379 research outputs found
Digital Radio Frequency Transport over Optical Fiber for 5G Fronthaul Links
No full textRadio over fiber (RoF) is an empowering technology for the next-generation wireless networks including fifth generation cloud radio access networks. In this paper, we propose a new fronthaul interface which has been demonstrated for a 20-MHz LTE signal having 64-Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) modulation over 50 km of standard single-mode fiber. The proposed methodology potentially reduces the overall bandwidth requirement of the link. The performance analysis has been demonstrated for conventional analog RoF (A-RoF) and proposed digital RoF (D-RoF). As a figure of merit, the performance evaluation of the two architectures is reported by analyzing error vector magnitude (EVM), signal-to-noise ratio and eye-opening penalty. It is shown that digital optical links can mitigate the impairments present in A-RoF links and can support the transmission up to 50 km. Moreover, it is shown that efficient D-RoF links can be obtained with a relatively low amount of analog-to–digital-converter resolution bits. For the D-RoF link, the EVM was measured to be less than 2 % at 50 km. This is within the LTE specifications, proving it as a cost and power effective solution for next-generation wireless networks
Reduction of harmonic distortion in radio over fiber links through digital preprocessing
No full textKONTALA IN THE CONTEXT OF MUNA CULTURE
Full text linkThis article contains the results of the study conducted in Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, in 2010. This study aims at revealing and analyzing the form, function, meaning and value of the kontala using intrinsic and extrinsic approaches. The kontala was processed in such a way that it became a particular material so that its aesthetic effects could be obtained. The intrinsic approach was used to observe the structural aspect. The aspects of the study range from style, image, metaphor, symbol, and myth. The extrinsic approach was used to discuss the setting and environment. In addition to the structural theory, the functional theory was also used in this study. The functional theory of a text covers all the natures which collectively refer to or have the main and additional functions. Besides, the pragmatic approach was also used in this study. Descriptive analytic method, which could reveal and analyze the content, form, function, meaning and value of the kantola was employed. The results of the study show that the kantola, which is in the form of several poems, contain (a) satire, (b) criticism, (c) romantic love, (d) advices, (f) suggestion, (g) invitation with family and unity as the themes. The kantola functions to amuse, unify, pacify sorrow for its fans. The values contained are (a) sportiveness, (b) skill, (c) ethics and morality, (d) togetherness, (e) education, (f) religiosity, (g) patience, (h) intelligence (intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, social intelligence, and spiritual intelligence). Based on the values contained, the kantola needs to be learned, developed and performed again in every public party as the real steps to preserve it in daily life with high creativity; its form and performance are modified and adapted
Scenario planning & its manifestation in plans
Full text linkUrban planning deals with shaping communities, cities and regions with the aim of making them sustainable for future generations. One of the ways to plan for an unexpected future is by using scenario planning technique. This planning method produces a set of structurally different, but plausible futures that highlight outcomes of relevant policies / regulations and helps a community to prepare for the future. While scenario planning efforts are common, the extent to which it affects plans is not well understood.
In this project, I study regional and city-wide plans of Austin and Denver with a view to analyze whether results of scenario planning process (preferred scenarios and ensuing policies and regulations) are incorporated into various planning documents of cities/regions or not? I started the process by reviewing scenario planning exercise of respective cities and regions, followed by review of regional and city plans with an aim to find connections between planning documents and scenario planning effort. It is a narrative account of how scenario planning exercises have helped in making informed decisions to address future concerns through respective plans.
It is found that scenario planning helps in making informed decisions as to how regions and cities want to address and shape an unpredictable future. However, its usage lacks consistency as it is not used uniformly by local governments and organizations within a region. Austin benefits more from scenario exercise as complete process involves interaction between members of the community and representatives from local governing bodies, whereas Denver region predominantly uses it for policy making. Scenario planning is also recommended to be used with consistency within an entire region in developing and updating relevant plans so that there is a uniformity in the complete region as to how it wants to plan for and address the future both at local and regional level. The variation in the employment of this technique among cities / regions may be attributed to several factors including financial constraints, staff resources and non-availability of relevant data for creation of meaningful scenarios.
