1,721,676 research outputs found
Islamisasi di Gumi Sasak
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan ruang kosong tentang islamisasi di Gumi Sasak dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka. Hasil penelisikan terhadap teori-teori dan artikel jurnal ilmiah yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tidak tertutup kemungkinan bahwa Islam sudah masuk di Gumi Sasak sejak abad IX M yang dibawa oleh para pedagang muslim dan ulama dari luar; perkembangan Islam di Gumi Sasak dimulai sejak abad XIII M hingga abad XVIII M; dan periode kejayaan Islam di Gumi Sasak berada pada rentang waktu abad XVI M hingga paroh abad XVIII M. Abstract: This research aims to discover the gaps in the process of Islamization in Gumi Sasak through a literature review approach. Investigation into existing theories and scholarly journal articles indicates the possibility that Islam had already permeated Gumi Sasak since the 9th century AD, brought by Muslim traders and scholars from outside; the development of Islam in Gumi Sasak began from the 13th century AD to the 18th century AD; and the peak period of Islam in Gumi Sasak occurred between the 16th century AD and the first half of the 18th century A
Surya Gantari Gumi
Full text link“Surya Gantari Gumi”
Tidak terbayang bagaimana tuhan menciptakan kehidupan alam ini sehingga tidak pernah bosan untuk dinikmati, semua keindahan yang tersedia dari ujung atas sampai bawah gunung hingga laut adalah sumber segala aktifitas seni yang bisa dikembangkan oleh manusia. “Surya Gantari Gumi” yang berarti matahari menyinari bumi. Siklus matahari terbit dari ufuk timur tidak henti-hentinya menyinari alam beserta isinya. Perjalanan sang surya dari sejak kemunculannya di ufuk timur hingga terbenamnya di ufuk barat menyemangati semua aktifitas kehidupan manusia sehari-hari, perpaduan perjalanan sang surya dengan aktifitas manusia memunculkan suasana musikal yang dapat menginspirasi penata.
Dari fenomena tersebut penata ingin mencoba menggarap karya seni karawitan dengan media ungkap Gong Kebyar melalui pengolahan unsur musikal seperti melodi, tempo, ritme, dan dinamika yang dikemas menjadi sebuah komposisi tabuh kreasi “Surya Gantari Gumi”
Kajian Ekologi Lingkungan Dalam Upacara Ngelukat Gumi
Full text linkEkologi dalam upacara Ngelukat Gumi memiliki arti penting dalam konteks permbersihan atau penyucian alam semesta yang melibatkan aspek Bhuana Agung(alam makrokosmos) dan Bhuana Alit(alam mikrokosmos),Ngelukat Gumi merupakan sebuah upacara dalam catur Desa Adat Dalem Tamblingan yang dijadikan tujuan menjaga keharmonisan dan keseimbangan alam semesta.Dalam upacara Ngelukat Gumi,masyarakat Catur Desa melibatkan aspek ekologi dengan cara membersihkan dan menyucikan alam semesta,pembersihan alam semesta ini mencakup dua dimensi penting yaitu Bhuana Agung Dan Bhuana Alit.Bhuana Agung mencerminkan alam semesta secara keseluruhan atau dalam konteks luas,termasuk kedalam elemen air,tanah,udara,dan api.Bhuana Alit mencapuk aspek Mikrokosmos seperti tumbuhan,binatang,dan manusia.Selain aspek fisik,Ngelukat Gumi juga memiliki dimensi spiritual yang tinggi berkaitan dengan Ekologi,umat Hindu percaya bahwa alam semesta adalah tempat tinggal bagi roh-roh leluhur dan para dewa, menjaga kesucian alam semesta berarti menjaga hubungan spiritual dengan mereka.Dalam Upacara Ngelukat Gumi umat hindu berharap untuk mendapatkan berkah dan keharmonisan dengan alam semesta .Upacara Ngelukat Gumi menunjukkan kesadaran akan pentingnya Ekologi dan keberlanjutan alam semesta ,ini mencerminkan pemahaman bahwa kehidupan manusia tidak dapat dipisahkan dari lingkungan hidupnya ,dengan menjaga Ekologi,umat Hindu berharap untuk menciptakan keharmonisan antara manusia dan alam serta mewujudkan kehidupan yang lebih berkelanjutan bagi generasi saat ini dan dimasa depa
Mycobacteria and zoonoses among pastoralists and their livestock in south-east Ethiopia
Full text linkGlobally, tuberculosis (TB) causes millions of deaths per year. Ethiopia ranks seventh among the world’s 22 countries with high tuberculosis burden. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) is the most common cause of human TB, but an unknown proportion of cases are due to M. bovis. Although cattle are considered to be the main hosts of M. bovis, isolations have been made from many other livestock and wildlife species and transmission to humans constitutes a public health problem. BTB became rare in human and cattle in developed countries as the result of milk pasteurization and test and slaughter policy. A Test and slaughter control option is difficult to apply in developing countries due to high cost of implementation. TB caused by M. bovis is clinically indistinguishable from TB caused by M. tuberculosis and can only be differentiated by laboratory methods. A considerable amount of suspected human TB and TB like-lesions specimens in animals were identified as non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in numerous reports. Conventional diagnostic laboratory methods are not accurate enough to identify NTM from Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based molecular techniques are appropriate methods to differentiate NTM from MTC.
