1,721,023 research outputs found
Negotiating water and citizenship in Copenhagen 1850–1950
No full textThe chapter shows Copenhagen’s welfare services and citizenship through water as a resource, and that this resource was, in a sense, affecting these categories. From the mid-1800s, emergent official offices became instrumental in defining the citizens through water management and large public investments, while water closets were opposed for reasons of private property. When this opposition was overcome and a coherent water system established, cleanliness for all became defining, and achievable, and bathing halls provided a place for the now more independent citizen to cleanse herself. With the mutation of bathing to swimming halls, a new contract was in place, where citizens could expect, and were expected to, participate in multiple water activities, sustaining the clean, healthy and happy urban welfare citizen
A tale of two tramways: Municipal organization and private enterprise in Stockholm and Kristiania, c. 1900
No full textAlternative paths to the welfare city (Riksbankens jubileumsfond
The people and the state:Nordic paths in state formation, 1500–1800
Get PDFConclusion to a volume on state formation from below in Nordic countries, 1500-1800:The relation between the state and the people is an equally precarious relationship. ‘Successful state formation,’ in which the central administration listens to its people, takes care of their needs, while at the same time manages to keep foreign competitors at bay, is a truly rare phenomenon in history. Scholars formulated generalities, such as countries with a rather high degree of commercialisation and urbanisation were more often characterised by a larger proportion of state formation from below. People made themselves heard in the ‘public sphere,’ the physical spaces, and media that permitted the debate and identification of political and societal problems by different groups in society. As the editors noted in the introduction, the transformation of this sphere was crucial for the interaction between state and people. Local priests acted as crucial intermediaries between the state and the people
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Kampen om det allmänna bästa : Konflikter om privat och offentlig drift i Stockholms stad under 400 år
No full textVilka samhällstjänster bör vi gemensamt ta ansvar för? Vem ska sköta exempelvis skatte indrivning, kollektivtrafik och äldreomsorg för det allmännas räkning?Motsättningen mellan egennyttan och det allmänna bästa har diskuterats under långa tider. I Kampen om det allmänna bästa utgår historikern Mats Hallenberg från Stockholmspolitiken och visar hur konflikterna om detta evigt aktuella ämne har tett sig under fyrahundra år.I det förmoderna samhället var det självklart att kung och överhet skulle avgöra vad som var av allmänt intresse men de praktiska göromålen kunde skötas av olika utförare: anställda tjänstemän, privata entreprenörer eller medborgarna själva. Från 1800-talets mitt började politikerna koppla samman idéer om rättvisa och modernitet med behovet av en offentligt styrd organisation. Denna utveckling bröts först under det sena 1900-talet då individens valfrihet i sig själv kunde definieras som det allmänna bästa och allt fler välfärdstjänster fördes över i privat regi.Boken sätter de politiska argumenten i centrum och ger ett historiskt perspektiv på de begrepp och tankefigurer som används i dagens debatt om vinster i välfärden.</p
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