The limitation of the study is that scenario planning results are hard to assess since they warrant time and implementation of all the prescribed policies / regulations elucidated in local and regional plans. Therefore, evaluation of the results should be carried out after due course of time in consultation with relevant authorities who can comment on implementation on policies.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2021-08-01The student, Muhammad Usman, accepted the attached license on 2019-07-15 at 17:54.The student, Muhammad Usman, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2019-07-15 at 17:56.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2019-07-16 at 15:21.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14329 on 2019-11-26 at 13:05:58Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:49:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2019-07-16Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 112970
Lift date: 2021-11-26T20:49:41Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 112970 on 2021-11-27T10:15:16Z
Modelling Value of Time for Trip Chains in Daily Schedules
No full textAbstractThe decision about spending time on an activity, switching to the next activity and transport mode used to travel to the next activity location depends on money value of time; opportunity cost of time at activity. Optimal condition of transition between two activities occurs when their marginal utility of time is equal. The presented framework in this paper models the marginal utility of activity to express the money benefit earned by spending each unit of time at the given activity. The proposed model is generalized for the schedule with any number of activities as contrast to previous studies, where such models were used for schedules with fixed number of activities. This framework can be used to calculate the loss in value of time due decreased activity participation resulting from travel delays
A coordinated Framework for Optimized Charging of EV Fleet in Smart Grid
No full textAbstractElectric vehicles can be sustainable alternative in contrast to conventional fossil fuel powered vehicles only if the green energy is used to power them. Without coordination among electric vehicles and grid operator, it can imbalance the power production and demand. This paper presents an automated coordinated mechanism among EV fleet and the grid operator that plans a charging strategy for electric vehicles while sustaining the grid capacity constraints. The intelligent planner plans the charging strategy at the cheaper moments and keep the vehicle charged enough to complete its scheduled trips It suggests a charging pattern for the electric vehicle by using the time dependent electric prices and available power at the given time slots. It also ensures the cheapest charging cost and fulfills the constraints of battery state of the charge. A central power tracker is also introduced which keeps track of the available and required power at each time slot. According to the current market share of the electric vehicles, a fraction of the daily agendas, created by an operational activity-based model, is used to test the framework. Moreover, an experiment has been set up, it makes use of wind and solar renewable energy to power the vehicles
MIMO Enabled MultiBand 5G NR FiberWireless using Sigma Delta over FiberTechnology
No full textThis paper introduces the realization and evaluation of multi input multi output (MIMO) wireless system and fiber based sigma delta Radio-over-Fiber (Δ-RoF)based optical link as a front haul using fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) multiband signals. The proposed 5G NR signals comprise of 3 GHz flexible waveforms and 23 GHz-400 MHz bandwidth. The Δ-RoF has been demonstrated by using 2nd order Sigma-Delta Modulation (SDM) with 5 km of Standard Single Mode Fiber. The EVM performance for the system meets the 3GPP Release 16. Furthermore, EVM performance for received optical power is evaluated up to 400 MHz bandwidth. It can be concluded that Δ-RoF-MIMO system suits the required range of the 5G C-RAN fronthaul networks and can be a propitious candidate for future mobile haul applications. </p
Pengaruh Latihan Squat dan Hell Reise (Calf Raises) terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Pada Lompatan Smash Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Bolavoli di SMAN 8 Malang
