1,720,962 research outputs found
Data quantifying macro and trace elements behaviour along the feed–manure–treated waste continuum in pig production
No full textThis dataset provides insight on products compositions (Cu, Zn and others minerals) along two contrasted manure management chains including only storage for the first one and in-building separation phase, anaerobic digestion (AD) of solid phase and digestate drying for the second. Samples of feed, raw manure, solid and liquid phases after separation of the manure and anaerobic digestion products were collected. Total compounds of these samples were analysed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Quantification et pilotage des flux de cuivre et de zinc : de l’alimentation des porcs à l’engraissement aux traitements de leurs effluents
No full textCopper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are trace elements and may present an environmental risk when they accumulate in soils. They are also essential minerals in swine nutrition, but are poorly retained by pigs. Thus, more than 90% of the amount ingested by pigs is excreted, and migrates into agricultural soils through the agronomic use of effluents. Within this context, the general objective of this thesis is to characterize Cu and Zn flows along the feed-pig-excreta-treatment products continuum, and to identify management levers that can be implemented to reduce their environmental impact. This thesis was based on three complementary approaches: (1) a "field" study ofexisting systems, to complete the literature on Cu and Zn flows, (2) a numerical modelling approach, to simulate and predict Cu and Zn fate as a function of pig feed and effluent treatments, and (3) an experimental approach, which enabled to explore the possibilities for reducing dietary Cu and Zn concentrations without negatively impacting pig fattening performance, and to evaluate the dietary strategies studied on the scale of the feed-animal-excreta-treatment product continuum (after anaerobic digestion and composting). Finally, this work enabled to evaluate various combinations of feeding strategies and effluent valorisation chains, and to propose levers for managing Cu and Zn flows.Le cuivre (Cu) et le zinc (Zn) sont des éléments traces métalliques dont l’accumulation dans les sols peut présenter un risque environnemental. Ce sont aussi des minéraux essentiels en nutrition porcine, mais ils sont peu retenus par les porcs. Ainsi, plus de 90 % de la part ingérée par les animaux est excrétée dans les déjections, et migrent dans les sols agricoles lors de la valorisation agronomique des effluents. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif général de cette thèse est de caractériser les flux de Cu et de Zn sur le continuum aliment-porc-déjections-produits de traitement et d’identifier des leviers de pilotage à mettre en œuvre pour réduire leur impact environnemental. Cette thèse s’est ainsi appuyée sur trois démarches complémentaires : (1) une étude “terrain” de filières existantes qui a permis de compléter les données de la bibliographie sur les flux de Cu et de Zn, (2) une approche numérique de modélisation qui a permis de simuler et prédire le comportement du Cu et du Zn en fonction de l’alimentation des porcs et des traitements appliqués aux effluents, (3) et une approche expérimentale, qui a permis de définir les possibilités de réduction des concentrations alimentaires de Cu et de Zn sans impacter négativement les performances d’engraissement des porcs, et d’évaluer les stratégies alimentaires étudiée à l’échelle du continuum aliment-animal-déjection-produits de traitement (après méthanisation et compostage). Au final l’ensemble de ces travaux permet d’évaluer les différentes combinaisons de stratégies alimentaires et de filières de valorisation des effluents et de proposer des leviers de pilotage des flux de Cu et de Zn
Quantification et pilotage des flux de cuivre et de zinc : de l’alimentation des porcs à l’engraissement aux traitements de leurs effluents
No full textCopper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are trace elements and may present an environmental risk when they accumulate in soils. They are also essential minerals in swine nutrition, but are poorly retained by pigs. Thus, more than 90% of the amount ingested by pigs is excreted, and migrates into agricultural soils through the agronomic use of effluents. Within this context, the general objective of this thesis is to characterize Cu and Zn flows along the feed-pig-excreta-treatment products continuum, and to identify management levers that can be implemented to reduce their environmental impact. This thesis was based on three complementary approaches: (1) a "field" study ofexisting systems, to complete the literature on Cu and Zn flows, (2) a numerical modelling approach, to simulate and predict Cu and Zn fate as a function of pig feed and effluent treatments, and (3) an experimental approach, which enabled to explore the possibilities for reducing dietary Cu and Zn concentrations without negatively impacting pig fattening performance, and to evaluate the dietary strategies studied on the scale of the feed-animal-excreta-treatment product continuum (after anaerobic digestion and composting). Finally, this work enabled to evaluate various combinations of feeding strategies and effluent valorisation chains, and to propose levers for managing Cu and Zn flows.Le cuivre (Cu) et le zinc (Zn) sont des éléments traces métalliques dont l’accumulation dans les sols peut présenter un risque environnemental. Ce sont aussi des minéraux essentiels en nutrition porcine, mais ils sont peu retenus par les porcs. Ainsi, plus de 90 % de la part ingérée par les animaux est excrétée dans les déjections, et migrent dans les sols agricoles lors de la valorisation agronomique des effluents. