12 research outputs found
Sifat Anatomi dan Sifat Fisika Kayu Mindi (Melia azedarach Linn) dari Hutan Rakyat di Yogyakarta
No full textAnatomical and Physical Properties of Mindi Wood (Melia azedarach Linn) from Community Forest in YogyakartaInformation about mindi wood characteristics is very limited while utilisation of this wood on our society is very extensive. Better knowledge on anatomical and physical wood properties of mindi wood optimizes its utilization. Therefore, this study aims to identify anatomical (macroscopic and microscopic) and physical (moisture content, specific gravity and dimensional changes) wood properties of mindi taken from community forests around Yogyakarta. The macroscopic structural characteristics results showed that annual ring appeared clearly at transversal surface, having single vessel, vasicentric and diffuse parenchyma, rough texture, straight fiber direction, and no resin canal. Cell proportion of wood showed that fibers occupy more than 44%, followed by vessel (20%), parenchyma (19%) and rays (15%). Wood fiber dimension showed fiber length of 0.83 mm, fiber diameter of 14.57µ, and cell wall thickness of 2.50µ. Physical wood properties showed that mindi has 31% moisture content and 0.416 of basic specific gravity. Wood shrinkage from green to kilndry on longitudinal was 3.94 %, tangensial 5.74 %, and radial 2.60 %, with T/R ratio 2.38. Based on T/R ratio value, mindi wood is not recommended for wood construction due to its low dimensional stability. Furthermore, mindi wood also has high longitudinal wood shrinkage and low specific gravity indicating juvenility
Studi Perbandingan Metode Sampling Bor Riap dengan Disk untuk Pengukuran Proporsi dan Dimensi Serat Kayu Sengon Salomon (Paraserianthes falcataria, (L.) Nielsen) Comparative Study of Two Types Sampling Method for Measuring Cell Proportion and Fiber Dimension on Sengon Salomon Wood (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen)
No full textThe objective of this research was to determine the differentiation on the measurement result of cell proportion and fiber dimension that caused by the different of sampling methods. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Wood Structure and Properties, Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University.The research designed with completely random design composed by factorial experiment, which considered two factors, namely: 1) Sampling methods: disk method and drill method, and 2) Radial distribution: center/pitch, center-bark and near bark. Analysis of variance was conducted in order to evaluate the variation in all data of two factors mentioned above. The relationship between sampling method and radial distribution was also evaluated. The data variables were: fiber length, cell diameter, lumen diameter, cell wall thickness, and the proportion of vessel, rays, fiber and parenchyma. The observation on fiber length was conducted by using light microscope or scanning electron microscope. The observation on cell proportion was conducted by using photomicroscope and dot grid.The results of the research showed that the different of sampling methods have not any influenced to the measurement result of cell proportion and fiber dimension on Sengon wood. Whereas the radial distribution of wood has significant influenced in fiber dimension, especially in fiber length and cell wall thickness, but in cell proportion, radial distribution has not influenced
Analisis sifat anatomi dan sifat fisika untuk melukiskan zonasi kayu Juvenil dan kayu dewasa pada kayu cemara (Casuarina equisetifolia L.f)
No full textVARIASI DIMENSI SERAT DALAM DAN ANTAR LINGKARAN TAHUN PADA KAYU JATI DARI HUTAN RAKYAT KULON PROGO
No full textWood has charateristics of variation differentiated by several factors. One of
factors is due to the process of wood forming by cambium. The variation of wood
characteristics on the tree is in axial and ra dial location. Radial variation is a wood
anatomical characteristic variation based on the wood position from pith to the bark.
On the other hand, radial variation is distinguished by within annual ring and among
annual rings. Fiber dimension is one of the parameter of the anatomical
characteristics supporting other characters. Nowadays are lacking of study about fiber
dimension variation within and among annual ring especially for teak wood
remembering teak wood is one of primary species in Indonesia forest. Because of
that, it is important to do a research to get the information about the fiber dimension.
This research is aimed to know information about the trend of fiber dimension
variation both within and among annual ring and also to find out juvenile time based
on fiber dimension parameter. The sample used three teak woods on 17 age average
in 2009 year of cutting and sample collecting plot was used every 1 mm in annual
ring. The data was collected using regression and correlation to know the relation of
fiber dimension with the radial position.
