophy of the Daruma school.departmental bulletin pape
Aplikasi metode Material Requirement Planning (MRP) pada CV. Kana permadi dalam merencanakan kebutuhan bahan baku
No full textThe global pandemic of the Covid-19 virus has resulted in high demand for face masks as a means of personal protection against the transmission of the virus. Several Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have started to produce their cloth masks because it is increasingly challenging to obtain surgical masks/medical masks. The planning of raw materials can determine the efficiency of production costs and profits from this business. Material Requirement Planning (MRP) is a system or concept used to manage raw material demand planning to meet the expected quantity of raw materials in production is called Material Requirement Planning (MRP). In this research, the author wants to help SMEs, especially CV. Kana Permadi is engaged in making cloth masks to manage the use of their raw materials optimally. They can reduce the cost of raw material inventory and obtain maximum profit by applying the MRP method. In addition, the authors want to know the effect of MRP on the planning of the raw material inventory of the cloth mask product. This study uses the MRP method with the EOQ technique to predict the number of raw material needs for the next period. Exponential Smoothing and Least Squares methods are used. The study results obtained the total cost of planning raw materials CV. Kana Permadi, with the conventional way from April 2020 to March 2021, is IDR 258,763,200 while using the MRP method with the EOQ technique, and the inventory cost is only IDR 46,827,179. So that the application of EOQ techniques on inventory management CV. Kana Permadi in producing cloth masks resulted in inventory cost savings of Rp.211,936,021. In addition, this study proves that the MRP technique can be used in various industries, including MSMEs engaged in convection, such as the production of cloth masks
The Letter in Kana Characters Inscribed on Reverse of a Document among the “Tonan-in Archives” Preserved in the Shoso-in
No full textThis article is a study, from the viewpoint of the history of calligraphy, of a letter written in kana (Japanese syllabaries) on the reverse side of a copy of a ge (document from a governmental office to a higher governmental office) from the governor of Inaba Province dated the 2nd day of the 11th month of the year Engi 5 (A.D. 905). This ge is found in the first part of the 2nd scroll in the 4th box of the “Tōnan-in Archives” preserved in the Middle Section of the Shōsō-in Repository of Imperial Treasures in Nara.
The letter under discussion, which appears to be by a female hand, is hard to decipher, and it does not bear the date of copying nor the name of the copyist. This study is therefore concentrated on how the letter reads and when it was copied.
The letter, or more exactly the sheet of paper on which the letter had been written, was utilized to supplement the shortage of writing-paper (i. e. to use the plain side) at the time of making a copy of the ge. If we know when the ge was copied, therefore, it becomes known that the letter is earlier than that date. Because the date of copying is unknown we have to study first of all when it was done. The document is related to a dispute between the Tōdai-ji Temple and the courtier Fujiwara Arizane concerning the jurisdiction over an estate at Takaniwa, Takakusa-gun in Inaba Province (now Tottori Prefecture). Researches on the procedure of this dispute suggest that the ge was copied either in the 5th year of Engi (905) or by the 12th or 13th year of the same era (912–913) or some time during the Enchō to Tengyō and Tenryaku eras (923–956). From the calligraphic style the resent author is led to attribute it to the lastmentioned period, namely between the 3rd and 6th decades of the 10th century.
