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Down.modulation of ERK protein kinase activity inhibits VEGF secretion by human myeloma cells
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Human myeloma cells express interleukin-7 (IL-7) mRNA and secrete IL-7 in presence of IL-6: role in multiple myeloma physiopathology
No full textHuman myeloma cells trigger osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit the formation of osteoblast progenitors in the bone marrow
No full textHuman myeloma cells inhibit osteoblast proliferation, induce osteoblast apoptosis and decrease osteoblastogenesis: a potential mechanism in the development of multiple myeloma bone disease
No full textDownmodulation of ERK protein kinase activity inhibits VEGF secretion by human myeloma cells and myeloma-induced angiogenesis
No full textAbstract
The mitogen-activated protein (MAP) cascade leading to the
activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2)
is critical for regulating myeloma cell growth; however, the
relationship of ERK1/2 activity with vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) production and the effects of its downmodulation
in myeloma cells are not elucidated. We found that the
treatment with MAP/ERK kinase 1 (MEK1) inhibitors PD98059
or PD184352 produced a reduction of phosphorylated ERK1/2
(p-ERK1/2) levels in myeloma cells of more than 80% and
prevented the increase of p-ERK1/2 induced by interleukin-6
(IL-6). MEK1 inhibitors also induced a significant inhibition of
myeloma cell proliferation and blunted the stimulatory effect
induced by IL-6. A significant inhibition of basal VEGF
secretion by myeloma cells as well as a suppression of the
stimulatory effect of IL-6 on VEGF was observed by either
PD98059 or PD184352. Moreover, we also found that the PI3K
kinase inhibitors, but not p38 MAPK inhibitors, reduced VEGF
secretion by myeloma cells and increase the inhibitory effect of
MEK1 inhibitors. In an ‘in vitro’ model of angiogenesis, we
found that MEK1 inhibitors impair vessel formation induced by
myeloma cells and restored by VEGF treatment, suggesting that
the downmodulation of ERK1/2 activity reduces myelomainduced
angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF secretion.
Leukemia (2004) 18, 628–635. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2403269
Published online 22 January 2004
Keywords: signal transduction; molecular targets for therapy; ERK
downmodulation; myeloma; VEGF; angiogenesi
Human myeloma cells inhibit osteoblast formation and differentation in the bone marrow environment
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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