618 research outputs found
Agent-Based Query Optimization in a Grid Environment
No full textThe next generation experiments in High Energy Physics are the driving force for setting up an International Data Grid at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. Hundreds of Petabytes of data will be distributed and replicated all over the globe starting from 2005. In order to analyse this massive set of distributed data efficiently, we propose a hierarchical query optimisation architecture based on multi-agent technology. The architecture is optimised for the High Energy Physics community but is representative also for other data intensive scientific applications that use distributed data stores and mass storage system
Replica consistency in a Data Grid
No full textA Data Grid is a wide area computing infrastructure that employs Grid technologies to provide storage capacity and processing power to applications that handle very large quantities of data. Data Grids rely on data replication to achieve better performance and reliability by storing copies of data sets on different Grid nodes. When a data set can be modified by applications, the problem of maintaining consistency among existing copies arises. The consistency problem also concerns metadata, i.e., additional information about application data sets such as indices, directories, or catalogues. This kind of metadata is used both by the applications and by the Grid middleware to manage the data. For instance, the Replica Management Service (the Grid middleware component that controls data replication) uses catalogues to find the replicas of each data set. Such catalogues can also be replicated and their consistency is crucial to the correct operation of the Grid. Therefore, metadata consistency generally poses stricter requirements than data consistency. In this paper we report on the development of a Replica Consistency Service based on the middleware mainly developed by the European Data Grid Project. The paper summarises the main issues in the replica consistency problem, and lays out a high-level architectural design for a Replica Consistency Service. Finally, results from simulations of different consistency models are presented
Selective recognition of the activated form of transcription factor NF-kB by a monoclonal antibody
No full textKaltschmidt B, Henkel T, Stockinger H, Baeuerle PA, Kaltschmidt C. Selective recognition of the activated form of transcription factor NF-kB by a monoclonal antibody. Biol Chem Hoppe Seyler. 1995;376:9-16
Dörfer und Deputierte: Rezension auf HSK erschienen
No full textEine Besprechung von Andreas Fahrmeir (Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Historisches Seminar) zur Dissertation „Dörfer und Deputierte“ von Thomas Stockinger ist seit kurzem auf der geschichtswissenschaftlichen Plattform H-Soz-u-Kult abrufbar: „Auf den ersten Blick überrascht dieses Buch. Es handelt auf fast 1000 Seiten von wenigen Tagen, nämlich den Wahlterminen im Frühjahr 1848 in Frankreich und Cisleithanien. Und nicht nur der Zeitraum, sondern auch der geographische Fokus ist eng begr..
Consistency of replicated datasets in Grid computing
No full textData replication is a well-known technique used in distributed systems in order to improve fault tolerance and make data access faster. Several copies of a dataset are created and placed at different nodes, so that users can access the replica closest to them, and at the same time the data access load is distributed among the replicas. In today's Grid middleware solutions, data management services allow users to replicate datasets (i.e., flat files or databases) among storage elements within a Grid, but replicas are often considered read-only because of the absence of mechanisms able to propagate updates and enforce replica consistency. In this entry we analyze the replica consistency problem and provide hints
for the development of a Replica Consistency Service, highlighting the main issues and pros and cons of several approaches
The CD system of leukocyte surface molecules: Monoclonal antibodies to human cell surface antigens
No full textCopyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Many of the leukocyte cell surface molecules are known by "CD" numbers. In this Appendix, a short introduction describes the history and the use of CD nomenclature and provides a few key references to enable access to the wider literature. This is followed by a table that lists all human molecules with approved CD names, tabulating alternative names, key structural features, cellular expression, major known functions, and usefulness of the molecules or antibodies against them in research or clinical applications.Alice Beare, Hannes Stockinger, Heddy Zola and Ian Nicholso
CBF gene copy number variation at Frost Resistance-2 is associated with levels of freezing tolerance in temperate-climate cereals