No full textABSTRAK Hadi, Muhammad, Irfan. 2017. Pengaruh Latihan Squat dan Hell Reise (Calf Raises) terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Pada Lompatan Smash Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Bolavoli di SMAN 8 Malang. Skripsi. Jurusan Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan. Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: (I) Drs. Agus Tomi, M.Pd, (II) Usman Wahyudi, S.Pd, M.Pd Kata kunci: latihan Latihan Squat dan Hell Reise (Calf Raises), daya ledak otot tungkai pemain bolavoli. Pencapaian prestasi dalam permainan bolavoli tidak terlepas dari tingkat keterampilan yang dimiliki oleh setiap atlet. Atlet yang terampil dalam permainan bolavoli tentunya mampu menguasai teknik-teknik yang mendukung. Penentu keberhasilan atlet dalam memperoleh poin dapat melalui sebuah teknik penyerangan atau pukulan smash. Unsur utama yang berperan dalam pukulan smash yaitu sebuah lompatan atau gerak eksplosif yang dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan daya ledak otot tungkai. Kemampuan daya ledak otot tungkai dapat ditingkatkan melalui sebuah latihan beban seperti latihan squat dan hell reise. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Latihan Squat. dan Hell Reise (Calf Raises) terhadap Peningkatan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Pada Lompatan Smash Bagi Peserta Ekstrakurikuler Bolavoli di SMAN 8 Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 18 atlet ekstrakurikuler permainan bolavoli. Rincian sampel kelompok latihan squat yaitu 9 atlet dan sampel kelompok latihan Hell Reise (Calf Raises) 9 atlet. Teknik Pembagian kelompok menggunakan teknik ordinal pairing matching. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data dalam penelitian adalah Vertical Jump dari Widiastuti. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis varians satu jalur. Dari hasil analisis data, diperoleh tiga kesimpulan hasil penelitian. Pertama latihan squat memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot tungkai terhadap atlet permainan bolavoli dengan diperoleh (Fhitung = 6.76 > Ftabel 0,05 = 4,49). Kedua, latihan hell reise (calf raises) memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan daya ledak otot tungkai terhadap atlet permainan bolavoli dengan diperoleh (Fhitung = 4.56 Ftabel 0,05 = 4,49). Berdasarkan hasil skor yang sudah dianalisis, kedua kelompok memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan, akan tetapi ada perbedaan hasil peningkatan daya ledak otot tungkai, yaitu kelompok latihan squat lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kelompok latihan hell reise (calf raises). Saran yang dapat diberikan kepada pelatih ekstrakurikuler permainan bolavoli hendaknya menggunakan latihan beban squat dan hell reise (calf raises) untuk meningkatkan daya ledak otot tungkai pada atlet ekstrakurikuler permainan bolavoli
Mitigation of nonlinearities in analog radio over fiber links using machine learning approach
Full text linkMachine learning (ML) techniques are looked upon as an innovative and realistic direction to cope up with nonlinearity issues in fiber optics communication. In this paper, a 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) based radio over fiber (RoF) system is demonstrated for 10 km of standard single mode fiber length utilizing support vector machine (SVM) method to indicate an effective nonlinearity mitigation in front-hauls. The comparison of SVM is drawn with conventional ML classifiers to optimize symbol decision boundary that will reduce the RoF link impairments. The results are reported in terms of BER, Eye-linearity and Quality factor.<br/
Ghargham Hajiya Kaltume Bulama Gana (The biography of Hajiya Kaltume Bulama Gana)
Full text linkThe entire document is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Hauwa Usman (Local Project Manager), Alhaji Abubakar Maikudi Aishat (General Field Facilitator). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Project Director and former Director of the African Studies Center), and Eleni Castrol (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These collections on Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Required Citation: Kurfi, M. H., Hauwa U., Ngom, F., and Castro, E. (2020). African Ajami Library: Gender in Nigerian Ajami Manuscripts. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41953. For Inquiries: Please Contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance / Custodial history: This manuscript is owned and authored by Professor Aliyu Muhammad of the Department of Arts, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria in Kaduna state, Nigeria. The owner documented and wrote about the life and works of Hajiya Kaltume Bulama Gana. Written in the Mashriqi script, the document is complete and is typed.This document deals with the biography of Hajiya Kaltume Bulama Gana, a Northern Nigerian Muslim woman who is educated in and practicing Islamic arts as a profession. She established a non-profit organization that educates children, including young women and girls affected by the Boko Haram insurgency so that they can become self-reliant and acquire new vocational skills. Written in 2019, this Kanuri Ajami text contains two parts: The first part deals with the life and works of Hajiya Kaltume Bulama Gana, and the second is an interview transcript with her. In the interview, she discusses her non-profit organization, her Herwa Heart of Art Initiative. This part provides details on how she established the organization and her successes and challenges. In the last part of the interview, she discusses how philanthropists and the general public can support her organization in order to use the arts to assist the orphans and children displaced and traumatized by Boko Haram in Borno state and beyond.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
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