348 research outputs found
Lepanus storeyi Weir & Monteith 2010
No full text<i>Lepanus storeyi</i> Weir & Monteith, 2010 <p>(Figs. 9B; 10 C–D; 11B, 12A)</p> <p> <i>Lepanus storeyi</i> Weir & Monteith, 2010: 235.</p> <p> <b>Type material examined.</b> <b>Holotype: ♂ “</b> QLD 28.260° S x 153.167 ° E, Lamington NP, Plot # IQ-1100-C, 1106m, 16–26.i.2007, rainforest, flight intercept trap, G.B. Monteith 22177.” (28°15’36”S, 153°10’01”E) (T145443 specimen in QM). <b>Paratypes (4 ♂, 4 ♀):</b> Lamington National Park, Plot # IQ-1100-C (28°15’36”S, 153°10’01”E), 1106 m, 16–26.i.2007, G.B. Monteith (T145444 1 specimen ♂ in QM); Lamington National Park, Plot # IQ1100-C (28°15’36”S, 153°10’01”E), 1106 m, 22–27.x.2006, R. Menendez & G.B. Monteith (T145441 1 specimen ♂ in QM); Springbrook Repeater [28°14’00”S, 153°16’00”E], 1000 m, 31.x–31.xii.1997, G.B. Monteith (25-058041 1 specimen ♂, 1 specimen ♀ in ANIC also as T83548–49); Springbrook Repeater [28°14’00”S, 153°16’00”E], 1000 m, 9.i–19.ii.1995, G.B. Monteith (T65324, T83546 2 specimens ♀); Lamington National Park, IBISCA, Queensland plot #IQ–1100–B 28°15’32”S, 153°09’43”E, 1142 m, 17.x.2006 – 27.x.2006, G.B. Monteith (25-058042 1 specimen ♂ in ANIC also as T145442); Lamington National Park, IBISCA, Queensland plot #IQ–1100–B 28°15’32”S, 153°09’43”E, 1142 m, 27.i.2008, A. Nakamura, (T155875 1 specimen ♀ in QM).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Head black, pronotum reddish brown, elytra black with a metallic sheen, humeri and apical edges orange-yellow. Pygidium orange-yellow. Antennal clubs white.</p> <p>Total length: 2.4–2.7 mm. Paratype measurement (25-058042 ♂): Total length 2.6 mm elytral width 1.8 mm.</p> <p> <i>Male</i>. Head: Width to length ratio 41: 30. Surface smooth and nitid, with fine punctation, becoming very fine anteriorly. Dorsal part of eyes narrow, separated by an interocular space approximately 16–17 times eye width (33: 2).</p> <p>Prothorax: Pronotum anterior angles sharp. Surface smooth, nitid, finely punctate. A row of slightly elongate punctures present along middle two thirds of hind margin. Hypomeral surface smooth. Hypomeral stria less than half the length of the hypomeron and very close to lateral margin, which almost appears double at that point. Pronotum width to length ratio 61: 34.</p> <p>Elytra: Surface smooth, nitid, with obsolete striae. Stria 6 not extending to the elytral base. Epipleura smooth not reticulate. Ratio of length of the elytra along suture to maximum elytral width 80: 85.</p> <p>Legs: Protibia with 2 teeth on outer edge, front edge deeply angulate between outer tooth and apical digit. Apical digit parallel sided, truncate and slightly notched at the apex. Mesotibia with a brush of setae apically on inner side.</p> <p>Abdomen: Pygidium smooth and nitid, without medial depression, with a fine transverse sinuate fold that runs parallel to the base and extends to the lateral angles. Abdominal ventrites only reticulate at the sides. Ventrite 6 very finely punctate.</p> <p>Pterothorax: Medial lobe of metaventrite virtually impunctate, broadly margined between mesocoxae. Lateral lobe of metaventrite punctate and setose. Surface of mesoventrite and mesepimeron smooth. Metanepisternum reticulate.</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Pygidium with distinct large ovoid depression with sharp edges and inner surface reticulate; depression larger than half the size of pygidial disc. A fine transverse fold on each side runs from lateral angles close to and parallel to the base to meet the edges of the depression. Apical digit shorter than in males, giving rise to a long apical spur. Mesotibia without a brush of setae apically on inner edge.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Only known from high elevation temperate rainforests in Lamington and Springbrook National Parks in the South Eastern Queensland (SEQ) IBRA bioregion (Fig. 12A). All specimens have been collected above 1000 m. This species represents a short-range endemic and is only known from four sites within a circle of 10 km diameter.</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> <i>Lepanus storeyi</i> is the most sexually dimorphic species of the genus, particularly in respect to the pygidium. All type material in QM and ANIC was examined by author T.W. at time of its description (Weir & Monteith 2010). The holotype was not examined for this study but paratypes of both sexes were available in ANIC.</p> <p> This species is rare in collections despite intensive surveys within the area and there is no evidence to suggest this species feeds on mammal dung (Weir & Monteith 2010, Ebert <i>et al</i>. 2019). It has been collected in flight intercept and pitfall traps (two unbaited and one baited with mushroom (Weir & Monteith 2010)). Two specimens were collected in the food preference study of Ebert <i>et al.</i> (2019), both of which came to traps baited with invertebrate carrion (earthworm). Weir & Monteith (2010) discuss the conservation status of <i>L. storeyi</i> concluding it is vulnerable to climate change due to its restricted geographic range at high elevation and its rarity in its habitat.</p>Published as part of <i>Gunter, Nicole L. & Weir, Thomas A., 2021, Revision of Australian species of the dung beetle genus Lepanus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae): review of the L. ustulatus, L. storeyi, and L. nitidus species groups and description of eight new species, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 4923 (1)</i> on page 37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4923.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4496757">http://zenodo.org/record/4496757</a>
MONTPEL: A multi-component Penman-Monteith energy balance model
