122,818 research outputs found
Adoption and diffusion of no tillage practices in Southern Spain olive groves
No full textThis paper analyses the process of adoption of no tillage in South-eastern Spain’s olive groves. Olive tree groves in South-eastern Spain’s mountainous areas are subject to a high risk of soil erosion, which is the main environmental problem for this crop, and have to incur in high costs of soil conservation. This results in a greater difficulty to comply with the practices required to benefit from both the single payment and agri-environmental schemes. In many high-steeped areas, farmers have opted for non-tillage practices as an alternative to other conservation practices. Using our own data from a survey carried out in 2006 among 215 olive tree farmers from the Granada Province in Southern Spain regarding the adoption of soil conservation and management practices, we model the diffusion process of no tillage practices using several specifications (logistic, Gompertz and exponential). We also estimate an ordered probit model to analyse which socio-economic and institutional factors determine the adoption of no tillage. Our results show that 90% of farmers in the area of study perform no tillage with either localized (21%) or no localized (69%) application of weedicides. The diffusion process of no tillage has been very intense since the middle nineties, and has been based on the interactions among farmers in the area of study rather than in external factors such as EU policies or extension services. Among other relevant factors that positively affect the adoption of no tillage practices in general, such as farm size and irrigation, the probability of a farmer adopting no tillage with non-localized application of weedicides increases when there is a relative that will continue with the farming activity, what causes the farmer to incorporate long term effects in his farming decisions, when the farmer is only a manager or when he bought the farm rather than inherited it (i.e. on more professionalized farms), and with his educational level. These results confirm some findings from previous studies in other nearby areas.Spanish olive groves, soil erosion, no tillage, Crop Production/Industries, Land Economics/Use,
Accounting Hall of Fame 1999 induction: Ray J. Groves
No full textFor the induction of Ray J. Groves there were: Remarks by Dennis R. Beresford, University of Georgia; citation by Daniel L. Jensen, The Ohio State University; Response by Ray J. Groves, Ernst & Young, retired, and Legg Mason Merchant Banking, Inc
Three-dimensional spectral measurements of paint samples using optical coherence tomography
No full textIn this study, we describe a method for measuring the spectral reflectance of a paint layer at both the surface and in the volume of the paint layers. We first present a fringes model which illustrates the possibilities for spectral reconstruction using a Short-Time-Fourier-Transform algorithm. We investigate the remaing percentage errors and identified that there is a strong fluctuation along the wavelength range of the spectrometer. Then, we demonstrate the validity of our approach experimentally by measuring the spectral reflectance of a paint layer using a custom-made visible light optical coherence tomography system. There, we reconstruct the spectral reflectance of a paint layer by probing the surface and a depth range below the surface. Finally, we show the importance to include a wavelength sensitive correction in the reconstruction for taking into account the spectral shape of the light in the reference path of the interferometer. This work is part of the Down To The Ground project, in which the results of the OCT inspection will be used directly by a consortium of technical art historians and conservators.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Structural Integrity & Composite
Employee Recreation : A Future Outlook
No full textBy David L. Groves, former College at Brockport faculty member, ... [et al.].https://digitalcommons.brockport.edu/bookshelf/1253/thumbnail.jp
MU students Dave Groves (l) and Bill ------- (r),
No full textMU students Dave Groves (l) and Bill ------- (r), b&w. Back reads: Selling mother\u27s day flowers in (student) union.https://mds.marshall.edu/parthenon_photo_morgue/1426/thumbnail.jp
Institute of Archaeology & Horn Archaeological Museum Newsletter Volume 18.4/19.1
No full textMPP 1998, Jennifer L. Groves
Questions? Comments?
Staff at Annual Meetings, Jennifer L. Groves
Grant Awarded, Jennifer L. Groves
Scholars Visit, Jennifer L. Groves
Lecture Series, Erin Westfall
Focus on Madaba, Erin Westfall
KRP in 1997, edited from communication with Gerald L. Mattingly
Map Restored, Jennifer L. Groves
Manual Revised, Philip R. Drey
Younker and Merling Publish, Jennifer L. Groves
Shea Honored, Jennifer L. Groves
HAM Visitors, Erin Westfall
Publications Director, Randall W. Younker
Al-Maktába: The Bookstore
Random Surveyhttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/iaham-news/1133/thumbnail.jp
Institute of Archaeology & Horn Archaeological Museum Newsletter Volume 19.2
No full textCoins Donated, Paul J. Ray Jr.
