1,720,970 research outputs found
DISASTER IN SYARIAH PERSPECTIVE: A STUDY ON CUSTOM AND LOCAL WISDOM CORRELATION .
No full textThe sources of Syariah (Islamic law) are classified into two categories; primary and secondary sources. In fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), the classification is important for it will determine from which the ahkam (rules) of Allah are discovered, in which the dalil (guide) or source of Syariah will give weight. The majority of scholars agreed that there are four primary sources for Syariah; Quran, Sunnah, Qiyas (analogy). The other category is the secondary sources in which the scholars differ in utilising them as a basis in deriving the ahkam. Some scholars considered them as a source, whilst others decline to utilise them in deriving the rulings of Fiqh. or adat (custom) is one of the Syariah secondary sources defined as the matter on which a community of people agree in the course of their daily life, or it is a common usage to refer to specific actions repeatedly performed by individuals and communities. Majority of mazahib (schools of fiqh) consider a legal principle in respect of matters about which there is no definitive actions. They consider as a dalil when there is no specific nas (text) or it is contrary to any other dalil. Meanwhile, local wisdom (local knowledge) can be defined as a policy or noble values contained in the richness of the local culture in the form of traditions, manners and life mott
The Role of Shari'ah Principles in Guaranteeing Halal Logistics: A Review
Full text linkShari'ah principles play an important role in ensuring that the activities of the Halal industry are conducted in a way that conforms to Islamic principles. Processing Halal products requires logistics that adhere to Shari'ah principles, from the raw material to the products used by consumers. A Shari'ah-compliant approach ensures Halal is guaranteed throughout the Halal logistics process. This paper aims to uncover the Shari'ah principles as a basic reference in implementing the logistics activity process and protecting Halal products from elements that can tarnish their Halal status. A review of conference papers, scientific journals, and related scientific books was done to achieve the goal. It is concluded that the principles of Shari'ah are important in Halal logistics so that the product is always guaranteed to be Halal. Customers will have a greater sense of confidence in their Halal products
ARAK DAN MINUMAN-MINUMAN YANG MEMABUKKAN MENURUT PANDANGAN ULAMA EMPAT MAZHAB DAN FATWA
Full text linkSyariat Islam telah mengharamkan penggunaan arak sebagai minuman dan telah menetapkan hukuman hudud kepada pesalah. Isu permasalahan yang timbul adalah dengan adanya pelbagai jenis minuman selain arak pada masa kini yang juga boleh memabukkan baik dengan prosesnya secara mutlak seperti bir mahupun perubahannya secara semula jadi seperti perapan anggur. Isu tersebut telah dibahaskan oleh para ulama’ fuqaha’ 4 mazhab. Arak bukan sahaja minuman yang dihasilkan dari perahan buah anggur, malah para ulama’ fuqaha’ empat Mazhab juga mendefinisikan arak sebagai segala minuman yang memabukkan. Akan tetapi, terdapat perselisihan pendapat antara mereka mengenai beberapa keadaan yang membolehkan sesuatu minuman itu dikategorikan sebagai arak. Mereka bersepakat dalam menetapkan 40 sebatan bagi hukuman had minum arak. Namun, Mazhab Hanafi berbeza dalam membahagikan hukuman had minum arak kepada dua iaitu hukuman had minum dan had mabuk. Selain itu juga, mereka mempunyai pandangan yang berbeza tentang syarat perbuatan minum itu bagi mensabitkan seseorang bersalah serta dihukum had minum arak. Oleh itu, kajian ini dibuat bagi menjelaskan perbezaan pendapat tentang arak di kalangan empat mazhab Islam dan fatwa ini.
 
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
الأجرة في منظور مذهبي الشافعي والحنبلي: دراسة مقارنة: Al-Ujrah From Al-Shafi\u27i and Hanbali Mazhab: A Comparative Study
Full text linkالأجرة مبدأ مقابلة الأعمال والخدمات. وهي من الأعمال قديما وحديثا في المعاملات. سوف يقوم هذا البحث بدراسة الأجرة في منظور مذهبي الشافعي والحنبلي ثم المقارنة بينهما. وهناك عناصر متساوية من حيث مبدأ الأجرة والصلة بينهما. وانطلاقا من هذا، تستهدف الدراسة توضيح مفهوم الأجرة من منظور مذهبي الشافعي والحنبلي، وتوضيح مصطلحات أخرى تشبه مفهوم الأجرة، وتقارن حكم الأجرة بين المذهبين في بعض القضايا. استخدم الباحثون في كتابة البحث وجمع المعلومات حوله المنهج الوصفي لبيان الأجر، والمنهج الاستقرائي. وسيقوم الباحثون في هذا المنهج بجمع جميع المعلومات المتعلقة باستخراج هذه المعلومات من كتب التراث، والمقالات العلمية، والمجلات التي تتعلق بأحكام الأجرة. ثم المنهج الاستنباطي لبيان أدلتهم في الموضوع والمقارنة بين المذهبين. على هذا النحو، قد توصل الباحثون في نهاية الدراسة إلى نتائج البحث منها معرفة الأدلة الشرعية على جواز الأجرة اعتماداً على الأدلة المعتبرة، وأن هناك أوجه الخلاف والاتفاق بين المذهبين في بعض القضايا مثل قضية أخذ الأجرة على تعليم القرآن وعلوم الشريعة وفي تجهيز الميت، وأن هناك مصطلحات أخرى لعناصر الأجرة مثل الجعالة والإجارة.
