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Kommunen der Zukunft - Zukunft der Kommunen
Get PDFKOMMUNEN DER ZUKUNFT - ZUKUNFT DER KOMMUNEN
Kommunen der Zukunft - Zukunft der Kommunen / Hammerschmid, Gerhard (Rights reserved) (-
Public administration reforms and outcomes across countries and policy areas
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Taking Stock: The Role of the Institutional Context for Local Government Financial Resilience
No full textFinancial resilience describes the ability of local governments to anticipate, absorb and react to shocks affecting their finances and service delivery. Resilience is the result of interactions in-between environmental conditions (institutional, economic and social context) local governments operate in as well as internal capacities (i.e. anticipatory and coping capacities). This chapter looks on mechanisms of how the institutional context influences local government’s ability to anticipate, absorb and react to financial shocks. Drawing upon empirical research on governmental financial resilience, the authors take stock of lessons learned from case studies in eleven countries as well as a large-scale quantitative survey of local governments in three major European economies (Germany, Italy and the UK) following the global financial crisis. The concise overview adds to the understanding of how rules, regulations and (austerity) policies of upper-governmental levels influence different dimensions of local government financial resilience and why the latter may play out very differently within a given country. The findings support a more general understanding of how local governments face shocks and crises and thus may offer initial clues on local government financial resilience in the global COVID-19 pandemi
Twins of the Alps: Comparing Autonomy of Federal Organizational Units in Austria and Switzerland
Get PDFFünfter Gremienbericht der Bundesregierung zum Bundesgremienbesetzungsgesetz: (Berichtszeitraum: 30. Juni 2005 bis 30. Juni 2009)
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Weniger Personal - mehr Aufgaben. Studie zur Entwicklung der Personaldichte kreisfreier Städte.
No full textIn Kommunen wird das Personal knapp, während gleichzeitig die Aufgabenlast wächst. Das Institut für den öffentlichen Sektor hat in einer Studie den deutlichen Personalrückgang in den kreisfreien Städten seit der Jahrtausendwende untersucht. Vor allem die Kommunen in den neuen Bundesländern haben ihr Personal im Verhältnis zur Einwohnerzahl und den zu erbringenden Aufgaben (Personaldichte) erheblich reduziert. Vor dem Hintergrund der Digitalisierung können sich für die Kommunen jedoch neue Möglichkeiten ergeben, die eigene Produktivität zu erhöhen. Durch die Automatisierung von Verwaltungsabläufen werden Ressourcen frei, die für Bürgerdienstleistungen eingesetzt werden können. Digitale Verfahren und Kommunikationskanäle sparen ebenfalls Zeit, auch für den Bürger als Kunden. Wie sich die steigende Aufgabenlast und sinkende Personalzahlen in den Kommunen auswirken und ob Digitalisierung ein Ausweg sein kann, wird in der Publikation diskutiert
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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