174 research outputs found
Discrete Flavour Groups, \theta_13 and Lepton Flavour Violation
No full textDiscrete flavour groups have been studied in connection with special patterns of neutrino mixing suggested by the data, such as Tri-Bimaximal mixing (groups A4, S4...) or Bi-Maximal mixing (group S4...) etc. We review the predictions for sin(\theta_13) in a number of these models and confront them with the experimental measurements. We compare the performances of the different classes of models in this respect. We then consider, in a supersymmetric framework, the important implications of these flavour symmetries on lepton flavour violating processes, like \mu -> e gamma and similar processes. We discuss how the existing limits constrain these models, once their parameters are adjusted so as to optimize the agreement with the measured values of the mixing angles. In the simplified CMSSM context, adopted here just for indicative purposes, the small tan(beta) range and heavy SUSY mass scales are favoured by lepton flavour violating processes, which makes it even more difficult to reproduce the reported muon g-2 discrepancy.Discrete flavour groups have been studied in connection with special patterns of neutrino mixing suggested by the data, such as Tri-Bimaximal mixing (groups A4, S4...) or Bi-Maximal mixing (group S4...) etc. We review the predictions for sin(\theta_13) in a number of these models and confront them with the experimental measurements. We compare the performances of the different classes of models in this respect. We then consider, in a supersymmetric framework, the important implications of these flavour symmetries on lepton flavour violating processes, like \mu -> e gamma and similar processes. We discuss how the existing limits constrain these models, once their parameters are adjusted so as to optimize the agreement with the measured values of the mixing angles. In the simplified CMSSM context, adopted here just for indicative purposes, the small tan(beta) range and heavy SUSY mass scales are favoured by lepton flavour violating processes, which makes it even more difficult to reproduce the reported muon g-2 discrepancy
Heavy flavour physics results from LEP1
No full textRecent heavy flavour results from the LEP experiments are presented. These include a search for new physics in rare B decays, a new model-independent measurement of the b-quark fragmentation function at the Z peak, updated measurements of |Vcb|, results on DeltaGamma_s, searches for B0s oscillations, as well as a new measurement of sin(2beta). Many combined results, obtained by dedicated working groups are also given..
Selected results on heavy flavour physics at LHCb
No full textSelected results from the LHCb experiment in the domain of heavy flavour particle physics are presented. These results are split into two groups: the first concerns searches for new physics in the decays of charmed hadrons, and the second consists of studies of the spectroscopy of baryons
Inclusive heavy-flavour production at central and forward rapidity in Xe–Xe collisions at s NN = 5.44 TeV
No full textThe first measurements of the production of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in Xe-Xe collisions at root s(NN) = 5.44 TeV, using the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The measurement of the nuclear modification factor RAA is performed as a function of transverse momentum pT in several centrality classes at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) and midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.8) for muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays, respectively. A suppression by a factor up to about 2.5 compared to the binary-scaled pp reference is observed in central collisions at both central and forward rapidities. The RAA of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays is compared to previous measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at root sNN = 5.02 TeV. When the nuclear modification factors are compared in the centrality classes 0-10% for Xe-Xe collisions and 10-20% for Pb-Pb collisions, which have similar charged-particle multiplicity density, a similar suppression, with R-AA similar to 0.4 in the p(T) interval 4 < p(T) < 8 GeV/c, is observed. The comparison of the measured R-AA values in the two collision systems brings new insights on the properties of the quark-gluon plasma by investigating the system-size and geometry dependence of medium-induced parton energy loss. The results of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays provide new constraints to model calculations. (C) 2021 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V
Inclusive heavy-flavour production at central and forward rapidity in Xe-Xe collisions at , root sNN=5.44 TeV
No full textThe first measurements of the production of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in Xe-Xe collisions at root s(NN) = 5.44 TeV, using the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The measurement of the nuclear modification factor RAA is performed as a function of transverse momentum pT in several centrality classes at forward rapidity (2.5 < y < 4) and midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar < 0.8) for muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays, respectively. A suppression by a factor up to about 2.5 compared to the binary-scaled pp reference is observed in central collisions at both central and forward rapidities. The RAA of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays is compared to previous measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at root sNN = 5.02 TeV. When the nuclear modification factors are compared in the centrality classes 0-10% for Xe-Xe collisions and 10-20% for Pb-Pb collisions, which have similar charged-particle multiplicity density, a similar suppression, with R-AA similar to 0.4 in the p(T) interval 4 < p(T) < 8 GeV/c, is observed. The comparison of the measured R-AA values in the two collision systems brings new insights on the properties of the quark-gluon plasma by investigating the system-size and geometry dependence of medium-induced parton energy loss. The results of muons and electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays provide new constraints to model calculations. (C) 2021 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe
Inclusive and multiplicity dependent production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in pp and p-Pb collisions
