1,721,108 research outputs found
Perceptions of government technology, surveillance and privacy: the UK Identity Cards Scheme
No full textPrivacy versus Security: regulating data collection and retention in Europe
No full textThis Chapter addresses the challenging relationship between privacy and national security within the European Union (EU) during the post-9/11 era, with a focus on the legislative and jurisdictional interactions between the EU and Member States
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Surveillance, accountability and organisational failure : the story of Jean Charles de Menezes.
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
How Much Surveillance is Too Much? Some Thoughts on Surveillance, Democracy, and the Political Value of Privacy
Full text linkOver the past decade it has become increasingly common to speak of the emergence of a surveillance society. Surveillance is an almost inescapable part of 21st century life. There is a very real danger that individual privacy - as it is currently understood - may soon become a thing of the past. Some would argue privacy is already dead and we have no choice but to accept our newly transparent lives. For many, surveillance has become part of daily life during visit banks, stores, shopping malls, and many public streets and parks. Travel through airports subjects our bodies to physical scans and our passports to electronic scrutiny. Attendees of public gatherings and demonstrations are often overtly captured on police CCTV video cameras. Perhaps the most profound expansion of surveillance has been in the area of dataveillance. Both the state and the private sector routinely require individuals to hand over large amounts of personal information as a matter of law or in exchange for access to services. The private sector owns vast amounts of information about us and processes and shares that information to create consumer profiles capable of accurately predicting individual consumption preferences. The intrusion of surveillance and dataveillance into every aspect of our lives hampers the degree to which individuals are able to construct and control different context-specific social identities. Our ability to function in society rests partly on our ability to keep these social roles separate. surveillance posses a very real threat to teh possibility of living complex, multi-layered social lives. This chapter considers question of how surveillance might affect the proper functioning of the rule of law, and the related question of how much surveillance is too much in a democratic society. The author considers: (1) the role of privacy in the protection of political rights; and (2) how much surveillance is too much
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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