No full textFrost Resistance-1 (FR-1) and FR-2 are two loci affecting freezing tolerance and winterhardiness of the temperate-climate cereals. FR-1 is hypothesized to be due to thepleiotropic effects of VRN-1. FR-2 spans a cluster of C-Repeat Binding Factor (CBF)genes. These loci are genetically and functionally linked. Recent studies indicate CBFtranscripts are down-regulated by the VRN-1 encoded MADS-box protein or a factor inthe VRN-1 pathway. Here we report that barley genotypes ‘Dicktoo’ and ‘Nure’ carryinga vrn-H1 winter allele at VRN-H1 harbor increased copy numbers of CBF codingsequences relative to Vrn-H1 spring allele genotypes ‘Morex’ and ‘Tremois’. Sequencingbacteriophage lambda genomic clones from these four genotypes alongside DNA blothybridizations indicate approximately half of the eleven CBF orthologs at FR-H2 areduplicated in individual genomes. One of these duplications discriminates vrn-H1genotypes from Vrn-H1 genotypes. The vrn-H1 winter allele genotypes harbor tandemsegmental duplications through the CBF2A–CBF4B genomic region and maintain twodistinct CBF2 paralogs, while the Vrn-H1 spring allele genotypes harbor single copies ofCBF2 and CBF4. An additional CBF gene, CBF13, is a pseudogene interrupted bymultiple nonsense codons in ‘Tremois’ whereas CBF13 is a complete uninterruptedcoding sequence in ‘Dicktoo’ and ‘Nure’. DNA blot hybridization with wheat DNAsreveals greater copy numbers of CBF14 also occurs in winter wheats than in springwheats. These data indicate that variation in CBF gene copy numbers is widespread in theTriticeae and suggest selection for winter hardiness co-selects winter alleles at both VRN-1 and FR-2
Relaxed Data Consistency with CONStanza
No full textData replication is an important aspect in a Data Grid for increasing fault tolerance and availability. Many Grid replication tools or middleware systems deal with read-only files which implies that replicated data items are always consistent. However, there are several applications that do
require updates to existing data and the respective replicas. In this article we present a replica consistency service that allows for replica updates in a single-master scenario with lazy update synchronisation. The system allows for updates of (heterogeneous) relational databases, and it is designed to support flat files as well. It keeps remote replicas synchronised and partially (“lazily”) consistent. We report on
the design and implementation of a novel “relaxed” replica consistency service and show its usefulness in a typical application use case
Allergenomics of the tick Ixodes ricinus reveal important α-Gal-carrying IgE-binding proteins in red meat allergy
No full textSupplementary material: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/3864]This is the peer-reviewed version of the following article: Apostolovic, D.; Mihailovic, J.; Commins, S. P.; Wijnveld, M.; Kazimirova, M.; Starkhammar, M.; Stockinger, H.; Platts-Mills, T. A. E.; Cirkovic Velickovic, T.; Hamsten, C.; et al. Allergenomics of the Tick Ixodes Ricinus Reveals Important α-Gal–Carrying IgE-Binding Proteins in Red Meat Allergy. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 2020, 75 (1), 217–220. [https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13978
Audience Evaluations of Contrasting Types of Literature Event: Author Readings and Poetry Slams
No full textIn den 1990er- und den frühen 2000er-Jahren hat die Anzahl der Literaturveranstaltungen stark zugenommen. Neben die klassische Autor*innenlesung traten neue Formate wie Lesebühne und Poetry Slam. Ausgangspunkt dieser explorativ ausgerichteten literatursoziologischen Pilotstudie – eine der ersten umfassenden Arbeiten über Literaturveranstaltungen im deutschsprachigen Raum – war die Frage danach, was Besucher*innen an unterschiedlichen Literaturveranstaltungen gefällt und warum. Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wurden die Wertungen und Wertmaßstäbe von Besucher*innen ausgewählter Literaturhauslesungen und Poetry Slams in München und Stuttgart der Jahre 2009/2010 untersucht, also Veranstaltungen zweier im Feld der Literaturveranstaltungen deutlich voneinander abgegrenzter Formate. Empirische Grundlage der Studie bilden ca. 1.500 Fragebogenbefragungen und ca. 100 Interviews bei/im Anschluss an 13 Veranstaltungen; die hieraus resultierenden quantitativen wie qualitativen Daten werden mithilfe verschiedener Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung triangulär aufeinander bezogen. Um eine Grundlage für die Entwicklung von Untersuchungskorpus und Erhebungsinstrumenten zu schaffen, wird basierend auf Goffmans Rahmentheorie zunächst ein Modell der Bestandteile von Literaturveranstaltungen und Auftritten mit Literatur entwickelt sowie im Anschluss hieran eine Typologie der Literaturveranstaltungen, die zwischen Lesung, Lesebühne, Literaturlabor, Open Mike, Poetry Slam und Literaturfestival differenziert. Ausgehend hiervon, von Pierre Bourdieus Feldtheorie und einer sozialkonstruktivistischen Wertungstheorie wird anschließend die Geschichte des Literaturveranstaltungsfeldes seit den 1990er-Jahren dargestellt, aus der wiederum die zu untersuchenden Veranstaltungsformate und die voraussichtlich für Zuschauer*innenwertungen relevanten Wertmaßstäbe abgeleitet werden. Die Auswertung der Daten ist fokussiert auf mehrere Schwerpunkte, geht aber über diese hinaus: (1) Faktorenanalytisch werden acht distinkte Wertmaßstabsmuster herausgearbeitet, die in den Autor*innenlesungs- und Poetry-Slam-Publika vertreten sind. Sie zeigen ein Spannungsverhältnis von gegenstandsbezogener und selbstbezogener Rezeption auf, das die erwartete Differenz von bildungskulturell und populärkulturell geprägter Rezeption bei den beiden Formaten Lesung und Poetry Slam spezifiziert; zudem wird die formatsspezifische Bedeutung des Geselligkeitserlebens, von körperlicher Erfahrung