1,720,989 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Patients, relatives and treatment team: mutual assessment of stress and multiprofessional support needs in the context of oncological treatments
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen psychischen Auswirkungen einer onkologischen Erkrankung. Dabei konnten sowohl bei Patient*innen als auch bei Angehörigen entsprechende Folgen festgesellt werden. Beide Gruppen zeigten zum Teil ähnlich hohe Ausprägungen psychischer Belastungen. Eine Inanspruchnahme vorhandener psychoonkologischer Angebote wurde vor allem für Patientinnen und vor allem jüngere Patient*innen beschrieben und stand in Zusammenhang mit starker psychosozialer Belastung. Soziale Unterstützung, als eine Ressource in der Bewältigung, stellte sich als ein Grund für eine Nichtinanspruchnahme heraus. Dies verdeutlicht Anforderungen an die Angehörigen. Unsicherheiten im Verlauf der Erkrankung thematisierten Angehörigen besonders. Die gegenseitige Einschätzung der Belastungen durch Patientinnen und ihre Partner ergab zum Teil erhebliche Unterschiede zwischen Fremd- und Selbsteinschätzung. Die Bedürfnisse von Patient*innen und Angehörigen im Behandlungsverlauf schätzte ein multiprofessionelles Behandlungsteam ähnlich ein.
Alle Ergebnisse unterstützen und erweitern die in anderen Studien erhobenen Befunde. Sie verdeutlichen den hohen Stellenwert der psychoonkologischen Versorgung und eine hohe Priorität in der multiprofessionellen Behandlung von onkologischen Patient*innen.
Mit der Weiterentwicklung moderner Diagnostik- und Therapiemöglichkeiten steigt auch der Bedarf an Forschung auf dem Gebiet der Psychoonkologie
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss psychoonkologischer Interventionen auf das psychische Befinden bei Patienten mit soliden Tumoren im perioperativen Setting
Full text linkDie jährliche Inzidenz von Krebserkrankungen liegt in Deutschland bei 450.000. Angst und Depression können zu jedem Zeitpunkt als Folge der Erkrankung selbst, aber auch der oft schwerwiegenden Behandlungen auftreten. In Studie 1 wurde der Frage nach der Wirksamkeit psychoonkologischer Interventionen im perioperativen Setting nachgegangen. 132 Patienten wurden anhand des kritischen Wertes von 12 in der HADS entweder in eine low-risk- oder eine high-risk-Gruppe eingeteilt. Innerhalb jeder Gruppe wurden diese in einen Arm mit Intervention und in einen Arm ohne Intervention randomisiert. Am Ende des stationären Aufenthaltes wurden Angst und Depression erneut erfasst. Es konnte eine Reduktion von Angst und Depression bei psychisch hoch belasteten Patienten bereits während des stationären Aufenthaltes durch psychoonkologische Intervention nachgewiesen werden. Studie 2 untersuchte die Frage nach der Wirksamkeit zwei verschiedener psychoonkologischer Interventionen. Dazu sollten die Effekte eines einmaligen Gespräches und einer einmaligen Entspannung vergleichend analysiert werden. Die Besonderheit dieser Studie liegt in der Erfassung sowohl subjektiver als auch objektiver Stressparameter. Die Einteilung in low-risk- und high-risk-Gruppe erfolgte analog zu Studie 1. In diese Studie konnten 45 Patientinnen eingeschlossen werden. Innerhalb der high-risk-Gruppe erfolgte die Randomisierung in die Interventionsarme. Beide Interventionen führten zu Reduktion von Angst und Depression. Das Gespräch zeigte sich bezüglich Depression wirksamer. Hinsichtlich subjektiv und objektiv gemessener Stressparameter ergab sich ein Vorteil für den Entspannungsarm. Die Resultate geben jedoch Hinweise darauf, dass bei über einem Drittel der Patientinnen eine einmalige Intervention nicht ausreichend ist. Die Ergebnisse beider Studien werden zusammengefasst und aus stresstheoretischer Sicht diskutiert. Daran schließen sich Empfehlungen für die Praxis und weitere notwendige Untersuchungen.In Germany the annual incidence rate of cancer is 450,000. Anxiety and depression can occur at any time point as a consequence of the disease itself or as a result of severe therapies. In study 1 the efficacy of psycho-oncological interventions in a peri-surgical setting has been analysed. 132 patients beginning inpatient treatment at a hospital specializing in surgical oncology were either classified as ‘low-risk’ or ‘high-risk’, according to the HADS. Patients from both categories were then randomly placed in either an ‘intervention’ group or an ‘observation’ group. Anxiety and depression levels were measured again prior to the patients discharge from the department of surgical oncology. Thereby a reduction of anxiety and depression in patients with a severe psychological burden has been demonstrated, already during their inpatient stay. Study 2 explored the question if there are any differences in the efficacy of two psycho-oncological interventions. The effects of a single therapy session versus a non-recurring relaxation have been analysed in this present study. The distinctiveness of this study is the collection of subjective and objective stress parameters. The classification in high-risk or low-risk-group took place according to study 1. Both interventions lead to a reduction in anxiety and depression. An advantage concerning depression was found in the conversation arm. With regards to the subjectively and objectively measured stress parameters, an advantage in the relaxation arm has been observed. In cancer patients with a severe psychological burden, psycho-oncological interventions in an inpatient setting represent instrumental support as part of interdisciplinary care. Nonetheless, the results suggest that in more than one third of patients a non-recurring intervention is not sufficient. The findings of both studies are summarised and discussed from a stress-theoretical viewpoint, followed by recommendations on further necessary examinations
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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