The author then tries to guess the age of the kana letter in the light of the early history of kana writing. Due to insufficiency of known materials, however, the history of kana calligraphy in the first half of the 10th century has not yet been established, and the author had to begin with classifying them in order to get a rough survey of kana script of this period. Through his research it has been made known that in this field of writing in the first half of the 10th century there existed, side by side and often mixed up, two different ways of writing: one following the traditional mode, that is, to write in the so script with each character written separately from the ones above and below (doku sō or “separate” style), and the other in what was probably a new way, i. e. to write in the sō and hira-gana scripts with the characters of words, phrases or sentences in continuing strokes (remmen or “continued and entangling” style). (Translator's note: The sō script, as referred to in literature of the time, is a simplified form of cursive style of Chinese ideographs, to be read in Japanese-style pronunciation and each character standing for one sound or syllable, from which hira-gana or Japanese syllabaries seem to have evolved. That is to say, it is a script transitional from Chinese ideographs to hira-gana syllabaries. It should not be confused with the sō or cursive style of writing as contrasted with kai, gyō and other such terms referring to the flourishing, angular, iutermediate and cursive styles.) The fact can be interpreted to illustrate a still immature stage of development in kana writing during the first half of the 10th century, contrasting with the fully progressed kana calligraphy in the late 10th to the 11th and 12th centuries. The “separate” and “continuing” styles appear to have been maintained firmly as two different ways of writing, the former probably for male writers and the latter for female. When we take these circumstances into consideration and attach due importance on the rather “continuing” aspect of the letter under discussion, and when we note that the brush work in this letter shows characteristics in common with that of a chō (report from an official to an upper governmental office) from Tamba Province dated the 22nd day of the 9th month of the year Shōhei 2 (A. D. 932), we are led to regard led to regard the age of this letter to be in about the Shōhei era (931-938). If so it is the old existing example of a letter in kana writing.journal articl
A clinical study on Neer Kana Maantham (Acute Naso Pharyngitis) with the evaluation of siddha drug Oma Kudineer
No full textThe disease Neer Kana Mantham was taken for the clinical study with Oma kudineer as internal medicine. For the clinical study, 40 patients were selected based on Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. The study is conducted after the drug being screened by the Screening committee and the trial is also approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC). Animal studies are carried out after obtaining proper permission from the Institutional Animal Ethical Committee (IAEC). Hence the study is safely executed on human volunteer patients and there was no adverse drug reactions noted during the study period. 40 children with Neer kana maantham diagnosed clinically treated in out patient department of Arignar Anna Hospital of Indian Medicine,Chennai-106. They were observed for clinical improvement, laboratory investigation done and treated with trial drug.
I like to summarize this study with the following highlights.
The efficacies of the trial drug Oma kudineer were studied and observed in this study.
Clinical Diagnosis of Neer kana maantham was done on the basis of clinical features described in Bala vagadam(siddha pediatric book).
The cost of the trial medicines are low,comparatively economic. These drugs are easily available and the dosage is also convenient.
The potency of the trial drug were studied by phytochemical analysis. physico chemical analysis and pharmacological analysis.
phytochemical analysis of the trial drug reveals that the presence of Alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, triterpnoids, tannins, phenols& proteins.
The physico chemical analysis of the trial drug shows the PH-6, and Ash value - 2.44%, So it shows the safe and effectiveness of the drug.
The Pharmacological analysis of the drug reveals that it possesses convincing Anti-inflammatory property.
Among the 40% cases treated, 80% cases had shown Good improvement, 15% cases had shown Moderate improvement, 5% had shown Mild improvement.
Observation made during the clinical study showed that the trial drug was clinically effective and has no adverse effect.
CONCLUSION:
Neer kana Maantham is a common disease in children and mainly caused by derangement of kaba kuttram. In this clinical study Oma kudineer was taken as Internal drug respectively. The deranged kabam is settled down by the kaarppu suvai in the trial medicine there by the medicine acts as Ethirurai maruthuvam to cure the disease. Toxicological studies showed no acute toxicity. The drug has got Anti inflammatory activity. The cost of the trial medicines are low. During the clinical study no adverse events were observed.
The clinical study confirms the efficacy of the trial drugs by reducing the clinical signs and symptoms like Cough, cold, running nose, Fever, and loss of appetite. Clinical study results found to be Good in 80% cases, Moderate in 15% cases, and Mild in 5% cases. The Clinical trial conducted in selected patients was satisfactory and encouraging. The trial medicine is effective for Neer kana Maantham in children. Through this study, the effectiveness of trial drug is confirmed and re-established by the author and concluded that the TRIAL drug “OMA KUDINEER” is effective in treatment of acute naso pharyngitis (common cold).
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION
Neer kana Maantham is a common disease in children and mainly caused by derangement of kaba kuttram. In this clinical study Oma kudineer was taken as Internal drug respectively.The deranged kabam is settled down by the kaarppu suvai in the trial medicine there by the medicine acts as Ethirurai maruthuvam to cure the disease.Toxicological studies showed no acute toxicity. The drug has got Anti inflammatory activity .The cost of the trial medicines are low .During the clinical study no adverse events were observed.
