1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Investigative Powers of Polish and Czech Civilian Special Services– Internal Security Agency and Security Information Service
No full textPolskie i czeskie cywilne służby specjalne, mimo ogólnych podobieństw, zasadniczo różnią się w zakresie posiadanych uprawnień śledczych. Polska Agencja Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego (ABW) została przez ustawodawcę wyposażona w uprawnienia dochodzeniowo-śledcze w zakresie realizacji swoich zadań, w przeciwieństwie do niej czeska Informacyjna Służba Bezpieczeństwa (BIS) posiada uprawnienia śledcze jedynie wobec własnych funkcjonariuszy, którzy popełnią przestępstwo. Czeskie cywilne służby specjalne są dużo bliższe modelowi przyjętemu w innych liberalnych demokracjach w Europie, takich jak Republika Federalna Niemiec czy Wielka Brytania, niż służby polskie. Podstawą organizacji czeskich służb specjalnych i ich miejsca w systemie politycznym Czech jest tzw. zasada koniecznego rozdzielenia (oddělovací imperativ). Zasada ta wprowadziła postulat niełączenia wywiadowczych sposobów uzyskiwania informacji z uprawnieniami wykonawczymi (policyjnymi), związanymi z możliwością stosowania przymusu bezpośredniego. Sytuacja ta ma głębokie korzenie historyczne sięgające do czasów przemian demokratycznych w 1989 roku. Biorąc pod uwagę analizę procesów politycznych, które doprowadziły do powstania nowych służb specjalnych w obu tak przecież bliskich historycznie i kulturowo krajach po roku 1989, można postawić wniosek, iż podstawowym powodem odmiennego rozwoju cywilnych służb specjalnych był występujący w Polsce brak wizji i zaangażowania w kwestie reformy służb ze strony najwyższych czynników politycznych reprezentujących stronę opozycyjną. Praktyczne koncepcje reformatorskie dotyczące modelu służb zostały w Polsce wypracowane na poziomie komisji sejmowych. W Czechosłowacji, a później w Republice Czeskiej od początku zmian w roku 1989 w proces zmian w służbach był zaangażowany wywodzący się z opozycji prezydent, który reprezentował szczegółową koncepcję reform, nawiązującą wprost do zachodniego modelu służb specjalnych. Despite general similarities, the Polish and Czech civilian intelligence services differ signifi-cantly in their investigative powers. The Polish Internal Security Agency (ABW) has been granted investi-gative powers by law to carry out its tasks; in contrast, the Czech Information Security Service (BIS) only has investigative powers against its own officers who commit a crime. Czech civilian intelligence services are much closer to the model adopted in other liberal democracies in Europe, such as the Federal Republic of Germany or the United Kingdom, than are the Polish services. The basis for the organization of Czech intelligence services and their place in the Czech political system is the so-called principle of necessary sep-aration (oddělovací imperativ). This principle introduced the requirement to avoid combining intelligence methods of obtaining information with executive (police) powers, which entail the use of direct coercion. This situation has deep historical roots dating back to the democratic transformation of 1989. Considering the analysis of the political processes that led to the creation of new secret services in both countries, which are historically and culturally close, after 1989, one can conclude that the primary reason for the different development of civilian secret services in Poland was the lack of vision and commitment to service reform on the part of the highest political figures representing the opposition. In Poland, practical reform concepts for the intelligence services\u27 model were developed at the parliamentary committee level. In Czechoslovakia, and later in the Czech Republic, from the beginning of the changes in 1989, the opposition president was involved in the process of reforming the intelligence services, representing a detailed reform concept that drew directly from the Western model of intelligence services
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Parlamentarna kontrola nad cywilnymi służbami specjalnymi w Polsce i Czechach
No full textParliamentary oversight of the secret services in Poland is exercised by the Parliamentary Committee for Secret Services (KSS). This committee oversees all secret services. Unlike in Poland, in the Czech Republic, each civilian secret service is overseen by a separate committee of the Czech Chamber of Deputies. The powers of the parliamentary committees for secret services in both countries are similar. However, in Czechia, members of the oversight committees do not undergo vetting proceedings conducted by the secret services under the regulations on the protection of classified information, as they are granted ex officio access to information classified “top secret.” In Poland, members of parliament wishing to participate in the work of the KSS must undergo an examination by the Internal Security Agency, meaning their participation in the committee depends on the decision of the Head of the Internal Security Agency. The fundamental difference in the scope of control over the secret services, however, is that in the Czechia a special institution for the control of the services was established – the Body of the Independent Control of the Intelligence Services of the Czech Republic (Orgán nezávislé kontroly zpravodajských služeb České republiky).Kontrola parlamentu nad służbami specjalnymi w Polsce wykonywana jest przez sejmową Komisję do Spraw Służb Specjalnych (KSS) i obejmuje wszystkie służby specjalne. W Czechach w odróżnieniu od Polski każda z cywilnych służb specjalnych kontrolowana jest przez odrębną komisję Izby Poselskiej. W obu krajach uprawnienia tych organów są podobne. W Czechach posłowie komisji kontrolnych nie przechodzą jednak prowadzonego przez służby specjalne w ramach przepisów o ochronie informacji niejawnych postępowania sprawdzającego, ponieważ z urzędu uzyskują dostęp do dokumentów z klauzulą „ściśle tajne”. W Polsce posłowie, którzy chcą brać udział w pracach KSS, muszą zostać poddani badaniu przez Agencję Bezpieczeństwa Wewnętrznego, a zatem ich udział w pracach komisji zależy od decyzji szefa ABW. Podstawowa różnica w zakresie kontroli służb specjalnych polega jednak na tym, że w Czechach powołano specjalną instytucję ds. kontroli służb – Organ Niezależnej Kontroli Służb Wywiadowczych Republiki Czeskiej (Orgán nezávislé kontroly zpravodajských služeb České republiky)
- …
