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Parler politique en ligne. Une revue des travaux français et anglo-saxons
No full textPrésentation du dossier :Greffet Fabienne, Wojcik Stéphanie, « Présentation »,International audienceInfluencées au départ par la problématique de la délibération, les recherches sur les discussions politiques en ligne soulignent désormais la nécessité de prendre en compte dans l’analyse les dispositifs sociotechniques et les objectifs des discussions. Certes, une certaine homogénéisation des opinions s’observe, mais la littérature montre aussi des discussions politiques en ligne ouvertes à la diversité, et une multiplicité de registres discursifs mobilisable. Est également soulignée la nécessité de développer les travaux sur les motivations des individus participant à ces discussions, ainsi que les effets des discussions politiques en ligne sur l’engagement politique, et sur la décision publique
: Les partis politiques sur le web
No full textInternet allows parties to extend their scope. Not only the web compose and recompose their "showcase" but it is also the place where may arise new forms of engagement and expression that go beyond communication strategies. In parallel, discussion forums give voice to citizens - who appropriate or divert them. These uses of the Web are part of specific cultures and trajectories. Thus, in Britain, the local character of the legislative elections limit the extension of the tool; in the United States, on the contrary, the Internet is seen as a way to reduce geographical distances. In France, each party appropriates internet differently, depending on its tradition and sociology. The author: Fabienne Greffet is a lecturer in political science at the University of Nancy-2, a member of the Irenee-Nancy and Grenoble-Compact, co-founder of the group "The Internet & Politics" of the European Consortium for Political Research. Other contributors : Marc Abélès * Dominique Andolfatto * Thierry Barboni * Lucie Bargel * Gersende Blanchard * Franck Bousquet * Nicolas Bué * Dominique Cardon * Stéphanie Dechézelles * Nicolas Desquinabo * Alexandre Dézé * Guilhem Fouetillou * Rachel K. Gibson * Clémence Lerondeau * Djamel Mermat * Anne-Laure Nicot * Anne-Sophie Petitfils * Christophe Prieur * Éric Treille * Thierry Vedel * François Vergniolle de Chantal * Stephen J. WardLa campagne de Barack Obama lors de la dernière présidentielle américaine a révélé le rôle d'internet comme arme politique : sites, blogs, mondes virtuels et réseaux sociaux servent désormais à mobiliser et à débattre politiquement. Internet permet aux partis d'étendre leur champ d'action. Non seulement leurs " vitrines " se composent et recomposent désormais sur le web, mais c'est aussi là que peuvent naître de nouvelles modalités d'engagement et d'expression qui débordent les stratégies de communication ; parallèlement, forums de discussion et d'expression donnent la parole aux citoyens - qui se les approprient, voire les détournent. Ces usages du web s'inscrivent dans des cultures et des trajectoires spécifiques. Ainsi, en Grande-Bretagne, le caractère local des élections législatives limite l'extension de l'outil ; aux Etats-Unis, au contraire, Internet est perçu comme un moyen de réduire les distances géographiques. En France, chaque parti s'approprie internet différemment, selon sa tradition et sa sociologie. Ce panorama français et international ne manquera pas d'intéresser tous ceux qui restent attentifs à la présence des technologies dans la vie politique et, plus largement, aux évolutions de la communication politique et aux transformations que connaissent les partis. Ont contribué à cet ouvrage sous la direction de Fabienne Greffet : Marc Abélès * Dominique Andolfatto * Thierry Barboni * Lucie Bargel * Gersende Blanchard * Franck Bousquet * Nicolas Bué * Dominique Cardon * Stéphanie Dechézelles * Nicolas Desquinabo * Alexandre Dézé * Guilhem Fouetillou * Rachel K. Gibson * Clémence Lerondeau * Djamel Mermat * Anne-Laure Nicot * Anne-Sophie Petitfils * Christophe Prieur * Éric Treille * Thierry Vedel * François Vergniolle de Chantal * Stephen J. War
: Les partis politiques sur le web
No full textInternet allows parties to extend their scope. Not only the web compose and recompose their "showcase" but it is also the place where may arise new forms of engagement and expression that go beyond communication strategies. In parallel, discussion forums give voice to citizens - who appropriate or divert them. These uses of the Web are part of specific cultures and trajectories. Thus, in Britain, the local character of the legislative elections limit the extension of the tool; in the United States, on the contrary, the Internet is seen as a way to reduce geographical distances. In France, each party appropriates internet differently, depending on its tradition and sociology. The author: Fabienne Greffet is a lecturer in political science at the University of Nancy-2, a member of the Irenee-Nancy and Grenoble-Compact, co-founder of the group "The Internet & Politics" of the European Consortium for Political Research. Other contributors : Marc Abélès * Dominique Andolfatto * Thierry Barboni * Lucie Bargel * Gersende Blanchard * Franck Bousquet * Nicolas Bué * Dominique Cardon * Stéphanie Dechézelles * Nicolas Desquinabo * Alexandre Dézé * Guilhem Fouetillou * Rachel K. Gibson * Clémence Lerondeau * Djamel Mermat * Anne-Laure Nicot * Anne-Sophie Petitfils * Christophe Prieur * Éric Treille * Thierry Vedel * François Vergniolle de Chantal * Stephen J. WardLa campagne de Barack Obama lors de la dernière présidentielle américaine a révélé le rôle d'internet comme arme politique : sites, blogs, mondes virtuels et réseaux sociaux servent désormais à mobiliser et à débattre politiquement. Internet permet aux partis d'étendre leur champ d'action. Non seulement leurs " vitrines " se composent et recomposent désormais sur le web, mais c'est aussi là que peuvent naître de nouvelles modalités d'engagement et d'expression qui débordent les stratégies de communication ; parallèlement, forums de discussion et d'expression donnent la parole aux citoyens - qui se les approprient, voire les détournent. Ces usages du web s'inscrivent dans des cultures et des trajectoires spécifiques. Ainsi, en Grande-Bretagne, le caractère local des élections législatives limite l'extension de l'outil ; aux Etats-Unis, au contraire, Internet est perçu comme un moyen de réduire les distances géographiques. En France, chaque parti s'approprie internet différemment, selon sa tradition et sa sociologie. Ce panorama français et international ne manquera pas d'intéresser tous ceux qui restent attentifs à la présence des technologies dans la vie politique et, plus largement, aux évolutions de la communication politique et aux transformations que connaissent les partis. Ont contribué à cet ouvrage sous la direction de Fabienne Greffet : Marc Abélès * Dominique Andolfatto * Thierry Barboni * Lucie Bargel * Gersende Blanchard * Franck Bousquet * Nicolas Bué * Dominique Cardon * Stéphanie Dechézelles * Nicolas Desquinabo * Alexandre Dézé * Guilhem Fouetillou * Rachel K. Gibson * Clémence Lerondeau * Djamel Mermat * Anne-Laure Nicot * Anne-Sophie Petitfils * Christophe Prieur * Éric Treille * Thierry Vedel * François Vergniolle de Chantal * Stephen J. War
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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