168,756 research outputs found
Data for Gupta et al., "Estimating the Meridional Extent of Adiabatic Mixing in the Stratosphere using Age-of-Air", JGR:Atmospheres,
No full textModel data and post-processed data supporting the creation of the manuscript "Estimating the Meridional Extent of Adiabatic Mixing in the Stratosphere using Age-of-Air" submitted to JGR:Atmospheres in August 2022.
1) The netCDF files created through post-processing of full model data in FORTRAN are shared in the /data/ directory. These file contains the zonal mean circulation statistics based on Gupta et al. (2020), age-of-air transport diagnostics based on Linz et al. (2021), and the novel \Gamma-\Theta circulation streamfunction introduced in this study. The /data/ directory also contains MATLAB .mat data files for the transport diagnostics obtained from WACCM. 150 days of actual GFDL-FV3 model data in the northern hemisphere, between 0.1 hPa-500 hPa pressure levels is also provided to support external computations and validation.
2) The Jupyter notebook used for final computation and figures production is provided in .ipynb, .html and .pdf formats in /code/. All the files referred to in the notebook are stored in the /data/ directory.
Corresponding author : Aman Gupta, [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Anil Gupta, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences: Biographical Bibliometric Fact Sheets
No full textBiographical Bibliometric Fact Sheets of Anil Gupta, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences are presented
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Early Buddhist architecture of Bengal: morphological study on the vihāra of c. 3rd to 8th centuries
No full textThis dissertation examines the evolution of early Buddhist architectural forms of Bengal, specifically its vihāra and shrine structures. In general, this research explores Gupta and post-Gupta (c. third to eighth centuries AD) vihāra architecture of Bengal, where the primary focus is on the Buddhist shrine architecture constructed during this period. There is a preconception amongst historians that the period between the Gupta and the Pāla periods was characterized by disorder and chaos, commonly known as the period of Matsyanyayam. This is the reason why discussions on the architectural history of Bengal have generally commenced from the Pāla period (c. 750 AD onwards). Analyzing extant and new evidences this study argues that the Buddhist architecture of Bengal thrived during the intervening period, albeit under the patronage of local kings and rulers. In the field of art and sculpture it is accepted that Buddhist Pāla art was a continuation of previous Gupta art forms, where post-Gupta period acted as the transition or a bridge. Following this general pattern, as this thesis argues, the rectangular Gupta shrine plan takes a mature cruciform shape during the Pāla period through a complex morphological development. The nature of Buddhist shrine architecture in Bengal during the early Gupta, later Gupta, and post-Gupta periods is described in the light of analyzed archaeological findings and architectural trends
On the aberration–retardation effects in pulsars
No full textThe magnetospheric locations of pulsar radio emission region are not well known. The actual form of the so-called radius-to-frequency mapping should be reflected in the aberration-retardation (A/R) effects that shift and/or delay the photons depending on the emission height in the magnetosphere. Recent studies suggest that in a handful of pulsars the A/R effect can be discerned with respect to the peak of the central core emission region. To verify these effects in an ensemble of pulsars, we launched a project analysing multifrequency total intensity pulsar profiles obtained from the new observations from the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT), Arecibo Observatory (AO) and archival European Pulsar Network (EPN) data. For all these profiles, we measure the shift of the outer cone components with respect to the core component, which is necessary for establishing the A/R effect. Within our sample of 23 pulsars, seven show the A/R effects, 12 of them (doubtful cases) show a tendency towards this effect, while the remaining four are obvious counterexamples. The counterexamples and doubtful cases may arise from uncertainties in the determination of the location of the meridional plane and/or the core emission component. Hence, it appears that the A/R effects are likely to operate in most pulsars from our sample. We conclude that in cases where those effects are present the core emission has to originate below the conal emission region
