1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) abundance in salmon farms: dynamics related to delousing operations with nonmedicinal methods.
Get PDFProblems related to control and management of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is the bottleneck for further growth for the Norwegian aquaculture. Due to salmon lice developing resistance to most medicinal treatments as well as concerns of negative effects of chemicals/medicines on the environment, the strategy for fighting salmon lice has shifted towards non-medicinal methods (NMM) to remove salmon lice from the salmon. The NMM encompass freshwater baths, thermal and mechanical treatments. How the different operations on salmon farms affect the salmon-sea lice interaction is not well understood, and the number of scientific studies is limited. Most studies have focused on the transmission of sea lice that happens during the planktonic stages. However, observations made by fish farmers have indicated that salmon lice detach from the salmon during crowding and handling of the fish before delousing with NMM, and this might be a source to dispersal of the parasitic stages of lice.
This thesis consists of four papers (Paper I-IV), where all papers are based on field data. The first study aimed to investigate the planktonic and parasitic sea lice abundance on salmon farms throughout a production cycle. The planktonic sea lice were sampled at one salmon farm with lice skirts and two farms without lice skirts, from downstream inside and outside of the cages, with vertical plankton net tows. In Paper II the study aimed to investigate possible loss of parasitic lice from the salmon during crowding and re-attachment on the salmon after treatment with NMM. In Paper II, III and IV we studied the salmon lice abundance during full-scale treatments of salmon, with a closer examination of the differences between life stages in Paper III and IV. Data on parasitic sea lice abundances were collected by counting sea lice on salmon.
We did not find differences in densities of planktonic sea lice in the samples taken from the inside or the outside of the cages for any of the localities, indicating that the production of sea lice inside the cage dispersed out of the cage (Paper I). The mean abundance and average density of planktonic sea lice correlated positively with the number of adult female lice and with temperature, but the correlations differed between years and across localities.
There was a reduction in numbers of preadult/adult male (PA/AM) (-0.59 lice per fish) during crowding and a less clear reduction for adult females (-0.1 lice per fish). This demonstrated that the crowding of salmon, which is the first step on lice treatments, may cause a loss of attached preadult/adult male, and possibly also adult female, prior to treatment (Paper II). Our study also allowed us to document an increase of PA/AM after treatment, likely a result of the PA/AM that detach during crowding, reinfesting new salmon after treatment (Paper II). We found a smaller increase of PA/AM on the salmon that were placed in a new cage after treatment compared to salmon placed in the same cage (a doubling in lice numbers). These results suggest that lice are released to the water during crowding and is an important source for reinfestation.
There was substantial reduction in lice numbers for all life stage categories of salmon lice as a result of using NMM (Paper II). Freshwater treatment was significantly more efficient than both mechanical (b = 2.07, p = 0.0002) and thermal treatment (b = 1.69, p = 0.003) for sessile lice. There was no difference in treatment effect for PA/AM or adult female between treatment types, and no difference was found between thermal and mechanical treatment. Freshwater treatment and mechanical (Hydrolicer) treatment were investigated more thoroughly (Paper III and IV). We found a pronounced variability in delousing effect during freshwater treatment between stages of L. salmonis and Caligus elongatus. Adult males and females (without egg strings) of L. salmonis needed longer treatment time in freshwater than the earlier developmental stages and C. elongatus. Hydrolicer treatment seemed to have a better effect on the younger stages (chalimus and preadult) as well as adult male, and a lower and more variable effect on adult female
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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