No full textMeasurements of the production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV at midrapidity with the ALICE detector are presented down to a transverse momentum (p T) of 0.2 GeV/c and up to p T = 35 GeV/c, which is the largest momentum range probed for inclusive electron measurements in ALICE. In p-Pb collisions, the production cross section and the nuclear modification factor of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays are measured in the p T range 0.5 < p T < 26 GeV/c at sNN = 8.16 TeV. The nuclear modification factor is found to be consistent with unity within the statistical and systematic uncertainties. In both collision systems, first measurements of the yields of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays in different multiplicity intervals normalised to the multiplicity-integrated yield (self-normalised yield) at midrapidity are reported as a function of the self-normalised charged-particle multiplicity estimated at midrapidity. The self-normalised yields in pp and p-Pb collisions grow faster than linear with the self-normalised multiplicity. A strong p T dependence is observed in pp collisions, where the yield of high-p T electrons increases faster as a function of multiplicity than the one of low-p T electrons. The measurement in p-Pb collisions shows no p T dependence within uncertainties. The self-normalised yields in pp and p-Pb collisions are compared with measurements of other heavy-flavour, light-flavour, and strange particles, and with Monte Carlo simulations. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2023, The Author(s)
Measurement of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays as a function of multiplicity in p-Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV
No full textThe multiplicity dependence of electron production from heavy-flavour hadron decays as a function of transverse momentum was measured in p-Pb collisions at sNN = 5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. The measurement was performed in the centre-of-mass rapidity interval −1.07 < ycms< 0.14 and transverse momentum interval 2 < pT< 16 GeV/c. The multiplicity dependence of the production of electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays was studied by comparing the pT spectra measured for different multiplicity classes with those measured in pp collisions (QpPb) and in peripheral p-Pb collisions (Qcp). The QpPb results obtained are consistent with unity within uncertainties in the measured pT interval and event classes. This indicates that heavy-flavour decay electron production is consistent with binary scaling and independent of the geometry of the collision system. Additionally, the results suggest that cold nuclear matter effects are negligible within uncertainties, in the production of heavy-flavour decay electrons at midrapidity in p-Pb collisions. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2020, The Author(s)
A Combination of Preliminary Electroweak Measurements and Constraints on the Standard Model
No full textThis note presents a combination of published and preliminary electroweak results from the four LEP collaborations and the SLD collaboration which were prepared for the 2004 summer conferences. [...] The main changes with respect to the experimental results presented in summer 2003 are updates to the W branching fractions and four-fermion cross sections measured at LEP-2, and the SLD/LEP heavy-flavour results measured at the Z pole. The results are compared with precise electroweak measurements from other experiments, notably the final result on the electroweak mixing angle determined in neutrino-nucleon scattering by the NuTeV collaboration, the latest result in atomic parity violation in Caesium, and the measurement of the electroweak mixing angle in Moller scattering. The parameters of the Standard Model are evaluated, first using the combined LEP electroweak measurements, and then using the full set of high- electroweak results
Electroweak flavour unification
No full textWe propose that the electroweak and flavour quantum numbers of the Standard
Model (SM) could be unified at high energies in an anomaly-free gauge model. All the SM fermions are packaged into two
fundamental fields, and
, thereby explaining the origin
of three families of fermions. The SM Higgs, being electroweakly charged,
necessarily becomes charged also under flavour when embedded in the UV model.
It is therefore natural for its vacuum expectation value to couple only to the
third family. The other components of the UV Higgs fields are presumed heavy.
Extra scalars are needed to break this symmetry down to the SM, which can
proceed via `flavour-deconstructed' gauge groups; for instance, we propose a
pattern for the left-handed
factor. When the heavy Higgs components are integrated out, realistic quark
Yukawa couplings with in-built hierarchies are naturally generated without any
further ingredients, if we assume the various symmetry breaking scalars
condense at different scales. The CKM matrix that we compute is not a generic
unitary matrix, but it can precisely fit the observed values.Comment: 35 pages. v3: Matches published versio
Measurement of differential cross sections of isolated-photon plus heavy-flavour jet production in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV using the ATLAS detector
No full textThis Letter presents the measurement of differential cross sections of isolated prompt photons produced in association with a b-jet or a c-jet. These final states provide sensitivity to the heavy-flavour content of the proton and aspects related to the modelling of heavy-flavour quarks in perturbative QCD. The measurement uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2012 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 20.2 fb(-1). The differential cross sections are measured for each jet flavour with respect to the transverse energy of the leading photon in two photon pseudorapidity regions: vertical bar eta(gamma)vertical bar < 1.37 and 1.56 < vertical bar eta(gamma)vertical bar < 2.37. The measurement covers photon transverse energies 25 < E-T(gamma) < 400 GeV and 25 < E-T(gamma) < 350 GeV respectively for the two vertical bar eta(gamma)vertical bar regions. For each jet flavour, the ratio of the cross sections in the two vertical bar eta(gamma)vertical bar regions is also measured. The measurement is corrected for detector effects and compared to leading-order and next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations, based on various treatments and assumptions about the heavy-flavour content of the proton. Overall, the predictions agree well with the measurement, but some deviations are observed at high photon transverse energies. The total uncertainty in the measurement ranges between 13% and 66%, while the central gamma+b measurement exhibits the smallest uncertainty, ranging from 13% to 27%, which is comparable to the precision of the theoretical predictions. (c) 2017 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V
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