Phanerotoma andamanensis Gupta
No full textPhanerotoma andamanensis Gupta & van Achterberg sp. nov. (Figs A–N) Measurements: Length of body in dorsal view 4.0 mm (holotype, Fig. A); 3.7 (paratype, Fig. G); 3.2 mm (paratype, male, Fig. J); antenna 3.1 mm (paratype, female) and fore wing 2.9 (holotype) or 2.5 mm (paratype, female). Female. Colour: Yellowish brown. Basal five segments and pedicel of antenna yellowish, remainder of antenna brown. Eyes and stemmaticum black. Pronotum pale testaceous; T 1 and T 2 pale testaceous; T 3 yellowish brown laterally, but medio-longitudinal third black; T 1 with H shaped mark medially. Tip of mandible dark brown. Pterostigma dark brown without distinct pale basal spot, only somewhat paler basally than medially; ocelli yellow; hind tibia medially pale yellow. Head (Fig. B): Width 1.3 times median length in frontal; antenna with 23 segments and 1.1 times as long as fore wing; area of stemmaticum punctate (Fig. D); OOL: diameter of posterior ocellus: POL= 6: 2: 1; vertex transversely rugose with fine granulate background anteriorly, setose; temple rugose; face rugose with median ridge and setose; clypeus smooth medially, shiny and setose; malar space rugose, lower tooth of mandible 0.25 times as long as apical tooth (Fig. C). Mesosoma (Fig. E): 1.4 times as long as wide; sides of pronotum coarsely crenulate with median depression dorsally; mesoscutum granulose-reticulate, setose; notauli distinct and foveate anteriorly, absent posteriorly; scutellar sulcus wide and with 9 crenulae; scutellum finely punctate and setose; metanotum with median ridge; propodeum coarsely reticulate rugose with distinct transverse carina below the median line, median carina absent, median areola just above transverse carina (open anteriorly). Fore wing 3.2 times as long as wide; length of 1 -R 1 1.5 times pterostigma; r issued much beyond middle of pterostigma; 2 -SR slightly sinuate; 3 -SR and SR 1 slightly curved; 2 -SR+M longitudinal; parastigma large and dark brown pigmented; m-cu interstitial; vein 1 -CU 1 0.8 times as long as vein 2 -CU 1; 3 -SR = 0.35 times as long as 1 -R 1 and 5.6 times r; r = 0.3 times as long as width of pterostigma; pterostigma 3 times longer than wide; 1 -R 1 = 1.5 times longer than pterostigma; inner mid tibial spur 0.6 times mid basitarsus; hind coxa finely punctate; hind femur 3.7 times its width. Metasoma (Fig. F): Oval in dorsal view and 1.8 times as long as wide, 1.2 times as long as mesosoma; first –second tergites longitudinally spaced rugose with some interconnections, second suture sinuate dorsally; third tergite longitudinally reticulate-rugose and truncate medio-posteriorly, its medial length 1.6 times medial length of second tergite, lateral lamella not protruding latero-apically; ovipositor exerted (0.16 mm in lateral view) and setose; exerted part of sheath 0.14 times as long as hind tibia. Male (Fig. J ): Similar to female except for smaller size and T 3 completely black (Fig. M). Note. The new species differs from all described Oriental species by the combination of the dark brown vein 1 - M and 1 -R 1 of the fore wing, the median third of the third tergite of female dark brown and contrasting with yellowish brown lateral parts and the rather long vein 1 -CU 1 of the fore wing. In the key to Indian species by Sheeba & Narendran (2008) the new species runs to P. buchneri Fahringer, 1932, from NE. India because of its size and the venation and to P. agarwali Varshney & Shujauddin, 1999, from N. India. P. buchneri has a rather pale 1 - R 1 (darkened in P. andamanensis), the pterostigma largely pale brown (dark brown), vein 1 -CU 1 of the fore wing about 0.7 times vein 2 -CU 1 (0.8 times), the hind tibia with dark brown subbasal patch (absent), the propodeum darkened (brownish yellow), the third