The research shows that the fiber dimension variation of teak wood within
annual ring clearly seen only in the fiber length parameter and fiber thickness. On the
length of fiber dimension variation is increasing from late wood to middle border and
then decreasing to the direction of early wood. The fiber dimension variation of
among teak wood is clearly seen on four parameters where are increasing near pith to
near bark. Juvenile zoning on teak wood based on the four parameters of fiber
dimension shows teak wood still is in the juvenile period because of the trend of fiber
dimensions. They are consisted of fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter and
fiber thickness which are still increasing without stability
VARIASI PROPORSI SEL DAN DIMENSI SERAT KAYU GMELINA (Gmelina arborea Roxb.) JENIS PERMUDAAN BIJI DAN TRUBUSAN PADA ARAH RADIAL DARI BOJONEGORO
No full textThe silviculture system of Gmelina arborea Roxb. can be done by
generative or vegetative regeneration. One method of vegetative regeneration is a
coppice method but not much data collection about wood anatomy research from
different tree regeneration. In order for optimal uses of wood, so we need to know
about cells proportion and fiber dimensions of wood from coppice method.
This study used Completely Randomized Design with two factors namely
regeneration method (seed and coppice method) and radial position by each
centimeter from pith to bark (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, and R9) with two
replications. Parameters which tested involve proportion of cells (vessel, parenchyma,
rays, fiber) and fiber dimensions (fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter, and
fiber wall thickness). All parameters will be evaluated using SPSS Statistical
Program. Preparation of test samples followed the LPHH guidance.
The result of this study showed that proportion of vessel, parenchyma, rays,
and fiber from seed regeneration in consecutively is 7,54%, 11,47%, 24,60%, and
56,39%. Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter, and fiber wall thickness from
seed regeneration is 0,968 mm, 22,22 μm, 19,91 μm, and 1,156 μm. The average
proportion of vessel, parenchyma, rays, and fiber from coppice method is 8,652%,
10,48%, 19,84%, and 61,03%. The value of fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen
diameter, and fiber wall thickness in consecutively is 1,080 mm, 21,38 μm, 19,13
μm, and 1,124 μm. The regeneration method factor was significant affected on rays
proportion, fiber proportion, and fiber length. Radial variation by each centimeter
factor was not significant affected on wood cells proportion and fiber dimension
VARIASI PROPORSI SEL DAN DIMENSI SERAT PADA LETAK AKSIAL DAN RADIAL KAYU AKASIA HIBRIDA (Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium) DARI WONOGIRI
No full textAcacia auriculiformis and Acacia mangium have advantages and also
disadvantages respectively. One of efforts to obtain a better species than these two
species is through obtaining natural hybrid between these species, however the
study on wood anatomical variation from natural hybrid between A.
auriculiformis and A. mangium is rarely conducted. Therefore, need to know
macroscopic and microscopic characteristic, cell proportion and also wood fiber
dimension from this natural hybrid in order to optimizing utilization of wood
This study used completely randomized design with 2 factors, they are
axial direction (base, in the middle and end) and radial direction (near the pith, in
the middle and near the bark) of wood trunk. The parameters observed were
macroscopic and microscopic characteristic of acacia hybrid wood. The parameter
tested were cell proportion (vessel, parenchyma, ray and fiber) and fiber
dimension (fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter and fiber wall thickness).
The results of parameters were analyzed using the SPSS statistical program.
Preparation of test samples followed the LPHH guidance.
The anatomical features results showed that the wood of acacia hybrid has
characteristics as follows : fine and moderate texture, straight grain and the
growth ring was not appear. Vessel diameter about 98,47 � 133,43 μm with 5-
7/mm2 frequency and the arrangement was solitary � radial multiple. Multiseriate
ray, height about 194,04 � 221,25 μm and axial parenchyma was vasisentric
paratrakheal. The results of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics acacia
hybrid showed that the wood of acacia hybrid closer to the characteristics of A.
