1,721,143 research outputs found
A Study on the Calligraphy of Gui Fu
No full textDuring the Qianlong-Jiaqing Era, there has been a rise in stele studies. Under the influence of highly-concerned textural studies and epigraphy, the calligraphic style in Qing dynasty became simple and unadorned with emphasis on archaism. Gui Fu (1736-1805), known as one of the 'four famous experts in Shuowen,' not only conducted academic research, but also investigated the inscriptions on ancient bronzes and stone tablets. Although his calligraphic and seal cutting works are not plenteous, the quantity is still impressive. All the time he is well-known for his clerical script, which served as a direct connection to Han dynasty. Gui Fu was imbued with conventional Confucianism and devoted his whole life to studying philology. The interaction between such circumstances and his penchant made his style simple, modest, and archaic. However, the specialized research on the calligraphy of Gui Fu is not given enough weight in recent time. Based on his significant accomplishment in academic research, as well as the sensible manner of a classics scholar revealed in his calligraphy art, the author therefore chose Gui Fu as the research topic.
The research purpose of this paper is to understand Gui Fu's learning procedure of calligraphy, to compare the different calligraphic style between his early and late periods, to relate the dated works with the undated and gauge the probable creation time for the undated works, and by predecessors' comments, to comprehend his artistic evaluation in the calligraphic development and history of Qing dynasty. The research methods adopted include documentary analysis and comparative analysis. Through a comprehensive collection of materials, analysis, summary, and a comparison between Gui Fu's calligraphic scripts and the Han steles that were imitated in his learning process, the author attempts to organize his bequeathed calligraphic scripts both in the early and late periods, and to summarize his various characteristics and calligraphic styles.
Gui Fu's accomplishments in clerical script art came from widely imitating the Han steles, from tracing back to antiquities, from carrying on the tradition of clerical script from Han dynasty, and from breaking away from the weird wavelike strokes and bizarre character structure. His profound knowledge consummated a unique point of view in calligraphy. His aesthetic perspective in clerical script can been seen especially in the 'Clerical Script Works of Qing Dynasty.'. Gui Fu's early and late calligraphic styles were distinguished by the age of 61; henceforth, the form of his whole characters became square, and his strokes came to be muscular, firm and rich. His archaic and vigorous calligraphic style revealed the active spirits of Confucianism, and formed a modest and profound personal style. In sum, Gui Fu is one of the main calligraphers of stele studies and clerical script in Qing dynasty.乾嘉之際，碑學興起，考據、金石受到高度關注的影響下，清代書風轉變為質樸尚古。桂馥（1736－1805）以「說文四大家」聞名於世，除了學術研究之外，研討金石碑版，於書法、篆刻方面雖然作品數量不豐，然頗有可觀，向來以隸著稱，其隸書直接漢人，受正統儒學薰染與畢生窮究小學，環境與嗜好的交互作用下造就其平實沉著的古樸之風。近來對於桂馥書法的專門研究並未受到重視，然以其在學術研究上的高度成就，書法藝術流露出經學家的理智氣度，因而選擇以桂馥作為此次研究主題。
本文研究目的在於了解桂馥書法學習歷程，比較桂馥前後期書風差異，將「紀年」與「未紀年」作品相互參照，判斷「未紀年」作品約略創作時期，藉由前人評價，了解他在清代書法發展史所在的藝術定位。研究方法採取文獻分析法與比較研究法，透過全面性的資料蒐集、分析彙整，再將桂馥書跡與學書歷程中所臨習漢碑對比，整理其前後時期傳世書跡，歸納出不同的特色與書風。
桂馥的隸書藝術成就來自廣泛臨寫漢碑，溯源古典，繼承漢隸的傳統，並且脫離清初以來詭異的波挑線條和怪異的結字架構，其深厚的學術涵養成就獨到的書法見解，尤於《國朝隸品》中可見其對隸書的審美觀點；六十一歲界分出前後期書風之差異，整體字形走向方正，而且用筆更為雄健渾厚，古樸遒健書風流露儒家積極精神，形成端莊厚重的個人風格，是清代碑學隸書的主要書家之一。桂馥書法研究
目次
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………………………1
第一節 研究動機與目的…………………………………………………………1
第二節 研究資料探討………………………………………………………………2
第三節 研究範圍、方法與限制………………………………………………4
第二章 桂馥家世生平與交遊 ……………………………………………………9
第一節 家世生平 ……………………………………………………………………………9
第二節 交遊 ……………………………………………………………………………15
第三章 桂馥與書法相關的學術研究…………………………………………25
第一節 桂馥與書法相關的文字學研究 ……………………………25
一、篆隸兼用古籀 …………………………………………………………………25
二、變形及訛混現象 ……………………………………………………………30
三、文字演變的規律 ……………………………………………………………36
第二節 桂馥與書法相關的金石學研究 ………………………………38
一、研討金石碑版 …………………………………………………………………41
二、考證文字變遷 …………………………………………………………………43
第三節 篆刻研究 ……………………………………………………………………47
一、師法秦漢，力主復古 ……………………………………………………47
二、篆刻成就 …………………………………………………………………………51
第四章 桂馥的學書歷程與書法言論…………………………………………57
第一節 書學淵源 ……………………………………………………………………57
一、取法漢碑 ………………………………………………………………………57
二、友人切磋 ………………………………………………………………………64
第二節 書法言論 ……………………………………………………………………67
一、書法言論 …………………………………………………………………………67
二、《國朝隸品》 …………………………………………………………………70
第五章 桂馥書法分期、特色與評價…………………………………………77
第一節 傳世作品書法分期………………………………………………………77
一、前期（61歲以前……………………………………………………………78
二、後期（61歲以後）…………………………………………………………90
第二節 桂馥書法特色 ……………………………………………………………97
一、筆法墨韻，淳古樸茂………………………………………………………97
二、結字布局，平實嚴謹………………………………………………………101
三、多元取法，兼容並蓄………………………………………………………105
四、書跡辨真 …………………………………………………………………………110
第三節 桂馥書法的評價…………………………………………………………114
一、正面評價…………………………………………………………………………114
二、負面評價…………………………………………………………………………116
第四節 桂馥在書法史之定位………………………………………………118
第六章 結論……………………………………………………………………………………125
參考書目……………………………………………………………………………………………127
附錄一 桂馥記年書法年表……………………………………………………………135
附錄二 桂馥未記年書法年表………………………………………………………13
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
