1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Microscopie par génération de second harmonique résolue en polarisation : développements théoriques et expérimentaux et application à l'imagerie de la microstructure du tendon pendant des essais mécaniques.
No full textCollagen is a major structural protein that forms various macromolecular organizations in tissues and is responsible for the biomechanical properties of most organs. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a valuable imaging technique to probe collagen fibrillar organization. This work is aimed at implementing and characterizing polarization-resolved SHG (P-SHG) and coupling this technique to biomechanical assays to provide multiscale structural information on collagen tissues. We first studied the linear propagation effects that affect P-SHG imaging of thick anisotropic tissues such as collagen tissues. We developed a theoretical model that accounts for birefringence, diattenuation, and polarization scrambling, and obtained an excellent agreement with our P-SHG measurements in rattail tendon. Moreover we performed numerical simulations of light propagation and harmonic generation in tendon and cornea, which confirmed the crucial role of birefringence for P-SHG signal formation. We then implemented a new experimental device that combined mechanical testing with SHG imaging. It enabled visualization of the tendon crimp morphology at the micrometer scale during macroscopic strain-stress measurements. Our results proved that continuous SHG imaging allows for elucidating the link between macroscopic response and microscopic structure of tissues. Finally, we developed a theoretical model, which relates the P-SHG signal anisotropy to the orientational order of its SHG-capable constituents at submicrometer scale. We tested our model by performing P-SHG measurements in increasingly stretched tendon, and successfully characterized variations of fibril disorder within fascicle with strain.Le collagène est une protéine de structure majeure qui forme diverses organisations macromoléculaires dans les tissus, et est responsable des propriétés biomécaniques de la plupart des organes. La génération de seconde harmonique (SHG) est une technique d'imagerie adaptée pour sonder l'organisation fibrillaire du collagène. Ce travail vise à implémenter et à caractériser la SHG résolue en polarisation (PSHG), et à coupler cette technique à des essais biomécaniques pour obtenir des informations structurelles multi échelles sur les tissus collagéniques. Nous avons d'abord étudié les effets optiques linéaires qui influencent l'imagerie P-SHG dans les tissus anisotropes denses tels que les tissus collagéniques. Nous avons développé un modèle théorique qui prend en compte la biréfringence, la di-atténuation et le mélange de polarisation, et nous avons obtenu un excellent accord avec nos mesures P-SHG dans le tendon de queue de rat. De plus, nous avons effectué des simulations numériques de la propagation du faisceau d'excitation et de la formation du signal SHG dans le tendon et la cornée. Ces simulations ont confirmé le rôle crucial de la biréfringence en P-SHG. Nous avons ensuite mis en place un dispositif expérimental combinant des essais mécaniques avec l'imagerie SHG. Cela a permis de visualiser la morphologie du tendon à l'échelle micrométrique pendant les essais mécaniques macroscopiques. Nos résultats ont montré que l'imagerie SHG sous traction permet d'élucider le lien entre la réponse macroscopique des tissus et leur structure microscopique. Enfin, nous avons développé un modèle théorique pour relier l'anisotropie du signal P-SHG à l'ordre orientationnel submicrométrique des harmonophores dans le tissu. Nous avons testé ce modèle par des mesures P-SHG sur un tendon soumis à une élongation croissante. Nous avons alors caractérisé avec succès les variations d'organisation des fibrilles dans le tendon en fonction de l'élongation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Microscopie par génération de second harmonique résolue en polarisation : développements théoriques et expérimentaux et application à l'imagerie de la microstructure du tendon pendant des essais mécaniques.
No full textCollagen is a major structural protein that forms various macromolecular organizations in tissues and is responsible for the biomechanical properties of most organs. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a valuable imaging technique to probe collagen fibrillar organization. This work is aimed at implementing and characterizing polarization-resolved SHG (P-SHG) and coupling this technique to biomechanical assays to provide multiscale structural information on collagen tissues. We first studied the linear propagation effects that affect P-SHG imaging of thick anisotropic tissues such as collagen tissues. We developed a theoretical model that accounts for birefringence, diattenuation, and polarization scrambling, and obtained an excellent agreement with our P-SHG measurements in rattail tendon. Moreover we performed numerical simulations of light propagation and harmonic generation in tendon and cornea, which confirmed the crucial role of birefringence for P-SHG signal formation. We then implemented a new experimental device that combined mechanical testing with SHG imaging. It enabled visualization of the tendon crimp morphology at the micrometer scale during macroscopic strain-stress measurements. Our results proved that continuous SHG imaging allows for elucidating the link between macroscopic response and microscopic structure of tissues. Finally, we developed a theoretical model, which relates the P-SHG signal anisotropy to the orientational order of its SHG-capable constituents at submicrometer scale. We tested our model by performing P-SHG measurements in increasingly stretched tendon, and successfully characterized variations of fibril disorder within fascicle with strain.Le collagène est une protéine de structure majeure qui forme diverses organisations macromoléculaires dans les tissus, et est responsable des propriétés biomécaniques de la plupart des organes. La génération de seconde harmonique (SHG) est une technique d'imagerie adaptée pour sonder l'organisation fibrillaire du collagène. Ce travail vise à implémenter et à caractériser la SHG résolue en polarisation (PSHG), et à coupler cette technique à des essais biomécaniques pour obtenir des informations structurelles multi échelles sur les tissus collagéniques. Nous avons d'abord étudié les effets optiques linéaires qui influencent l'imagerie P-SHG dans les tissus anisotropes denses tels que les tissus collagéniques. Nous avons développé un modèle théorique qui prend en compte la biréfringence, la di-atténuation et le mélange de polarisation, et nous avons obtenu un excellent accord avec nos mesures P-SHG dans le tendon de queue de rat. De plus, nous avons effectué des simulations numériques de la propagation du faisceau d'excitation et de la formation du signal SHG dans le tendon et la cornée. Ces simulations ont confirmé le rôle crucial de la biréfringence en P-SHG. Nous avons ensuite mis en place un dispositif expérimental combinant des essais mécaniques avec l'imagerie SHG. Cela a permis de visualiser la morphologie du tendon à l'échelle micrométrique pendant les essais mécaniques macroscopiques. Nos résultats ont montré que l'imagerie SHG sous traction permet d'élucider le lien entre la réponse macroscopique des tissus et leur structure microscopique. Enfin, nous avons développé un modèle théorique pour relier l'anisotropie du signal P-SHG à l'ordre orientationnel submicrométrique des harmonophores dans le tissu. Nous avons testé ce modèle par des mesures P-SHG sur un tendon soumis à une élongation croissante. Nous avons alors caractérisé avec succès les variations d'organisation des fibrilles dans le tendon en fonction de l'élongation
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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