tergite apically dark brown and anteriorly yellowish brown (laterally brownish yellow and medially dark brown) and T 1 posteriorly and T 2 medially distinctly brownish yellow pigmented (largely unpigmented). P. agarwali Varshney & Shujauddin, 1999 (a junior synonym of P. s y l ep t ae Zettel, 1990, syn. nov.) differs by having the third tergite medio-apically concave and lateral lamella somewhat protruding (truncate and lamella not protruding); vein 1 -CU 1 about 0.5 times as long as vein 2 -CU 1 (incorrectly depicted in original description of P. agarwali; 0.7 times in P. andamanensis); the pterostigma brown (dark brown) and the third tergite yellowish brown (median third dark brown and remainder yellowish brown). Type material. Holotype, female on card, INDIA, Andaman Islands, Jirkatong, 11.36620 N 92.850 E; 10.iii. 2012; hovering on inflorescence of Cassia sp., leg. Ankita Gupta. Paratypes, one female and two males on card, with same data as holotype. Deposited in the National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Insects (NBAII), Bangalore, India. Code NBAII /Brac/Phan/ 10312. Two males are deposited in Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. PLATE I. Phanerotoma andamanensis sp. nov. (Holotype)—A. Female in habitus; B. Head in frontal view; C. Head with full sight on mandibles; D. Vertex; E. Mesosoma; F. Metasoma. PLATE II. Phanerotoma andamanensis sp. nov. (Paratype, female)—G. Profile view; H. Lateral view of head and mesopleuron; I. Fore wing. PLATE III. Phanerotoma andamanensis sp. nov. (Paratype, male)—J. Male in habitus; K. Mesosma; L. Vertex; M. Metasoma; N. Fore wing.Published as part of Gupta, Ankita & Achterberg, Cornelis Van, 2014, A new species of Phanerotoma Wesmael (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Cheloninae) from the Andaman Islands, India, pp. 595-600 in Zootaxa 3856 (4) on pages 595-599, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3856.4.8, http://zenodo.org/record/23149
Shock Compression of Fluorapatite to 120 GPa: Wave Profile Data
No full textThe item included here is a collection of wave profiles collected and presented in the accompanying paper: Rucks, M. J., Winey, J. M., Toyoda, T., Gupta, Y. M., & Duffy, T. S. (in review). "Shock compression of fluorapatite to 120 GPa" Submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.README.txt; Wave_profile_data.cs
Gauhatiana Gupta 1953
No full textGauhatiana Gupta, 1953 (Figs. 28 & 29) (Syns. Gauhatinae Dayal & Gupta, 1953 [nomen nudum]; Gauhatiana Dayal & Gupta, 1954 [lapsus]; Gauhatiana Gupta, 1955 [lapsus]) Gauhatiana exhibits a relationship to members of the Opisthorchiidae Looss, 1899 based on its morphological structure and extent of the excretory vesicle (Y-shaped). However, Gauhatiana possesses a muscular cirrus pouch and the structure and position of its genital organs and coiled uterus originally placed Gauhatiana within the Fellodistomatidae Odhner, 1911 (= Fellodistomidae Nicoll, 1909) as a member of the Haplocladinae Odhner, 1911 (= Fellodistominae Nicoll, 1909) (see Gupta 1953). Skrjabin & Koval (1957) erected the Proctoecinae Skrjabin & Koval, 1957 within the Fellodistomatidae and reassigned Gauhatiana as one of its members. Yamaguti (1958) transferred Gauhatiana to the Walliniinae Yamaguti, 1958 within the Allocreadiidae. In their revision of Astiotrema, Yeh & Fotedar (1958) sunk Gauhatiana; they synonymized Gauhatiana with Astiotrema within the Plagiorchiidae and its type species, Gauhatiana batrachii Gupta, 1953, with A. reniferum . Agrawal (1966a) did not agree with Yeh & Fotedar (1958) in holding Gauhatiana to be synonymous with Astiotrema based on the difference in the appearance of the vitellarium; Gauhatiana has follicles distributed into two distinct aggregations (prebifurcal group and post-acetabular group) whilst vitellarium in Astiotrema forms one continuous, uninterrupted field. Gauhatiana has undergone many taxonomic displacements being considered either in the Allocreadiidae or in the Macroderoididae McMullen, 1937 (see Mehra 1962; Skrjabin & Koval 1966, 1974; Gupta & Miglani 1974, 1976; Wang 1981; Prudhoe & Bray 1982; Wang et al. 1983) as a result of the confusion observed among the morphological characters of both