BTB is endemic in Ethiopian cattle in central highlands and the situation is not well known in pastoral areas. Further more a zoonotic link of M. bovis was not documented in Ethiopia.
Limited information is available on the status of brucellosis and Q-fever in livestock of southeast Ethiopian pastoralists. In the present study we investigate the presence of zoonotic transmission of tuberculosis at the human-livestock interface and assess the status of brucellosis and Q-fever in pastoral livestock of southeast Ethiopia in Oromia and Somali Regional States.
Comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CIDT) was conducted in 894 cattle from Dhuko, Sirba, Arda-Bururi and Siminto pastoral association (PA) in Oromia and Hayadimtu, Bifatu, Melkalibe and Bakaka PAs in Somali region. In addition 479 camels and 518 goats were included from the same PAs in Somali region. The test results were interpreted based on the Office Internationale des Epizooties (OIE) recommended 4 mm and a recently suggested 2 mm cut-off for the CIDT test in cattle and >4 mm was used for camels and goats. The individual animal prevalence of tuberculin reactors was 4.0% (95% CI= 2.7-5.3%) and 5.4% (95% CI= 3.9-6.8%) when using the 4 mm and the 2 mm cut-off, respectively. BTB prevalence was 0.4% (95% CI= -0.2-1.0%) and 0.2 %( 95% CI=-0.2-0.6%) in camels and goats, respectively. In Somali region prevalence of avian PPD reactors in cattle, camels and goats were 0.7% (95% CI= 0.2-2.0%), 10.0 %( 95% CI= 7.0-14.0 %) and 1.0% (95% CI= 0.3-4.0%), respectively, whereby camels had an odds ratio (OR) of 16.5 (95% CI=5.0- 55.0) when compared to cattle. As compared to Somali regions high prevalence of BTB reactor cattle were from Oromia region with some hot spot PAs; Arda-Bururi and Siminto in Oromia and Hayadimitu in Somali region and risk factors to be further investigated. The high proportion of camel reactors to avian PPD needs further investigation of its impact on camel production.
Sputum and fine-needle aspirate (FNA) specimens were collected from 260 patients with suspected pulmonary TB and from 32 cases with suspect TB lymphadenitis, respectively. In parallel, 207 suspected tuberculous lesions were collected from livestock slaughtered at abattoirs. Specimens were processed and cultured for mycobacteria; samples with acid-fast stained bacilli were further characterized by molecular methods including genus and deletion typing as well as spoligotyping. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) were sequenced at the 16S rDNA locus. Culturing and molecular typing of acid-fast bacilli collected from humans yielded 174 (67%) and 9 (28%) mycobacterial isolates from sputum and FNA, respectively, of which 161 were characterized as M. tuberculosis, three were M. bovis, and the remaining 10 were typed as NTMs. Similarly, a yield of 40 (23%) mycobacterial isolates was recorded from tuberculous lesions of livestock animals, including 24 M. bovis and 4 NTMs from cattle, 1 M. tuberculosis and 1 NTM from camels, and nine NTMs from goats. Isolation of M. bovis from humans and M. tuberculosis from animal confirmed transmission between livestock and humans in the pastoral areas of southeast Ethiopia.