The clinical study confirms the efficacy of the trial drugs by reducing the clinical signs and symptoms like Cough, cold, running nose ,Fever, and loss of appetite. Clinical study results found to be Good in 80% cases, Moderate in 15% cases, and Mild in 5% cases .The Clinical trial conducted in selected patients was satisfactory and encouraging. The trial medicine is effective for Neer kana Maantham in children. Through this study, the effectiveness of trial drug is confirmed and re-established by the author and concluded that the TRIAL drug “OMA KUDINEER” is effective in treatment of acute naso pharyngitis (common cold)
Analysis of evacuation performance of early stage ship designs using a Markov-Decision-Process model
No full textThis thesis research is conducted on behalf of the Delft University of Technology and Bureau Veritas Rotterdam BV, and the goal is to improve ship evacuation by analyzing this aspect early on in the design process. First, this summary will provide a background on the difficulties involved with the ship evacuation process . Next, an explanation is given why this thesis proposes a different model. And lastly, how this model is validated is elaborated upon.A ship evacuation is a highly complex process and it is one of the most important aspects concerning the safety of crew and passengers on-board. This process is affected by various factors, largely by the general arrangement. The layout of a ship varies throughout the design period but the most design freedom occurs during the early stage. An estimated 90% of the decisions which have major impact on final design have been made in this stage. As a result, this stage holds the most potential to improve the ship evacuation performance. This stage is characterized by a lack of detailed layout information available, which results in reduced accuracy in evacuation prediction. As of 1st of July 2020 all passenger ships with more than 36 passengers have to perform an evacuation analysis based on guidelines created by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The guidelines describe two methods, a simplified method for the early design stage, and an advanced method for the detailed or final design stage. The simplified method translates the ship design to a hydraulic network which in turn results in various method limitations. The goal of an evacuation analysis is, among other things, to provide the designer with information about possible congestion points, identify areas of counter- and cross flows, prove that the escape arrangements are sufficiently flexible, and prove that the evacuation time does not exceed a threshold.Evacuation models capable of performing an evacuation analysis tend to have four general components that define the various aspects influencing the process. The four components are configuration, environmental, procedural, and behavior component. Including evacuee behavior in an evacuation model tends to be difficult due to the complexity and lack of research available. Evacuation models can be categorized using various descriptors however resolution tends to dominate. High resolution models are called macroscopic models whereas low resolution models are called microscopic models. Microscopic models simulate each individual evacuee as an agent with certain attributes, such as walking speed and destination. Most early stage evacuation analysis are macroscopic models and simulate the population as a whole. A different macroscopic approach is proposed by Kana and Singer, which uses probability theory to incorporate the stochastic nature of an evacuation process. This method consists of a Markov-Decision-Process (MDP) to calculate the most probable evacuation routes. Policies are determined for each small geometric area, called a state, in the layout. These policies affect evacuation routes. The evacuation process can then be simulated by using the MDP policies and an initial population distribution. The initial population distributions are defined by the Fire Safety Systems Code. Design variations can be compared based on the calculated optimal routes, the time it takes for the process to converge, and how the population is distributed among the exits. A lack of literature is noticed that investigates the relationship between early stage ship design and the ship evacuation performance. Two different studies were found which can be used to validate the MDP methodology. The first validation study determines which exit configuration is most optimal from an egress perspective. Kurdi et al. defined four different layouts for two population sizes. Having exits on all sides was determined to be the most efficient layout. The MDP model consisted of the same setup as the validation study. The MDP method is able to identify the same exit configuration as most efficient based on the population distributed among the exits and simulation convergence times. The second validation study evaluates two different frigate layouts with varying passageway configuration. One layout has a single passageway throughout the ship. The other layout has a parallel passageway configuration. Casarosa applied a microscopic model to calculate a range of performance metrics for 7 different scenarios. All evacuees were modeled as singular agents with different behavior and objectives. 3 out of 7 scenarios were emergency scenarios, where only 1 scenario corresponds with the MDP assumptions. Discrepancy between models is considered as a result of limited, and confidential, layout information used by Casarosa. The MDP method was able to differentiate between the two layout configurations and can identify critical areas in the layout. However, due to the assumptions, it cannot be determined to what extend the method inputs were similar. Nevertheless, both validation studies showed the potential of using a Markov-Decision-Process based method to evaluate early stage ship designs on evacuation performance.<br/