families, particularly the lack of consensus regarding the diagnosis of the Macroderoididae which, in turn, has caused a noticeable change in either recognizing or not the validity of this family and/or what genera should be assigned to it (see Yamaguti 1958, 1971; Prudhoe & Bray 1982; Gibson 1996; de León 2001; Choudhury et al. 2002; Moravec & Salgado-Maldonado 2002; de León et al. 2007; Font & Lotz 2008; Pojmańska et al. 2008). Font & Lotz (2008) pointed to a lack of distinctive features for differentiating between the Plagiorchiidae and the Macroderoididae with the exception of the shape of the excretory vesicle originally described by McMullen (1937); I-shaped in the Macroderoididae and Y-shaped in the Plagiorchiidae. However, Font & Lotz (2008) retained Gauhatiana tentatively within the Macroderoididae, in spite of its Y-shaped excretory vesicle, until a distinct consensus could be reached for distinguishing both families. Since Gauhatiana has a unipartite internal seminal vesicle and neither a bipartite nor a convoluted undivided tubular one, characteristic in members of both the Plagiorchiidae and the Macroderoididae, we do not consider Gauhatiana to be a plagiorchiid or a macroderoidid. Gauhatiana also has a distinct cirrus pouch unlike members of the Opisthorchiidae, which have a tubular, coiled seminal vesicle situated free in the parenchyma of the forebody (i.e., no cirrus-pouch) (see Scholz 2008), thus Gauhatiana does not belong among the opisthorchiids either. Focusing on representatives of Gauhatiana, only four species have been reported: (i) the type-species, G. batrachii (syns. Gauhatinae batrachii Dayal & Gupta, 1953 [nomen nudum]; Gauhatiana batrachii Dayal & Gupta, 1954 [lapsus]; Orientocreadium batrachii [Dayal & Gupta, 1954] Arthur & Shariff, 2015 [lapsus]; Gauhatiana batrachii Gupta, 1955 [lapsus]), from the intestine of Clarias batrachus from the River Brahamputra at Guwahati, India; (ii) Gauhatiana lebedevi Gupta & Miglani, 1976 from the intestine of a marine teleost at Port Blair, India; (iii) G. fusiformis from the intestine of the yellowfin, Xenocypris macrolepis Bleeker (syn. Xenocypris argentea Günther) (Cypriniformes: Xenocyprididae), from Fujian Province, China; (iv) and Gauhatiana pseudobagri Wang in Wang, Zhao, Chen & Tao, 1983 from the intestine of the yellow catfish, Tachysurus fulvidraco (Richardson) (syn. Pseudobagrus fulvidraco [Richardson]) (Siluriformes: Bagridae), from Hongze Lake, China. Karar et al. (2021) transferred the Chinese forms, G. fusiformis and G. pseudobagri, into Astiotrema as synonyms of Astiotrema fotedari Dhar, 1977 and A. reniferum, respectively, based on their lack of some characteristics of Gauhatiana, especially vitelline fields that are not distributed in two separate clusters on each side of the body. Based on the present study, G. fusiformis and G. pseudobagri have been reassigned – this time into I. fotedari and P. pseudobagri (see above). Thus, Gauhatiana remains represented only by the two Indian forms, G. batrachii and G. lebedevi; both species similar to each other in morphology except G. lebedevi can be differentiated form G. batrachii by the latter having an oral sucker larger than the ventral one, the posterior extent of the cirrus-pouch exceeds the ventral sucker level, an equatorial to just post-equatorial ovary lying midway between the anterior testis and ventral sucker rather than closer to the anterior testis, a relatively short pars prostatica and a shorter space separating the ventral sucker from the intestinal bifurcation (see Gupta & Miglani 1976, figs. 1 & 2 vs Gupta 1953, figs.7 & 8). Our investigations on digeneans infecting airbreathing catfishes, genus Clarias Scopoli, reveals that Gauhatiana is morphologically close to three plagiorchioid fluke genera: Astiotrema (sensu stricto) (Khalil 1959, 1969), Glossidium (e.g., Khalil 1972; Fischthal 1973; Mashego 1977; Moravec 1977; Mashego & Saayman 1989; van Rensburg et al. 2003) and Alloglossidium (Abdel-Maksoud 1998). Focusing on the characteristics of Gauhatiana, we found it shares with species of Astiotrema (sensu stricto) a combination of body plan morphology (particularly distome body plan), a unipartite vesicular seminal vesicle, host family they