96 research outputs found
Research data - the effect of high-pressure torsion on irradiation hardening of Eurofer-97
No full textIt contains the raw and processed data collected as a part of the study which resulted in the manuscript 'The Effect of high-pressure torsion on irradiation hardening of Eurofer-97'. The data was collected and processed at the University of Oxford. Matlab is required to view most of the data. Some files are in Microsoft Excel format and Igor format. Data processing and plotting scripts are all included. The scripts are all written in Matlab
The effect of high-pressure torsion on irradiation hardening of Eurofer-97
No full textWe investigate the effect of nano-structuring by high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the irradiation performance of Eurofer-97. Material was deformed to shear strains from 0 to ∼230, and then exposed to Fe3+ irradiation doses of 0.01 and 0.1 displacements-per-atom (dpa). Nanoindentation hardness increases monotonically with deformation, and with irradiation for the undeformed material. For both damage levels, less irradiation hardening is observed in severely deformed material. This effect is most prominent in the strain range ∼60 to ∼160, suggesting that nano-structuring may provide an approach for reducing irradiation hardening
Pathos and patter in real estate parlance
No full textThis paper presents the first systematic analysis of estate agent language and employs Aristotle’s ponderings on the art of persuasion as a means of classifying the peculiar parlance of property peddlers. “Des. Res.”, “rarely available”, “viewing essential” – these are all part of the peculiar parlance of housing advertisements. The question is whether the selling agent’s penchant for rhetoric is uniform across a single urban system or whether there are variations, even within a relatively limited geographical area. We are also interested in how the use of superlatives varies over the market cycle. For example, are estate agents more inclined to use hyperbole when the market is buoyant or when it is flat? This paper attempts to answer these questions by applying textual analysis to a unique dataset of 49,926 records of real estate transactions in the West of Scotland over the period 1999 to 2006. Our analysis has implications for our understanding of the agency behaviour of housing market professionals and endeavours to open up a new avenue of research into the market-impact of rhetoric in the language of selling
The effect of high-pressure torsion on irradiation hardening of Eurofer-97
No full textWe investigate the effect of nano-structuring by high-pressure torsion (HPT) on the irradiation performance of Eurofer-97. Material was deformed to shear strains from 0 to ∼230, and then exposed to Fe3+ irradiation doses of 0.01 and 0.1 displacements-per-atom (dpa). Nanoindentation hardness increases monotonically with deformation, and with irradiation for the undeformed material. For both damage levels, less irradiation hardening is observed in severely deformed material. This effect is most prominent in the strain range ∼60 to ∼160, suggesting that nano-structuring may provide an approach for reducing irradiation hardening
Multi-scale Inequality and Segregation: Theory and Estimation
No full textThis chapter explores multi-scale estimation methods as an important future direction for segregation research in China. We explain how these recently developed methods help address many longstanding problems in traditional index-based segregation research and open up new avenues of research on Chinese cities. We explain the conceptual framework underpinning multilevel analysis in the form of a series of propositions that capture the theoretical basis and outline why a multilevel approach to segregation is advantageous. We then illustrate how this approach can be applied to China using census data on Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei Province. We use the model to consider segregation of different ethnic groups and of migrants versus non-migrants. We conclude with a discussion of our findings and our thoughts on future directions for research and the implications for policy.Urban Studie
Cannabinoids for the control of experimental multiple sclerosis
No full textPhDThere have been numerous studies reporting that cannabinoids, both exogenous
and endogenous, have a potential beneficial function during incidences of
neurological damage. Using gene knockout mice and cannabinoid-selective agents,
this study demonstrates the diverse actions of cannabinoids with a particular focus
on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple
sclerosis. The results presented here report on the action of stimulators of
cannabinoid receptors in the nervous system (CNS) on; immune function, as a
mechanism of suppressing autoimmune attack of the central nervous system, as
agents to suppress neurodegenerative events leading to disease progression and as
agents that can control signs of disease that occur as the consequences of
autoimmune neurodegeneration such as spasticity. Tetrahydrocannabinol the
psychoactive component in cannabis and the CB1 cannabinoid receptor appears to
be central to many of the therapeutic actions of cannabis but also to the side-effect
potential of cannabinoid drugs. This study reports on methods to avoid
psychoactive side-effects of conventional brain-penetrant CB1 receptor agonists
whilst exploiting the therapeutic potential of the cannabinoid system in order to
control spasticity. This was achieved by targeting mechanisms of endocannabinoid
degradation, particularly using fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. Furthermore,
this study also reports the development of novel cannabinoid compounds that are
excluded from the brain and inhibit spasticity and also demonstrates the
mechanism of exclusion of CNS-excluded cannabinoid CB1 receptor agonists. This
study provides further evidence for the efficacy of cannabinoid compounds during
an ongoing CNS disease and also their efficacy for treating the consequences of
CNS autoimmune disease, which hopefully, will give additional impetus for further
clinical investigations of cannabinoid agents in not only multiple sclerosis but also
other neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS
Limnological Investigation of Selected Kootenay Mountain Lakes
No full textThis report contains basic limnological, biological, and geomorphological information obtained by studying selected Kootenay mountain lakes. This study continues the work done in the summers of 1977 and 1978.Report completed by Selkirk students hired as part of a youth employment project
Discussions on an Interval Arithmetic Standard at Dagstuhl Seminar 08021
No full textInternational audienceEfforts have been made to standardize interval arithmetic (IA) for over a decade. The reasons have been to enable more widespread use of the technology, to enable more widespread sharing and collaboration among researchers and developers of the technology, and to enable easier checking that computer codes have been correctly programmed. During the late 1990's, the first author of this report led such a project to introduce an interval data type into the Fortran language. One reason for failure of that effort was the Fortran language standardization committee's lack of familiarity with interval technology and consequent caution. Another was misunderstanding between the Fortran standardization committee's basic tenets on standardizing interline optimization and some views expressed by members of the interval analysis community. A third was confusion over how extended IA (arithmetic dealing with division by intervals that contain zero) should be handled. This was coupled with a heavy committee load associated with other projects, such as standardizing an interface for interoperability with "C" language programs. Since then, the interval analysis community has studied and gained additional understanding of extended IA. One such study is a systematization of the options (Pryce and Corliss, Computing 2006). Another, with a particular point of view, is Prof. Kulisch's contribution to this volume. Extended arithmetic remains a controversial part of efforts to standardize the arithmetic, particularly whether the underlying model should consider -infinity and +infinity to be numbers in their own right or if -infinity and +infinity should just be considered placeholders to describe unbounded sets of finite real numbers. A practical consequence is a difference in the value of 0 × X when X is an unbounded interval. Nonetheless, our understanding and thinking about this issue is clearer than a decade ago. This, coupled with the desire to have a standard, should lead to progress
Polyethylene acetabular liner rim damage in total hip replacements
No full textTotal hip replacement surgery is a successful orthopaedic intervention with over
90,000 procedures carried out annually; however, some implants still fail. The failure of
THRs in the first year have been related to mechanical failure, such as dislocation and/or
implant fracture. The mechanical failure of polyethylene liners has been mainly
associated with damage at the rim of liners, due to edge loading and/or impingement.
Implant failure typically leads to the revision of the implant, which is more costly and
predominately less successful for the patient; therefore, the occurrence and
consequence of impingement and dislocation are required to be understood to reduce
mechanical failure of future THRs. The aim of this project was to investigate and
characterise rim damage of polyethylene liners of THRs.
To understand the occurrence of impingement, a geometric model was
developed that incorporated THR components into a bone model and investigated
impingement during different dislocation-prone activities. The model was applied to
investigate the effect that varying the surgical positioning of the acetabular component
and the component design has on the likelihood of impingement. In terms of the
positioning of the acetabular component, increasing the inclination and anteversion of
the acetabular cup reduced the risk of impingement. Varying the design of the liner from
a neutral to a lipped liner caused more frequent impingement, and reducing the neckshaft
angle reduced the frequency of impingement.
To understand what rim damage is caused by impingement, methods were
developed to quantitatively assess rim damage of polyethylene liners and to
experimentally replicate clinically relevant rim damage due to impingement. The method
applied motion and load inputs to simulate a clinically relevant activity, and was applied
to investigate the effect of varying the severity of impingement and medial-lateral load
has on the severity of damage. Increasing the severity of impingement was found to
increase the severity of rim damage and the amount of separation of the head.
To check the clinical relevance of the results from the developed geometric model
and the experimental method, a series of retrieved polyethylene liners of the same
design were reviewed; damage was visually assessed, rim damage quantified, and invivo
orientation of components were measured.
Overall the series of developed methods have been used to assess and
characterise rim damage of polyethylene liners, and the methods have the potential to
assist with the pre-operative planning of THR surgeries, pre-caution post THR surgery
and aid with the design process of future designs of implants
Income Inequality and Residential Segregation in European Cities
No full textBased on extensive research with distinguished scholars within the book project ‘Socioeconomic Segregation in European Capital Cities’, this chapter summarizes the key trends in income inequality and socioeconomic segregation in Europe. We draw our data from the two last census rounds, and we focus on the most common indicators of income inequality (Gini Index) and residential segregation (Dissimilarity Index). We find that levels of residential segregation grew between the two last censuses in most of the cities included in our study. Changes in residential segregation follow changes in income inequality with a time lag, and it tends to happen in both directions. Low levels of income inequality relate to low levels of segregation after 10 years, and high levels of inequality relate to high levels of segregation after 10 years.Urbanis
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