117,841 research outputs found

    Line-scanning two-photon microscope for the investigation of biological samples

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    We present a novel two-photon microscope employing a line-scanning technique that allows image acquisition at a high rate. The resolution turns out to be comparable to the one of common point-scanning systems

    Line-Shaped Illumination: A Promising Configuration for a Flexible Two-Photon Microscopy Setup

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    An innovative two-photon microscope exploiting a line-shaped illumination has been recently devised and then implemented. Such configuration allows to carry out a real-time detection by means of standard CCD cameras and is able to maintain the same resolution as commonly used point-scanning devices, thus overcoming what is usually regarded as the main limitation of line-scanning microscopes. Here, we provide an overview of the applications in which this device has been tested and has proved to be a flexible and efficient tool, namely imaging of biological samples, in-depth sample reconstruction, two-photon spectra detection, and dye cross-section measurements. These results demonstrate that the considered setup is promising for future developments in many areas of research and applications

    Nilai-Nilai Murni Menurut Abī Al-Hasan Alī Al-Hasani Al-Nadāwīy Dalam Kitab Sīrah Khātamun Al-Nabīyyīn Lil Aṭfāl

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    Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti nilai-nilai murni menurut Abi> Hasan Ali> Al-Hasani Al-Nadāwiy melalui kitab Si>rah Kha>tamun Nabiyyi>n Lil Aṭfa>l. Nilai- nilai murni perlu diketengahkan supaya dapat membantu menyelesaikan pelbagai permasalahan isu semasa terutamanya berkaitan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan adab yang kian meruncing terutamanya dalam kalangan pelajar sekolah rendah mahupun menengah. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk mencapai tiga objektif utama iaitu pertama, membincangkan Abi> Hasan Ali> Al-Hasani Al-Nadāwīy sebagai tokoh akhlak. Kedua, mengkaji kitab Si>rah Kha>tamun Nabiyyi>n Lil Aṭfa>l berkaitan nilai-nilai murni. Ketiga, menganalisis elemen nilai-nilai murni menurut Abi> Hasan Ali> Al-Hasani Al-Nadāwīy berdasarkan kitab Si>rah Kha>tamun Nabiyyi>n Lil Aṭfa>l. Seterusnya dalam usaha mencapai objektif tersebut, pengkaji menyusun metodologi kajian melalui reka bentuk kajian, metode pengumpulan data dan metode analisis data. Kajian ini menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data pula melalui sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Seterusnya kajian ini menggunakan analisis kandungan iaitu metode induktif dan metode deduktif. Hasil dari analisis data tersebut, menunjukkan bahawa Abi> Hasan Ali> Al-Hasani Al-Nadāwīy seorang tokoh Islam yang amat disegani dan mempunyai keunikan dalam mencungkil nilai-nilai murni khususnya dalam bidang penceritaan sirah nabawiah yang menarik hingga menusuk hati serta menimbulkan keinginan untuk menjejaki kehidupan Nabi Muhammad SAW

    Measurement of two-photon-absorption spectra through nonlinear fluorescence produced by a line-shaped excitation beam

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    We propose an innovative experimental approach to estimate the two-photon absorption (TPA) spectrum of a fluorescent material. Our method develops the standard indirect fluorescence-based method for the TPA measurement by employing a line-shaped excitation beam, generating a line-shaped fluorescence emission. Such a configuration, which requires a relatively high amount of optical power, permits to have a greatly increased fluorescence signal, thus avoiding the photon counterdetection devices usually used in these measurements, and allowing to employ detectors such as charge-coupled device (CCD) cameras. The method is finally tested on a fluorescent isothiocyanate sample, whose TPA spectrum, which is measured with the proposed technique, is compared with the TPA spectra reported in the literature, confirming the validity of our experimental approach

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Square Dancing with the Stars to Enhance Dynamic Hirschman Linkages?

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    In this Presidential Address, the author takes the reader on a reconnaissance of his life and time as a regional scientist. He points out scenery he found scintillating along the way, hoping that some may pick up the banner and chew on a few of the ideas for a while. He suggests a revisit to Albert O. Hirschman’s notion of key sectors and more empirical analysis related to Marcus Berliant’s and Masahisa Fujita’s notion of knowledge creation and transfer.Presidential Address, San Antonio, Texas, March 29, 2014 (53rd Meetings of the Southern Regional Science Association

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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