The ujrah is the principle of corresponding business and service. It is an old and modern business in transactions. This research will study on ujrah in the Shafi\u27i and Hanbali mazhab and compare between the two. In terms of Ujrah principles, there are similar elements and relationship between these two mazhabs. Based on this, the research aims at explaining the concept of ujrah from the perspective of the mazhab of Shafi\u27i and Hanbali, and clarifying other terms that resemble the concept of ujrah, as well as comparing the rules of ujrah between the two mazhabs in some issues. The research used descriptive approach in discussing the issues on ujrah and the inductive methodology. Adopting this methodology, the research will collect all information related to explanation on the issues based on classical books, articles and magazines related to the topic. Meanwhile the deductive approach is used to show their evidence in the subject and judgments and to establish comparison between the two mazhabs. Among the results of the research are Ujrah is permissible and legitimate according to authentic jurisprudential evidence (dalil mu’tabar). There are differences and similarities between the two mazhab in some cases such as taking a fee on teaching of Quran and Sharia sciences, dealing with the dead, and there are other terminologies under the ujrah such as ju’alah and ijarah.الأجرة مبدأ مقابلة الأعمال والخدمات. وهي من الأعمال قديما وحديثا في المعاملات. سوف يقوم هذا البحث بدراسة الأجرة في منظور مذهبي الشافعي والحنبلي ثم المقارنة بينهما. وهناك عناصر متساوية من حيث مبدأ الأجرة والصلة بينهما. وانطلاقا من هذا، تستهدف الدراسة توضيح مفهوم الأجرة من منظور مذهبي الشافعي والحنبلي، وتوضيح مصطلحات أخرى تشبه مفهوم الأجرة، وتقارن حكم الأجرة بين المذهبين في بعض القضايا. استخدم الباحثون في كتابة البحث وجمع المعلومات حوله المنهج الوصفي لبيان الأجر، والمنهج الاستقرائي. وسيقوم الباحثون في هذا المنهج بجمع جميع المعلومات المتعلقة باستخراج هذه المعلومات من كتب التراث، والمقالات العلمية، والمجلات التي تتعلق بأحكام الأجرة. ثم المنهج الاستنباطي لبيان أدلتهم في الموضوع والمقارنة بين المذهبين. على هذا النحو، قد توصل الباحثون في نهاية الدراسة إلى نتائج البحث منها معرفة الأدلة الشرعية على جواز الأجرة اعتماداً على الأدلة المعتبرة، وأن هناك أوجه الخلاف والاتفاق بين المذهبين في بعض القضايا مثل قضية أخذ الأجرة على تعليم القرآن وعلوم الشريعة وفي تجهيز الميت، وأن هناك مصطلحات أخرى لعناصر الأجرة مثل الجعالة والإجارة.
The ujrah is the principle of corresponding business and service. It is an old and modern business in transactions. This research will study on ujrah in the Shafi\u27i and Hanbali mazhab and compare between the two. In terms of Ujrah principles, there are similar elements and relationship between these two mazhabs. Based on this, the research aims at explaining the concept of ujrah from the perspective of the mazhab of Shafi\u27i and Hanbali, and clarifying other terms that resemble the concept of ujrah, as well as comparing the rules of ujrah between the two mazhabs in some issues. The research used descriptive approach in discussing the issues on ujrah and the inductive methodology. Adopting this methodology, the research will collect all information related to explanation on the issues based on classical books, articles and magazines related to the topic. Meanwhile the deductive approach is used to show their evidence in the subject and judgments and to establish comparison between the two mazhabs. Among the results of the research are Ujrah is permissible and legitimate according to authentic jurisprudential evidence (dalil mu’tabar). There are differences and similarities between the two mazhab in some cases such as taking a fee on teaching of Quran and Sharia sciences, dealing with the dead, and there are other terminologies under the ujrah such as ju’alah and ijarah
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
