130,387 research outputs found
An experiment to study the colour constancy behaviour in human observers and its algorithmic computation
No full textBiogas from mono- and co-digestion of microalgal biomass grown on piggery wastewater
No full textBiogas production has been suggested as a valid valorization solution for microalgal/bacteria biomass (MAB) grown on wastewater. The feasibility of utilizing MAB grown in an outdoor raceway fed on piggery wastewater for biogas production was assessed. Batch and continuous anaerobic tests were performed on the sole MAB and on a blend of MAB and carbonaceous substrates (deproteinated cheese whey and cellulose) to boost the carbon/nitrogen ratio. Results of batch biochemical CH4potential tests confirmed that the sole microalgal/bacteria biomass was poorly degradable (119 NmLmethane/gCOD) while blending it with deproteinated cheese whey or cellulose (80% of carbonaceous material and 20% of MAB, as chemical oxygen demand (COD)) had no synergistic effects on the CH4yield, although minimal improvements in the degradation kinetics were observed. Continuous anaerobic degradation tests at an organic loading rate of 1.5 gCOD/L-d, 35°C and 30 d of hydraulic retention time increased the overall CH4yield from 81 NmLmethane/gCOD(sole MAB) to 216 NmLmethane/gCOD(MAB and deproteinated cheese whey) and 122 NmLmethane/gCOD(MAB and cheese whey). However, data confirmed that no evident synergistic effects were observed
Un esperimento per la quantificazione dell’apparenza di luminosità in contesti ad alta dinamica
No full textMeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
Get PDFInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Management of Virtual Organizations
No full textIn the Virtual Organization (VO) Management area the main challenge has been to develop policies and models for governance and lifecycle management of a business-to-business (B2B) collaboration. This work included research and development in the areas of federated identity management and semantics in addition to VO, business registries and B2B collaboration managements. The main results produced in the VO Management area include capabilities, patterns and software solutions to simplify governance and lifecycle management of B2B collaborations (VOs), and to manage applications distributed over several federated network hosts (e.g. Cloud Computing platforms)
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
Get PDFBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Effects of Orbit Raising and Deorbiting in Source-Sink Evolutionary Models
No full textThe sustainability of the low-Earth-orbit (LEO) environment is threatened by the growing number of anthropogenic space objects planned to be launched in the coming years. This paper investigates the evolution of objects residing in LEO through the MIT Orbital Capacity Assessment Tool (MOCAT), an evolutionary multishell, multispecies source-sink model. The proposed novelty considers the flow of objects crossing multiple shells during orbit raising and deorbiting maneuvers, modeled through the secular variation of the semimajor axis under a low-thrust continuous applied control. To this aim, a higher-fidelity MOCAT version, including active satellites, derelicts, debris, and rocket bodies, has been developed and used. The results demonstrate that incorporating orbit transfer fluxes into the model results in a higher number of collisions, which leads to a greater quantity of debris and poses a greater threat to the safety of LEO
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