Technical and economical feasibility study on reducing CO2 emissions of Dutch beam trawlers
No full textInternational and local legislation on emission reduction urge the Dutch beam trawler fleet to reduce the use of fossil fuels. In 2015 the United Nations Paris Agreement was signed and as a result IMO and EU set the objective to reduce the GHG or CO2 emissions of the shipping industry. The Dutch beam trawlerhas been confronted with many developments within the last decade that reduced the profitability. Two developments that stand out are: (1) Brexit: the Brexit resulted in a significant reduction in available fishing grounds, (2) Ban on pulse fishing: this method of fishing reduced the operational expenses with30% to 40%, but is banned by the EU. Al a result to these developments in combination with upcoming (inter)national legislation, the Dutch government introduced a plan ”Noordzee visie” to help vessel owners to reduce their environmental impact. To continue fishing a Dutch beam trawler therefor has to take measurements to comply with these regulations. It will be inevitable to implement the use of sustainable fuels together with energy saving technologies. Vessel owners want to implement these, but without sacrificing operational effectiveness. Therefor it is required to find how different propulsion configuration which are able to reduce CO2 will influence the technical and economical performance of a Dutch trawler.This research consists of two parts: (1) Literature study and (2) Result processing. Within the literature study the current state of a Dutch beam trawler is defined. Secondly potential converters, energy carriers and energy reduction methods are identified which show potential. At last an assessment model is build to find the influence of available propulsion configurations. The technical feasibility is determined by the configuration being able to comply with: operational effectiveness requirements, maximum added draught, maximum added length, and being able to reduce the CO2 emission with at least 40%. The economical performance of the configurations is assessed by three performanceindicators: (1) yearly operational requirements, (2) Capital expenses of configuration and at last (3) Total cost of ownership.The operational profile of the vessel is divided into two parts: The long cycle is the time from sailing out from port, the fishing and the return into port. The short cycle is the fishing cycle it the repetition of setting, fishing and hauling the nets. Two types of long cycles exist a 100hr and a 160 hour per week. The short cycle on average takes 2.5 hours. Based on reliability, price and safety aspects multiple converter, energy carriers and energy reduction methods are found for this research. To store the required energy carrier volume including tank arrangement this system examines potential of combining original fuel tank volume together with: net store, fish hold or hull extension.With the literature study finished the assessment model produces the following outputs.Technical feasibility: The findings indicate that mono battery configurations are not feasible due to exceeding weight and volume limitations. Fuels like HVO and FAME are technically viable if recognized as zero-emission fuels by the IMO. Hybrid propulsion configurations using MGO-H2(l) and DF-H2(l) arefeasible for all propeller types due to their higher energy density compared to liquid H2. Implementing waste heat recovery or regenerative braking systems, or a combination of both, does not solely determine achieving the 40% CO2 emission reduction target.Economical feasibility: Depending on the amount of available financial resources in year 2023, available subsidy and to what extent one is willing to take risks, the following conclusions can be made for different categories of initial capital expenses. Lower capital expenditure options opt for HVO and FAME, due to their MGO similarity, which result in low capital investments. Since the TTW emission of bio fuels is sensitive to regulations the dual fuel methanol configuration with a 4.0m diameter propeller is an option which requires more initial investment, but is less sensitive to regulations and therefor more future ready. With initial investments above €2.0M the combination of 4.0m propeller, together withOrcan WHR and regenerative winch braking, the 100hr cycle performance best for MGO-Hydrogen configuration and the Continuous cycles performance best for a new build beam trawler. Taking into account the remaining value in the TCO a new build beam trawler outperforms all retrofit options, only in the long term 15+ year due to low maintenance and operational expenses.Marine Technolog
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