No full textCorresponding author: [email protected] (R. Albasha).International audienceMechanistic modelling is gradually replacing empiricism in crop models, focusing on leaf-level physiological processes. This shift necessitates simulating crop surface temperature at infra-canopy sub-daily scales but many crop models still rely on empirical formulations for canopy temperature estimation, typically on a daily basis. We developed MONTPEL, a multi-component Penman-Monteith model that allows simulating the crop energy balance with flexible canopy representations ("BigLeaf" vs. "Layered", "Lumped" vs. "Sunlit-Shaded") and accounts for atmospheric stability conditions. We analyzed the model behavior, sensitivity and accuracy, using measurements from four wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) experiments conducted under varying pedoclimatic and water stress conditions. Measurements included hourly energy balance terms (total net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible and latent energy fluxes), hourly temperature of the canopy surface or of leaves at different depths inside the canopy, and sunlit and shaded leaf temperatures around solar noon at different dates. MONTPEL reproduced the measured energy balance terms with a root mean square error (RMSE) between 21 and 87 Wm -2 and a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) exceeding 0.65. The model's accuracy in simulating canopy temperature, with RMSE ≤ 2.2 • C and R 2 ≥ 0.92, remained consistent regardless of measurement scale. Adjusting the aerodynamic resistance for atmospheric stability minimized simulated canopy temperature errors, notably in semi-arid conditions. Crop latent energy flux and temperature were most sensitive to the maximal stomatal conductance (g s, max ) parameter. However, using a single g s, max value across the simulated experiments yielded satisfactory results, suggesting a weak sensitivity to the temporal and site-to-site variability of g s, max . Distinguishing sunlit from shaded canopy fractions systematically resulted in lower latent energy fluxes compared to "Lumped" canopy representation results. Analysis identified limitations in the multi-component approach, particularly an unrealistic uniform temperature shift across leaf layers when soil surface temperature changes
Ion channels and transporters in cancer. 4. Remodeling of Ca 2+ signaling in tumorigenesis: Role of Ca 2+ transport
No full textLee JM, Davis FM, Roberts-Thomson SJ, Monteith GR. Ion channels and transporters in cancer. 4. Remodeling of Ca2+ signaling in tumorigenesis: role of Ca2+ transport. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 301: C969-C976, 2011. First published May 18, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00136.2011.-The Ca2+ signal has major roles in cellular processes important in tumorigenesis, including migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptotic sensitivity. New evidence has revealed that, aside from altered expression and effects on global cytosolic free Ca2+ levels via direct transport of Ca2+, some Ca2+ pumps and channels are able to contribute to tumorigenesis via mechanisms that are independent of their ability to transport Ca2+ or effect global Ca2+ homeostasis in the cytoplasm. Here, we review some of the most recent studies that present evidence of altered Ca2+ channel or pump expression in tumorigenesis and discuss the importance and complexity of localized Ca2+ signaling in events critical for tumor formation
Seeing is believing: Recent trends in the measurement of Ca2+ in subcellular domains and intracellular organelles
No full textThe role of Ca2+ in the regulation of the cell cycle has been investigated mostly in studies assessing global cytosolic free Ca2+. Recent studies, however, have used unique techniques to assess Ca2+ in subcellular organelles, such as mitochondria, and in discrete regions of the cytoplasm. These studies have used advanced fluorescence digital imaging techniques and Ca2+-sensitive fluorescence probes, and/or targeting of Ca2+-sensitive proteins to intracellular organelles. The present review describes the results of some of these studies and the techniques used. The novel techniques used to measure Ca2+ in microdomains and intracellular organelles are likely to be of great use in future investigations assessing Ca2+ homeostasis during the cell cycle
Effects of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma ligands ciglitazone and 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 on rat cultured cerebellar granule neuronal viability Steven A. Smith, Gregory R. Monteith, Nicola A. Holman, Jodie A. Robinson, Fion
No full textPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) has been the focus of studies assessing its potential neuroprotective role. These studies have shown either neuroprotection or neurotoxicity by PPAR ligands. Comparison of these studies is complicated by the use of different PPAR ligands, mechanisms of neurotoxicity induction, and neuronal cell type. In this study, we compared the effects of the synthetic PPAR ligand ciglitazone with an endogenous PPAR ligand, 15-deoxy-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15-deoxy PGJ2), on inherent neurotoxicity and neuroprotection using a reduction in extracellular KCl in rat cultured cerebellar granule neurons (CGN). We also assessed the effects of these ligands on c-Jun protein expression, which is up-regulated on induction of low-KCl-mediated neuronal apoptosis as well as being associated with PPAR in other cell types. We showed that PPAR mRNA is expressed in CGN cultures and observed ciglitazone- and 15-deoxy PGJ2-mediated inherent neurotoxicity that was concentration and time dependent. c-Jun was only modestly increased in the presence of ciglitazone but was markedly up-regulated by 15-deoxy PGJ2 after 12 hr. Treatment of CGN cultures with ciglitazone simultaneous with KCl withdrawal resulted in a modest, time-dependent neuroprotection. Such neuroprotection after KCl withdrawal was not observed with 15-deoxy PGJ2. Despite the absence of neuroprotection, 15-deoxy PGJ2 markedly inhibited the early up-regulation of c-Jun during KCl withdrawal. These studies suggest that ciglitazone and 15-deoxy PGJ2 have markedly different effects on inherent and low-KCl-induced toxicity and c-Jun expression in CGN, indicating potential non-PPAR mechanisms
- …
