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In-situ characterization of Øysand sand with CPTU add-on tool Flow Cone and HPT
No full textHydraulisk konduktivitet spiller en kritisk rolle for mange problemstillinger innenfor geoteknisk prosjektering, slik som heving av grunnen i en byggegrop eller bøttefundament på havets dyp. I konsolideringsteori spiller hydraulisk konduktivitet nok en viktig rolle og er med på å bestemme de grunnleggende parameterne for setning og styrke. Hydraulisk konduktivitet bestemmer hvor for dissiperingen av ekstra poretrykk tar for et materiale som er utsatt for en ny last. Derfor er hydraulisk konduktivtet også en svært viktig parameter for nøyaktige numeriske beregninger. Desverre er hydraulisk konduktivitet også en av de geotekniske parameterene som viser størst variasjon i verdi. På grunn av kornskjelletet og oppførselen til sand, silt eller blandinger av disse med finere kornfraksjoner, er det vanskelig å bestemme in-situ hydraulisk konduktivitet.
I denne studien er nye metoder for in-situ målinger og kalkulasjoner av hydraulisk konduktivitet testet ved NGTS Øysand, som består hovedsaklig av sandig silt og noe leire ved enkelte dyp. I tillegg til feltforsøk er hydraulisk konduktivitet testet på gamle, frosne prøver i en treaksiale celle. Flow Cone og Hydraulic Profiling Tool ble testet ved to forskjellige lokasjoner på Øysand og sammenlignet med in-situ falling head prøver, estimering av hydraulisk konduktivitet ved hjelp av CPTU data og resultater fra treaksial forsøk.
Ved en rask prosedyre ble en frossen sylinder med størrelse 103 mm til tre prøveeksemplar ved trimming, kutting og kjerneborring. Dette resulterte i to horisontale prøver og 1 vertikal prøve. I tillegg ble en ikke-fryst prøve skjøvet ut og trimmet. Denne kom fra en annen lokasjon enn de frosne prøvene på Øysand.
Felttester ble gjennomført av forfatter med hjelp fra personell og borerigg fra NGI. Totalt ble 4 standrør installert ved forskjellige dybder for for in-situ falling head tester. Tre kjøringer med HPT og en kjøring med Flow Cone ble gjennomført ved to forskjellige lokasjoner. Forskjellige tolkningsmetoder ble benyttet til å beregne hydraulisk konduktivitet. I tillegg ble dissipasjon av økt poretrykk brukt til å estimere den horisontale konsolideringskoeffisienten ved hjelp av målinger fra Flow Cone.
De forskjellige tolkningsmetodene for HPT viser stor variasjon, men en metode sammenfaller godt med in-situ falling head tester. Desverre ble bare tre kjøringer av tester ved to forskjellige dybder brukbare fra Flow Cone forsøk. Likevell viser resultater fra Flow Cone bra potensiale, sammenlignet med estimeringer av hydraulisk konduktivitet fra CPTU data. Estimater for horisontale konsolideringskoeffisienter er presentert.
Alle resultater for hydraulisk konduktivitet er sammenlignet med hverandre fra sine respektive lokasjoner. Ved sammenligning ble det anbefalt hydrauliske profiler for testlokasjonene. Til slutt ble alle tolkningsmetodene evaluert.Hydraulic conductivity plays a critical role in many aspects of geotechnical engineering, like uplift forces in a sheet pile building pit or suction bucket installations at the bottom of the sea. Also, during the process of consolidation, hydraulic conductivity is a fundamental parameter for analyzing the rate at which excess pore water dissipates from saturated soils. Therefore, the accurate determination of hydraulic conductivity is crucial for predicting settlement and getting accurate soil models in numerical calculations. However, the parameter is victim of large variations in numerical value and is tricky to determine in sand, silts or mixtures of these with finer grain material.
In this study, new methods and tools for in-situ measurements and calculations of hydraulic conductivity was employed at sandy, silty test site NGTS Øysand, just outside Trondheim, Norway. In addition, hydraulic triaxial tests were performed on a previous frozen sample from the same test site. The Flow Cone and Hydraulic Profiling Tool was tested at two different test locations at NGTS Øysand and compared to in-situ falling head tests, estimation of hydraulic conductivity by CPTU data and results from hydraulic triaxial tests.
A frozen 103 mm sample of mostly sandy silt with some clay content was trimmed, cored and cut with great caution to not reduce the temperature of the specimens. Two horizontal specimens and one vertical specimens was gathered from the 103 mm frozen sample. In addition, an older piston sampled sandy, clayey silt specimen was made available and tested in triaxial cell.
Field tests were performed by the author with help of crew and boring rig from NGI. In total, four standpipes were relative closely installed at different depths for in-situ falling head tests. Three HPT runs and one Flow Cone run was performed at various locations. Different methodologies were employed to interpret and calculate the hydraulic conductivity. In addition, a excess pore pressure dissipation methodology for estimation of horizontal coefficient of consolidation was trialled for the Flow Cone.
Big variation in results for the different employed methodologies for HPT is eminent, but one method shows good correlation with in-situ falling head tests. Unfortunately, only three of the depth internal Flow Cone tests were acceptable in terms of determining a value for hydraulic conductivity, but the results are promising, compared to CPTU estimations. Estimated coefficients of horizontal consolidation is presented for each internal depth test.
All hydraulic conductivity results were compared with other results from respective locations. By a process of comparison with results from the other tests, the methodology which gave the best fit was presented as hydraulic profile for its position. At last, evaluation of employed methodologies is presented
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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