1,721,232 research outputs found
Control of human behavior, mental processes and consciousness : essays in honor of the 60th birthday of August Flammer
No full textIn this book, an international group of leading scientists present perspectives on the control of human behavior, awareness, consciousness, and the meaning and function of perceived control or self-efficacy in people's lives. The book breaks down the barriers between subdisciplines, and thus constitutes an occasion to reflect on various facets of control in human life. Each expert reviews his or her field through the lens of perceived control and shows how these insights can be applied in practice
Basel Study of Preterm Children (BSPC)
No full textBackground: Very preterm born children have increased rates of cognitive, socio-emotional, and mental health difficulties later in life compared to term born children. The Basel Study of Preterm Children BSPC has a focus on studying sleep behavior and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPAA)-function in preterm and full-term born children.
Design and Participants: The BSPC is a longitudinal cohort study of very preterm children (
Measures: Measurements included (a) parent and child-report questionnaires on children’s wellbeing, behavioral and emotional problems, sleep behavior and problems, physical activity and exercise levels, and parenting behavior, (b) interviews with children regarding their mental health (Kinder-DIPS), (c) cognitive development, (d) measures of motor development and gait development, (e) assessment of children’s HPAA-function, (f) sleep EEG/polysomnographic-assessment of sleep, (g) actigraphy/activity monitoring to measure sleep and physical activity, and (h) blood samples to assess brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration
Domain-General Abilities and Mathematical Achievement: A Developmental Perspective on the Roles of Executive Functions, Visual-Spatial Skills, and Emotion Regulation
Full text linkMathematics, like reading and writing, is a core skill in children’s academic development and has great impact on their later lives. Mathematical achievement depends not only on domain-specific skills but also on domain-general abilities, such as executive functions, visual-spatial skills, and emotion regulation. The current dissertation author investigates the associations between these domain-general abilities and mathematical achievement to increase in-depth understanding of their roles over the course of child development. Until now, it has been unclear whether associations of executive functions, visual-spatial skills, and mathematics change or remain constant across age, whether core components of executive functions and visual-spatial skills are bidirectionally associated with mathematical achievement in primary school students, and whether there are compensating effects on working memory through emotion regulation in children and adolescents. The author conducted three studies to answer these questions and assessed the variables using a broad test battery. Studies 1 and 3 used regression and moderation analyses; study 2 used a cross-lagged model. All statistical models accounted for verbal reasoning, sex, and socio-economic status. Study 1 indicated a significant and age-invariant association between executive functions and mathematical achievement and a significant and age-dependent association between visual-spatial skills and mathematical achievement. Study 2 demonstrated unidirectional associations between visual-spatial skills and mathematical achievement, but bidirectional association between working memory, as a component of executive functions, and mathematical achievement. Study 3 revealed that emotion regulation skills compensate for low working memory skills in children’s and adolescents’ mathematical achievement. In sum, this cumulative dissertation offers a differentiated view of the interrelations among three domain-general abilities and their association with mathematical achievement across child development. The outlook highlights the theoretical and practical value of the present dissertation and implications for future research
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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