Simultaneous surveys of brucellosis and Q-fever were conducted in animals tested for tuberculin skin test. Sera were collected from all livestock tested for BTB to assess the status of brucellosis and Q-fever in pastoral livestock of study area. A total of 1830 animals comprising 862 cattle, 458 camels and 510 goats were screened initially with Rose Bengal test (RBT) for brucellosis. All RBT positive and 25% of negative animals were further tested using ELISA. These comprise a total of 460 animals (211 cattle, 102 camels and 147 goats). Besides, sera from a total of 368 animals (180 cattle, 90 camels and 98 goats) were tested for Q-fever using ELISA kit. The sero-prevalence of brucellosis in RBT tested animals was 1.4% (95% CI= 0.8, 2.6%), 0.9% (95% CI= 0.3, 2.7%) and 9.6% (95% CI =5.2, 17.1) in cattle, camels and goats, respectively. Twelve percent (12.0%) of negative camel sera were positive for ELISA. Thus, ELISA is more sensitive than RBT in the present study. The sero-prevalences of Q-fever were 31.6% (95% CI=24.7-39.5%), 90.0% (95% CI= 81.8-94.7%) and 54.2% (95% CI= 46.1-62.1%) in cattle, camels and goats, respectively. Both brucellosis and Q-fever are prevalent in the study area. High seropositivity of Q-fever in all livestock species tested and higher seropositive in goats for brucellosis implies risks of human infection by both diseases. Thus, warrant further study of both diseases in animals and humans in the area.
The simultaneous study of mycobacteria in humans and livestock, and other zoonoses in the present study demonstrates an added value of a “One Health” approach of closer cooperation of human and animal health sectors in Ethiopian pastoralist
Elastic band games GUMI-GUMI
Full text linkIgra je jedna od temeljnih pretpostavki za pravilan rast i razvoj dječjeg organizma. Kao izazov u pronalaženju rješenja problemima te zadovoljavajući potrebu za kretanjem, neupitna je njena vrijednost. Samim tijekom, kroz igru, dijete prolazi kroz veliki spektar osjećaja, dolazeći do završno povoljnog emocionalnog stanja. Današnja praksa pokazuje da se sve rjeđe djeca igraju izvan domova i time nesvjesno gube na razini motoričkih i funkcionalnih sposobnosti te bazičnih antropoloških karakteristika. U ovom diplomskom radu prikupljene su, klasificirane i detaljno opisane varijante igara sa elastičnom trakom “gumi-gumi“, koje su igrale naše mame i bake, a ovim putem ih spašavamo od zaborava.The game is one of the basic hypotheses for the proper growth and development of the child's organism. As a challenge in finding a solution to the problems and satisfying the need for movement, beyond doubt it’s her value. Consequently flow through the game, the child passes through a large range of his feelings, coming to a favourable final emotional state. Today's reality is that all children rarely play outside the homes and thus unconsciously to lose the level of motoric, functional abilities and basic anthropological characteristics. The variants of games with elastic band "elastics" are collected, classified and described in detail, which played our mothers and grandmothers, and this way we save them from oblivion
429. Shinsen-gumi
No full textIwao Seiichi, Iyanaga Teizō, Ishii Susumu, Yoshida Shōichirō, Fujimura Jun'ichirō, Fujimura Michio, Yoshikawa Itsuji, Akiyama Terukazu, Iyanaga Shōkichi, Matsubara Hideichi. 429. Shinsen-gumi. In: Dictionnaire historique du Japon, volume 18, 1992. Lettre S (2) p. 64
465. Kobushin-gumi
No full textIwao Seiichi, Iyanaga Teizō, Ishii Susumu, Yoshida Shōichirō, Fujimura Jun'ichirō, Fujimura Michio, Yoshikawa Itsuji, Akiyama Terukazu, Iyanaga Shōkichi, Matsubara Hideichi. 465. Kobushin-gumi. In: Dictionnaire historique du Japon, volume 13, 1987. Lettre K (3) p. 14
201. Tenchū-gumi
No full textIwao Seiichi, Iyanaga Teizō, Ishii Susumu, Yoshida Shōichirō, Fujimura Jun'ichirō, Fujimura Michio, Yoshikawa Itsuji, Akiyama Terukazu, Iyanaga Shōkichi, Matsubara Hideichi. 201. Tenchū-gumi. In: Dictionnaire historique du Japon, volume 19, 1993. Lettre T. p. 74
237. Katakura-gumi
No full textIwao Seiichi, Iyanaga Teizō, Ishii Susumu, Yoshida Shōichirō, Fujimura Jun'ichirō, Fujimura Michio, Yoshikawa Itsuji, Akiyama Terukazu, Iyanaga Shōkichi, Matsubara Hideichi. 237. Katakura-gumi. In: Dictionnaire historique du Japon, volume 12, 1986. Lettre K (2) pp. 14-15
191. Dōmei-shinkō gumi
No full textIwao Seiichi, Sakamato Tarō, Hōgetsu Keigo, Yoshikawa Itsuji, Akiyama Terukazu, Iyanaga Shōkichi, Matsubara Hideichi, Kanazawa Shizue. 191. Dōmei-shinkō gumi. In: Dictionnaire historique du Japon, volume 4, 1978. Lettres D et E. pp. 108-109
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