auriculiformis than A. mangium. Based on this research, acacia hybrid at the age
of three years is still in the juvenile wood. Axial direction factor was significant
affected on the value of fiber length. Radial direction factor was significant
affected on the value of fiber length, fiber diameter and lumen diameter. Both
axial and radial factors were not significant affected on cell proportion
Pengaruh Kecepatan Pertumbuhan terhadap Sifat Fisika dan Mekanika Kayu Acacia Mangium Umur 4 Tahun Asal Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah
No full textKebutuhan masyarakat akan kayu solid yang semakin meningkat, memberikan peluang bagi jenis pohon cepat tumbuh seperti Acacia mangium untuk digunakan sebagai bahan semi konstruksi maupun konstruksi. Secara umum, kualitas kayu dipengaruhi oleh sifat pertumbuhan terutama kecepatan pertumbuhan. Pengaruh kecepatan pertumbuhan terhadap sifat-sifat kayu mangium belum banyak di diteliti. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisika dan mekanika kayu mangium pada kecepatan tumbuh yang berbeda serta hubungan antara kerapatan dasar dengan sifat-sifat lain yang diuji. Sembilan pohon mangium umur 4 tahun yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berasal dari Kabupaten Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah. Adapun sifat-sifaf kayu yang diuji adalah kerapatan dasar, perubahan dimensi, rasio T/R, keteguhan lengkung statis (MOE dan MOR), keteguhan tekan sejajar dan tegak lurus serat. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh diuji dengan one-way ANOVA. Sebagai hasilnya, sifat fisika dan mekanika kayu yang diuji menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata pada tiga kategori kecepatan tumbuh yang berbeda, kecuali pada penyusutan radialnya. Selanjutnya, kerapatan dasar berkorelasi positif secara signifikan terhadap penyusutan radial dan tangensial serta kekuatan tekan sejajar dan tegak lurus serat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kerapatan dasar merupakan indikatoryang bagus untuk mempredikasi sifat fisika dan mekanika kayu mangium. Effect of Growth Rate on Physical and Mechanical Properties of 4-year-old Acacia mangium Wood from Wonogiri, Central JavaAbstractIncreasing solid wood demand provides an opportunity to fast-growing wood species such as Acacia mangium as semi construction and construction materials. In general, the quality of wood is affected by growth characteristics such as radial growth rate. The study about effect of growth rate on the properties of mangium wood is limited in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the physical and mechanical properties of mangium wood at different growth rates. Furthermore, relationship between basic density and other properties was clarified. The nine mangium trees of 4-year-old used in this study were planted in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java. Basic density, shrinkage, T/R ratio, static bending strength (MOE and MOR), compressive strength parallel and perpendicular to grain were determined. The results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. As a result, the physical and mechanical properties of the woods showed no significant difference in three different categories of growth rates, except for radial shrinkage. Furthermore, the basic density is positively significant correlated with radial and tangential shrinkage and also compressive strength parallel and perpendicular to grain. Based on these results, it is suggesting that basic density is a good indicator for predicting physical and mechanical properties of mangium wood
Karakteristik Serat Kayu Hibrid Acacia Auriculiformis X Acacia Mangium Sebagai Bahan Baku Pulp
No full textAcacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium hybrid (Aa x Am) is a promising Acacia hybrid for pulp. Wood properties of the hybrid have been reported for their physical and chemical characteristics, but the fiber characteristics have not been investigated. This study was aimed to investigate the fiber characteristics of the hybrid. Wood samples were collected from three years old of Aa x Am hybrid trees planted in a hybrid seed orchard. For comparison, wood sample from other three species: A. mangium x A. auriculiformis hybrid (Am x Aa), A. mangium and A. auriculformis on the same age, planted in the orchard were also collected. The wood sample was prepared from a slice which was put into a bottle containing a combination of acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide (perhidrol) in 1:20 (v/v) for observing fiber characteristics. The results showed that in general the fiber characteristics of Aa x Am hybrid were comparable to those of three comparison species. The average fiber dimensions were intermediate between the two parents: 0.85 mm, 16.09 µm, 12.56 µm and 1.7 µm for fiber length, fiber diameter, fiber lumen width and fiber wall thickness, respectively. The derived values were variable to three comparison species, with the Muhlstep ratio and flexibility coefficient were slightly lower than those observed in Am x Aa hybrid. Based on the level of fiber quality for pulp, the Aa x Am hybrid was classified as level II, the same level as A. mangium and hybrid AmM x Aa
KARAKTERISTIK SERAT KAYU HIBRID Acacia auriculiformis x Acacia mangium SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PULP
No full textWood Anatomical Features and Physical Properties of Fast Growing Red Meranti from Line Planting at Natural Forest of Central Kalimantan
No full textHigh productivity fast growing species plantation establishment such as the line planting of red meranti (i.e Shorealeprosula and Shorea parvifolia) with intensive silviculture is one potential solution to improve wood supply for industries in Indonesia. However, the information of anatomical properties and wood properties of these two species related to the influence of the line planting system and tree growth rate is limited. This paper studies the anatomical features, wood cell proportions, fiber dimensions and physical properties of wood in radial variation in relation to the line planting effect and tree growth rate. Wood of the trees grown in the line planting system showed higher proportion of vessel element compared to those of wood from natural forest. The vessel diameter of wood from the line planting was also larger than that of in wood from natural forest. The specific gravity of wood from Shorea parvifolia grown on the line planting was higher than that of wood grown in natural forest. The variation of specific gravity on wood portion near to the pith of Shorea leprosula and Shorea parvifolia trees grown on the line planting was related to the variation of the cell wall thickness. The bigger diameter of trees grown or the faster growth rate in the line of planting at the same age shows the greater vessel diameter in wood of Shorea leprosula and Shorea parvifolia and greater specific gravity of Shorea parvifolia wood
