1,720,991 research outputs found
The Fimbulwinter theory and the 6th century crisis in the light of Norwegian archaeology: Towards a human-environmental approach.
No full textIn this article, I have tried to discuss the Fimbulwinter theory in a research historical perspective, in order to disentangle the premises presented by both advocates and critics alike. By and large, the current debate follows the contours of previous discourses on the 6th century transition, at the risk of entrenching the arguments within two defined and established perspectives: material change as a reflection of crisis, and, secondly, material change as an expression of cultural innovation. Neither of these perspectives is satisfactory, as they both run the risk of downplaying either, in the first case, long-term socio-cultural dynamics or, in the second case, environmental factors. In other words, an environmental perspective is inadequate as an analytical framework, since it is liable to provide simplified and deterministic interpretations of past societal change. The roots of environmental disasters must be studied from a social perspective, in which societal preconditions for vulnerability to hazards are analysed. Consequently, an integrated human- environmental approach must be developed, which takes into consideration the importance of both human and natural systems, and the interaction between them. There is, indeed, no contradiction between the two interpretative frameworks of crisis and a change of practice, as both perspectives are required for an in-depth understanding of the spatial and temporal complexity associated with the transition from the Early to the Late Iron Age. Considerable scientific potential might be obtained by employing a human-environmental approach, in which the 6th century transition is analysed at the interface of human and environmental systems, rather than within an explicit social or climatic interpretative framework. 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Kullgroper, Gravdal, 3/65, Pyttesletta, Kongsberg, Buskerud
No full textI perioden 6. – 8. oktober 2010 ble to registrerte kullgroper gravd ut på Pyttesletta utenfor Hvittingfoss i Kongsberg. Begge gropene var blitt sterkt skadet av virksomhet forut for undersøkelsen, men det lot seg likevel gjøre å hente ut sentral informasjon om gropenes oppbygning, form og dimensjon. Kullgrop id 130617 kan defineres som en liten og sirkulær kullgrop med kun en påviselig bruksfase, og føyer seg inn i det generelle mønsteret for kullgroper i fylket. Id 130615 er imidlertid av en udefinerbar type. I sistnevnte struktur ble flere faser påvist i en dyp grop med avrundet bunn med flere tydelige kullsjikt. Trekullet var av varierende type, noe var delvis ubrent, og bar ikke preg av å stamme fra kullproduksjon. Gropen kan være en avfallsgrop, eller stamme fra virksomhet i nyere tid. En tolkning som ”kullgrop” kan likevel ikke helt avskrives. Fire kullprøver ble vedartsbestemt av statsstipendiat Helge I. Høeg. Mens det kun ble påvist bjørk (betula) i kullgrop id 130617, var det stor variasjon i prøvene fra grop id 130615. Tre kullprøver fra sistnevnte struktur innehold både bjørk (betula), furu (pinus), rogn (sorbus) og gran (picea). En kullprøve ble sendt inn fra id 130617 for C14-datering. Fra id 130615 ble to kullprøver sendt inn for C14-datering; en fra det nederste kullsjiktet i gropa og en fra vollmassene, for å belyse anleggets brukstid og belyse forholdet mellom gropa og vollmassene. Kullgrop id 130617 ble datert til tidlig middelalder, mens grop id 130615 ble datert til høymiddelalder. Den radiologiske dateringen fra vollen var eldre enn kullsjiktet i bunn av gropen, hvorpå det ser ut til at vollen kan stamme fra en eldre nedgravning, som ble fjernet da den yngre og større gropen ble anlagt.
Prosjektleder. Hege Damlie
Kullgroper. Sveen 6/6, Grov 7/4, Bø 8/2, Kasa 9/2, Strand 10/4, Gudbrandslie, Vang kommune, Oppland.
No full textI forbindelse med reguleringsplanen før Gudbrandslie, Vang Kommune, ble 33 kullgroper undersøkt, som et ledd i en større undersøkelse i regi av KHM. Av disse var en kullgrop ikke tidligere registrert. To kullgroper ble avskrevet ved nærmere undersøkelser. I tillegg ble et jernvinneanlegg oppdaget og utgravning ble iverksatt av øvrig personell fra KHM. 13 kullgroper ble snittet med maskin, 1 ble flategravd med maskin, mens det ble foretatt prøvestikk i 18 kullgroper. Av de maskinelt undersøkte gropene ble 11 tolket som sirkulære eller ovale, 2 som tilnærmet firkantete, mens 1 ikke kunne typebestemmes. I 5 kullgroper kunne 2 faser dokumenteres. Kullgropene har i all hovedsak blitt 14C-datert til vikingtid/tidlig middelalder – høymiddelalder, men dateringer fra tidlig vikingtid og etter-reformatorisk tid har også forekommet. Kullgropenes form og alder samsvarer med det som tidligere er kjent fra området og denne delen av Østlandet, men er både noe mindre og har generelt sett noe eldre dateringer enn det som har forekommet ved andre undersøkelser i Oppland.
Prosjektleder: Jan Henning Larsen
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