105,220 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
GRACE: An Innovative Program of Clinical Education in Allied Health
No full textThis paper describes the Gribble Rosenwax Advanced Clinical Education (GRACE) program that has resolved the 15 year-old issue for one occupational therapy (OT) program of an undersupply of practice placements for OT students who, without completing 1,000 hours of placement, cannot graduate. Based on relationship marketing, Gribble and Rosenwax's approach to reforming clinical education was innovative by regarding potential host sites as offering the School a service by hosting students to one of regarding each host site as a partner in the clinical education process. Relative to the previous clinical education program, GRACE enhances student learning experiences primarily through the cultivation and enrichment of key relationships with host placement sites; by the appointment of a Clinical Education Coordinator at each host site to oversee student placements; and the provision of clinical education as 42 consecutive weeks of the year, rather than intermittently, and thus ensuring continuity for consumers and closer supervision of students, particular those students with performance issues. Now in its second year, one indication of GRACE's success is that all placements for 2009 (n = 490) were allocated to students earlier than in previous years. GRACE offers shared responsibility for clinical education between host sites and the School which has cultivated mutually beneficial relationships, resulting in improved outcomes for student learning and enhanced services for consumers
Durability of Motor Learning by Observing
No full textDurability of Motor Learning by Observing
Natalia Mangos (1), Christopher J. Forgaard (1), Paul L. Gribble (1,2,*)
(1) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Western University, Canada
(2) Dept. Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
(*) Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Information about another person’s movement kinematics obtained through visual observation activates brain regions involved in motor learning. Observation-related changes in these brain areas are associated with adaptive changes to feedforward neural control of muscle activation and behavioral improvements in limb movement control. However, little is known about the stability of these observation-related effects over time. Here we used force channel trials to probe changes in lateral force production at various time points (1 min, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min, 24 h) after participants either physically performed, or observed another individual performing upper limb reaching movements that were perturbed by novel, robot-generated forces (a velocity-dependent force-field). Observers learned to predictively generate directionally and temporally specific compensatory forces during reaching, consistent with the idea that they acquired an internal representation of the novel dynamics. Participants who physically practiced in the force-field showed adaptation that was detectable at all time points, with some decay detected after 24 h. Observation-related adaptation was less temporally stable in comparison, decaying slightly after 1 h and undetectable at 24 h. Observation induced less adaptation overall than physical practice, which could explain differences in temporal stability. Visually acquired representations of movement dynamics are retained and continue to influence behavior for at least one hour after observation.
New & Noteworthy
We used force channel probes in an upper limb force-field reaching task in humans to compare the durability of learning-related changes that occurred through visual observation to those after physical movement practice. Visually acquired representations of movement dynamics continued to influence behavior for at least one hour after observation. Our findings point to a one hour window during which visual observation of another person could play a role in motor learning
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Durability of Motor Learning by Observing
No full textDurability of Motor Learning by Observing
Natalia Mangos (1), Christopher J. Forgaard (1), Paul L. Gribble (1,2,*)
(1) Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Western University, Canada
(2) Dept. Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, Canada
(*) Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
Information about another person’s movement kinematics obtained through visual observation activates brain regions involved in motor learning. Observation-related changes in these brain areas are associated with adaptive changes to feedforward neural control of muscle activation and behavioral improvements in limb movement control. However, little is known about the stability of these observation-related effects over time. Here we used force channel trials to probe changes in lateral force production at various time points (1 min, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min, 24 h) after participants either physically performed, or observed another individual performing upper limb reaching movements that were perturbed by novel, robot-generated forces (a velocity-dependent force-field). Observers learned to predictively generate directionally and temporally specific compensatory forces during reaching, consistent with the idea that they acquired an internal representation of the novel dynamics. Participants who physically practiced in the force-field showed adaptation that was detectable at all time points, with some decay detected after 24 h. Observation-related adaptation was less temporally stable in comparison, decaying slightly after 1 h and undetectable at 24 h. Observation induced less adaptation overall than physical practice, which could explain differences in temporal stability. Visually acquired representations of movement dynamics are retained and continue to influence behavior for at least one hour after observation.
New & Noteworthy
We used force channel probes in an upper limb force-field reaching task in humans to compare the durability of learning-related changes that occurred through visual observation to those after physical movement practice. Visually acquired representations of movement dynamics continued to influence behavior for at least one hour after observation. Our findings point to a one hour window during which visual observation of another person could play a role in motor learning
Shark control records hindcast serious decline in dugong numbers off the urban coast of Queensland and Dugong distribution and abundance in the southern Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and Hervey Bay: results of an aerial survey in October-December 1999
No full textThis technical report consists of the reports of two of the studies commissioned by the
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority:
1. Shark control records hindcast serious decline in dugong numbers off the urban coast of
Queensland by Helene Marsh, Glenn De'ath, Neil Gribble and Baden Lane.
2. Dugong distribution and abundance in the southern Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and
Hervey Bay: results of an aerial survey in October-December 1999 by Helene Marsh and
Ivan Lawler
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The construction of Karen Karnak: The multi-author-function
No full textThis thesis is situated within the comparatively recent developments of Web 2.0 and the emergence of interactive WikiMedia, and explores the mode of authorship within a Read/Write culture compared to that of a Read/Only tradition. The hypothesis of this study is that the role of the audience has become merged with the author, and as such, represents new functions and attributes, distinct from a more conventional concept of authorship, in which the roles of audience and author are more separate. Read/Write and participatory culture, as defined by this study, is focused on collaboration, and includes the influences of D.I.Y. culture, Open-Source practices and the production of text by multiple authors. Multi-authorship presents a re-thinking of several concepts which support the notion of the individual author, since the focus of multi-authorship is not on attribution and ownership of a finished text, but on the continued malleability of a text. Modes of multi-authorship, demonstrated in the use of the pseudonyms Alan Smithee and Karen Eliot, represent declarative authors whose names signify multiple origins, whilst concurrently indicating a distinct body of work. The function of these names form an important context to this study, since primary research involves the construction of an experimental mode of multi-authorship utilising WikiMedia technology and the interaction of thirty nine participants, who are invited to create a body of work under the collective pseudonym Karen Karnak. The data generated by this experiment is analysed using aspects of Michel Foucault's author-function to identify and determine power structures inherent in the WikiMedia context. The interplay of power structures, including concepts such as identity, ownership and the body of work, affect the resulting mode of authorship and contribute to the construction of Karen Karnak, suggesting further areas of research into the emerging multi-author
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
Fully Turbulent Mean Velocity Profile for Purely Viscous non-Newtonian Fluids
No full textThe characteristic near wall behavior of turbulent flow of purely-viscous non-Newtonian fluids is discussed for both power-law (P.-L.) and Herschel-Bulkley (H.-B.) rheological models. A proper scaling is presented for H.-B. fluids to establish an analogy with power-law fluids with same flow index. To provide reference data for turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids, DNS simulations of power-law fluids are conducted in a rectangular channel for a large range of power-law indices ( = 0.5, 0.69, 0.75, 0.9, 1, 1.2). The DNS data show that the mean velocity profile in the viscous and logarithmic layers follow expressions of the form and respectively, where shows a logarithmic dependency on the flow index.Comparison with some experimental data shows the above formulation to be valid for Reynolds numbers (based on shear velocity) as high as 1000
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