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif général de cette thèse est de caractériser les flux de Cu et de Zn sur le continuum aliment-porc-déjections-produits de traitement et d’identifier des leviers de pilotage à mettre en œuvre pour réduire leur impact environnemental. Cette thèse s’est ainsi appuyée sur trois démarches complémentaires : (1) une étude “terrain” de filières existantes qui a permis de compléter les données de la bibliographie sur les flux de Cu et de Zn, (2) une approche numérique de modélisation qui a permis de simuler et prédire le comportement du Cu et du Zn en fonction de l’alimentation des porcs et des traitements appliqués aux effluents, (3) et une approche expérimentale, qui a permis de définir les possibilités de réduction des concentrations alimentaires de Cu et de Zn sans impacter négativement les performances d’engraissement des porcs, et d’évaluer les stratégies alimentaires étudiée à l’échelle du continuum aliment-animal-déjection-produits de traitement (après méthanisation et compostage). Au final l’ensemble de ces travaux permet d’évaluer les différentes combinaisons de stratégies alimentaires et de filières de valorisation des effluents et de proposer des leviers de pilotage des flux de Cu et de Zn
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Quantification and management of copper and zinc flows : from fattening pig feed to effluent treatments
No full textLe cuivre (Cu) et le zinc (Zn) sont des éléments traces métalliques dont l’accumulation dans les sols peut présenter un risque environnemental. Ce sont aussi des minéraux essentiels en nutrition porcine, mais ils sont peu retenus par les porcs. Ainsi, plus de 90 % de la part ingérée par les animaux est excrétée dans les déjections, et migrent dans les sols agricoles lors de la valorisation agronomique des effluents. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif général de cette thèse est de caractériser les flux de Cu et de Zn sur le continuum aliment-porc-déjections-produits de traitement et d’identifier des leviers de pilotage à mettre en œuvre pour réduire leur impact environnemental. Cette thèse s’est ainsi appuyée sur trois démarches complémentaires : (1) une étude “terrain” de filières existantes qui a permis de compléter les données de la bibliographie sur les flux de Cu et de Zn, (2) une approche numérique de modélisation qui a permis de simuler et prédire le comportement du Cu et du Zn en fonction de l’alimentation des porcs et des traitements appliqués aux effluents, (3) et une approche expérimentale, qui a permis de définir les possibilités de réduction des concentrations alimentaires de Cu et de Zn sans impacter négativement les performances d’engraissement des porcs, et d’évaluer les stratégies alimentaires étudiée à l’échelle du continuum aliment-animal-déjection-produits de traitement (après méthanisation et compostage). Au final l’ensemble de ces travaux permet d’évaluer les différentes combinaisons de stratégies alimentaires et de filières de valorisation des effluents et de proposer des leviers de pilotage des flux de Cu et de Zn.Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are trace elements and may present an environmental risk when they accumulate in soils. They are also essential minerals in swine nutrition, but are poorly retained by pigs. Thus, more than 90% of the amount ingested by pigs is excreted, and migrates into agricultural soils through the agronomic use of effluents. Within this context, the general objective of this thesis is to characterize Cu and Zn flows along the feed-pig-excreta-treatment products continuum, and to identify management levers that can be implemented to reduce their environmental impact. This thesis was based on three complementary approaches: (1) a "field" study ofexisting systems, to complete the literature on Cu and Zn flows, (2) a numerical modelling approach, to simulate and predict Cu and Zn fate as a function of pig feed and effluent treatments, and (3) an experimental approach, which enabled to explore the possibilities for reducing dietary Cu and Zn concentrations without negatively impacting pig fattening performance, and to evaluate the dietary strategies studied on the scale of the feed-animal-excreta-treatment product continuum (after anaerobic digestion and composting). Finally, this work enabled to evaluate various combinations of feeding strategies and effluent valorisation chains, and to propose levers for managing Cu and Zn flows
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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