The Horn Archaeological Museum Exhibit
Jordanian Expo, Paul J. Ray Jr.
Lecture Series, Paul J. Ray Jr., Jennifer L. Groves
Inscriptions Published, Jennifer L. Groves
Al-Maktába: The Bookstore
Random Surveyhttps://digitalcommons.andrews.edu/iaham-news/1137/thumbnail.jp
Effects of interviewer attitudes and behaviors on refusal in household surveys
No full textInterviewers play a crucial role in gaining cooperation from a sample unit. This paper aims to identify the interviewer characteristics that influence survey cooperation. Of principal interest to survey practitioners are interviewer attributes associated with higher cooperation rates, particularly among sample members whose characteristics are traditionally associated with a lower probability of response. Our data source is unusually rich, in that it contains extensive information on interviewers, including their attitudes and behaviors, which are linked to detailed information on both responding and nonresponding sample units. An important value of the data is that they permit examining a host of as yet unanswered questions about whether some interviewer attributes stimulate cooperation among some respondents but not others. In short, we investigate whether some sample units react favorably to certain interviewer characteristics. A multilevel cross-classified logistic model with random interviewer effects is used to account for clustering of households within interviewers, due to unmeasured interviewer attributes, and for the cross-classification of interviewers within areas. The model allows for statistical interactions between interviewer and household characteristics.We find that interviewer confidence and attitudes toward persuading reluctant respondents play an important role in explaining between-interviewer variation in refusal rates. We also find evidence of interaction effects between the interviewer and householder, for example with respect to gender and educational level, supporting the notion of similarity between interviewers and respondents generating higher cooperation. The results are discussed with respect to potential implications for survey practice and desig
Secure Implementation Experiments: Do Strategy-proof Mechanisms Really Work?
No full textStrategy-proofness, requiring that truth-telling is a dominant strategy, is a standard concept used in social choice theory. Saijo et al. (2003) argue that this concept has serious drawbacks. In particular, many strategy-proof mechanisms have a continuum of Nash equilibria, including equilibria other than dominant strategy equilibria. For only a subset of strategy-proof mechanisms do the set of Nash equilibria and the set of dominant strategy equilibria coincide. For example, this double coincidence occurs in the Groves mechanism when preferences are single-peaked. We report experiments using two strategy-proof mechanisms. One of them has a large number of Nash equilibria, but the other has a unique Nash equilibrium. We found clear differences in the rate of dominant strategy play between the two.Experiment, Laboratory, Secure Implementation, Groves-Clarke, Pivotal, Learning
Andalusian Demand for Non-Market Goods from Mountain Olive Groves
No full textAgricultural multifunctionality is the recognition of the joint exercise of economic, environmental and social functions by this sector. In order to make this concept operative for the design of public policies, it is necessary to estimate the social demand for such functions. The main objective of this article is to present an empirical application in this line. For this purpose we have taken the agricultural system of mountain olive groves in Andalusia (Southern Spain) at risk of abandonment after the decoupling of the EU subsidies as a case study. The economic valuation technique used is the Choice Experiment. According to the results, there is a different contribution of each attribute to the improvement of the Society level of utility. The main finding of this study is the identification of a social demand for public goods and services provided by the mountains olive groves. This support for agricultural multifunctionality is heterogeneous in its perception by the citizens and the valuation of the various attributes that the concept involves. Taking into account the impact of an overall improvement in the attribute levels and the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents, the results suggest that women, people with higher education levels, urban citizens and families with more than three members are those who benefit most from the provision of public goods by agriculture. There is a different contribution of each attribute to the improvement of the Society level of utility. Thus, and taking into account its WTP for each attribute, keeping rural population in their villages and fighting soil erosion (with 22.61 and 21.55/individual/year, respectively) seem to be the most valued functions of the mountain olive groves by Andalusian citizens. It follows the improvement of the visual quality of the rural landscapes (12.20/individual/year) and the reduction of food residuals (7.14/individual/year). Finally, the results of this study support the new orientation of the CAP which makes decoupled payments on compliance with a range of environmental, food safety, animal and plant health and animal welfare standards, as a result of which, the cross-compliance requirement of the EU agricultural support will, presumably, promote a net increase in social welfare. Yet, according to the results of this research, some efforts should be done to allow cross-compliance to reinforce the objectives of keeping rural population in rural areas and the improvement of the landscape.Agricultural multifunctionality, Economic valuation, Choice experiment, Olive groves, Andalusia (Spain), Crop Production/Industries, Demand and Price Analysis, Q11, Q18, Q24,
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