1,720,957 research outputs found
The Archaeology of Musical Bamboos: Native Bamboos and Pre-Hispanic Flutes on the Andean Altiplano around Lake Titicaca (A First Approximation)
No full textIn this first approximation, I discuss the current state of music archaeological knowledge about bamboo-made flutes on the pre-Hispanic Altiplano around Lake Titicaca, triangulating the very scarce archaeological evidence with ethnohistorical and botanical literature and my fieldwork among contemporary highland flute makers from Walata Grande (Omasuyos province, La Paz department). Departing from ethnographic experiences with these specialised flute makers, I delve deeper into the archaeology of musical bamboos on the pre-Hispanic Altiplano around Lake Titicaca. When have bamboos been more widely used in highland flute making on the pre-Hispanic Altiplano? Which musical transformations were generated? Which types of bamboos have been used in pre-Hispanic times? And where and how were these sourced? Moving the attention from finished flutes to bamboos allows me to articulate a “fresh perspective” (McClure, 1966) on the music archaeology of the Andean Altiplano, particularly of the pre-Hispanic Andean cultures of Tiwanaku (AD 100–1000) and ancient Aymaras (CE 1000–1470). Among other arguments, I suggest that the emergence of the now widespread “participatory tradition” (Turino, 2008) of Aymara Andean wind music had a decisive material factor: the expansion of musical bamboo use in highland flute making following the Middle Horizon (AD 600–1000) period
Music-Making Materials Natural Resource Use and Sustainability in Musical Instrument Making
No full textSustainability in music is an important area of research that spans multiple academic disciplines, fields of study, and domains of practical and specialised knowledge. Ecomusicological scholars, resource managers, and environmental geographers emphasise that the engagement with materiality, natural materials, and natural environments is central to the sustainability of music, particularly with regard to musical instrument making. This edited volume offers a comprehensive overview of current research on the use of natural resources and sustainability aspects in musical instrument making. It brings together case studies from diverse instrument-making contexts, contributed by scholars from various disciplinary backgrounds. The case studies explore questions related to the use of natural materials in musical instrument making, the associated sustainability challenges, and possible approaches to address these challenges at local, regional, and global scales
Attracting and banning Ankari: Musical and Climate Change in the Kallawaya Region in Northern Bolivia
Full text linkIn the Kallawaya region in the Northern Bolivian Andes musical practices are closely related to the social, natural and spiritual environment: This is evident during the process of constructing and tuning instruments, but also during activities in the agrarian cycle, collective ritual and healing practices, as means of communication with the ancestors and, based on a Kallawaya perspective, during the critical involvement in influencing local weather events. In order to understand the complexity of climate change in the Kallawaya region beyond Western ontological principles the latter is of great importance. The Northern Bolivian Kallawaya refer to changes in climate as a complex of changes in local human-human and human-environmental relations based on a rupture of a certain morality and reciprocal relationship in an animate world in which music plays an important role. The study seeks to investigate and analyse the complex relationship between musical and climate change in different manifestations such as the construction and materiality of instruments, the musical sequence of the year and the poetics and aesthetics of qantu music. Musical and climate change are interrelated from a Kallawaya perspective. This will be discussed against the background of a global scientific perspective on climate change
Musical Bamboos: Flute Making, Natural Resources, and Sustainability in the Bolivian Andes
Full text linkGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