und Authentizität ebenso untersucht wie die von Wertmaßstäben des sog. Kreativitätsdispositivs (Andreas Reckwitz) u.a.m. Die Wertmuster prägen das Wertungsverhalten der Publika deutlich und hängen stark vom Alter ab, aber auch von anderen in den Blick genommenen Aspekten. (2) Clusteranalytisch lassen sich vier Publikumsgruppen mit distinkten Präferenzstrukturen bestimmen, die entweder primär bei den untersuchten Autor*innenlesungen (abgrenzungsbewusste Hochkulturkonsument*innen und bildungskultureller Mainstream) oder bei den Poetry Slams (geschmacklich festgelegte und begeisterungsfähige Eventgänger*innen) zu finden sind. (3) Abschließend wird ein inferenzbasiertes Modell der Informationsverarbeitung herangezogen, um am Beispiel mehrerer Lesungsauftritte (F.C. Delius, Eva Menasse) und Poetry-Slam-Auftritte (Bumillo, Pauline Füg, Andy Strauß, „Der Kaiser“) zu zeigen, wie die konkrete Wertungspraxis durch die herausgearbeiteten Wertstrukturen einerseits und andererseits durch situationelle Besonderheiten, insbesondere die Salienz von Auftrittsaspekten, bedingt ist.
Anmerkung der Redaktion:
"Ergänzende Materialien zu dieser Publikation (Videos, Tabellen, Anhänge) stehen digital zur Verfügung. Sie werden in Kürze auf entsprechenden Fachrepositorien bereitgestellt und von hier aus verlinkt.“The number of literature events increased sharply during the 1990s and early 2000s. New formats, including poetry slams and author collective performances [Lesebühnen], became prominent, alongside classic author readings. This pilot study – located in both sociology and literary studies, exploratory, and one of the first comprehensive investigations of literature events in the German-language sphere – developed from the question of what audiences at diverse literature events like about them, and why. To answer this, value measurements and evaluations were collected, and examined, from responses to selected events at so called ‘houses of literature’ [Literaturhäuser] and at poetry slams in Munich and Stuttgart, 2009–2010. These two event formats differ decisively. The study’s empirical foundations are the c. 1500 questionnaires and the c. 100 interviews conducted during / following thirteen events. The quantitative and qualitative data resulting thereby is brought into triangular relation using various methods from empirical social research. Goffman’s frame analysis is utilized to create a foundation for the development of a data corpus to be investigated, and to forge data collection instruments. First, a model of the components of literature events and of literature-based performances is established. Subsequently, a typology of events is laid out, which differentiates between readings, author collective events, ‘literature laboratories’, open mikes, poetry slams, and literature festivals. Proceeding from this empirical foundation, from Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of social fields, and from a social constructivist theory of value, the history of the literature events field since the 1990s is presented. From this can be extrapolated which event formats are to be investigated, and which value-measurements will presumably be relevant to the audience members’ evaluations. Several priorities are set in the data evaluation stage, which also, however, goes beyond these foci: (1) Through factor analysis, eight distinct value-measurement patterns are identified, which are represented in audiences at author readings and at poetry slams. These demonstrate a strong contrast in audience receptions between those that are object-oriented and those that are self-oriented. This contrast, in relation to the different formats of classic reading and poetry slam, specifies the expected divergence between receptions shaped by pop culture and those shaped by what is commonly seen as highbrow culture. Moreover, aspects of the events’ format-specific significance include: convivial experience; bodily experience; authenticity; and value-measurements pertaining to Andreas Reckwitz’s creativity dispositif. Value patterns clearly impact on the audience members’ evaluation behavior – these depend strongly on age, but also on other aspects looked at. (2) Cluster analysis facilitates the definition of four audience groups with distinct preference structures. These groups can be found either primarily at the author readings examined – the first is ‘highbrow’ consumers, conscious of cultural demarcations, the second an educated, cultural mainstream – or in the two groups going to poetry slams, both experience-and-sensation oriented, the first with less flexible tastes, the second enthusiastic about the new. (3) In conclusion, an inference-based model for information processing is cultivated, to show – using the examples of further public readings (the authors F.C. Delius and Eva Menasse) and poetry slam performances (Bumillo, Pauline Füg, Andy Strauß, and Der Kaiser) – how the concrete praxis of valuation is conditioned by the value structures established, on the one hand, and by situational exceptions, particularly the salience of performance aspects, on the other.
Editor's note: "Supplementary materials to this publication (videos, tables, appendices) are available digitally. They will be made available shortly on appropriate subject repositories and linked from here."2022-02-2
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