infect (Clariidae) and a common locality (India) when compared to Glossidium and Alloglossidium. Gauhatiana is distinguishable from Glossidium, Alloglossidium and Astiotrema (sensu stricto) in addition to Alloastiotrema, Homeoastiotrema, Ichthyastiotrema, Longigula, Kalipharynx and Plesioastiotrema by possessing (i) vitellarium in two separated clusters in lateral fields (prebifurcal field and post-acetabular field) and an equatorial to just post-equatorial ovary; (ii) a large number of unicellular prostatic gland cells that occupy the entire space within the cirrus-pouch around the seminal vesicle, pars prostatica and ejaculatory duct; and (iii) the ejaculatory duct joins the terminal part of the uterus to form a well-developed globular genital atrium (i.e., “genital sinus”) (see Gupta 1953, fig. 7; Gupta & Miglani 1976, figs. 1 & 2). The other genera mentioned have (i) vitellarium in one continuous uninterrupted field and a pre-equatorial ovary, (ii) few numbers of prostatic gland cells that occupy a small space around the pars prostatica and anterior border of the seminal vesicle as well as (iii) a weakly-developed genital atrium. Accordingly, we continue to adopt Gauhatiana as a distinct genus from Astiotrema (sensu stricto) and the derived, closely related genera Homeoastiotrema, Ichthyastiotrema and Plesioastiotrema. Although workers have observed the morphological convergence of Gauhatiana within the Plagiorchioidea, our findings suggest that Gauhatiana represents a monorchioid taxon rather than a plagiorchioid one based on the combination of the following characteristics: parasite in intestine of a teleost; both suckers and pharynx present; mouth opens through an oral sucker; male and female ducts open separately into a well-developed genital atrium; prepharynx absent; testes two, post-ovarian; excretory vesicle Y-shaped with an excretory pore at the posterior extremity; cirrus-pouch present; vitellarium follicular, relatively small, with comparatively few follicles; spinose, unipartite body without a specialized holdfast organ; hermaphroditic sac absent; genital pore in forebody, anterior to ventral sucker; and an intestine with two ceca (Bray 2008 a, 2008c). Only the Lissorchiidae Magath, 1917 and the Monorchiidae are morphologically close monorchioids to Gauhatiana. The Lissorchiidae is restricted to monorchioid members that (i) parasitize freshwater fishes, (ii) possess a lateral or sublateral genital pore, (iii) have a tubular, I-shaped excretory vesicle, (iv) possess a genital atrium that is either weakly-developed or absent and (v) have a simple metraterm without a terminal organ (Bray 2008d). Members of the Monorchiidae include monorchioids that (i) parasitize marine and occasionally freshwater teleosts, (ii) have a median genital pore in the forebody, (iii) possess an excretory vesicle variable in shape (i.e., saccular, tubular, V- and Y-shaped), (iv) possess a distinct genital atrium and (v) have a terminal organ either absent or present as a simple or bipartite structure (Madhavi 2008). Accordingly, we reassign Gauhatiana within the Monorchiidae. Concerning the representative subfamilies of the Monorchiidae, characteristics of Gauhatiana exhibit a combination of features confined between that of the Monorchiinae Odhner, 1911 and the Opisthomonorcheidinae Yamaguti, 1971 (see Madhavi 2008). Gauhatiana is distinguished from members of both subfamilies by the absence of a terminal organ and vitellarium distributed in two distinct clusters. Thus, we adopt Gauhatiana as belonging to the Monorchiidae, yet separate from all monorchiid subfamilies until future studies on Gauhatiana can help indicate its true taxonomic position.Published as part of Karar, Yasser F. M., Blend, Charles K., Dronen, Norman O. & Adel, Asmaa, 2023, Towards resolving the problematic status of the digenean genus Astiotrema Looss 1900: Taxa excluded from Astiotrema (sensu stricto) with special reference to plagiorchioid genera closely related to the restricted concept of Astiotrema, pp. 445-495 in Zootaxa 5284 (3) on pages 482-484, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5284.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/792950
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