1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Visual ecology in cuttlefish : effects of water turbidity on survival, development and reproduction
No full textEn France la seiche commune Sepia officinalis est élevée en eau claire alors qu’elle a évolué dans un environnement naturel où la turbidité de l’eau varie saisonnièrement et quotidiennement. Cette thèse tente de voir si l’élevage dans des conditions proches du milieu naturel (i.e turbides) ne permet pas d’améliorer les conditions de vie des seiches en laboratoire. Nous avons démontré que la préférence pour le milieu turbide est âge dépendante : les jeunes seiches préfèrent l’eau claire et les plus âgées l’eau turbide. Le comportement prédateur des seiches n’est pas modifié en milieu turbide sauf pour le groupe élevé en turbidité forte où le comportement prédateur est moins performant en eau turbide. Les seiches adaptent leur camouflage à la turbidité de l’eau de leur environnent. L’environnement d’élevage joue probablement sur la façon dont les seiches perçoivent la turbidité. La turbidité impacte également l’ensablement, un comportement défensif pourtant peu dépendant des stimuli visuels. Nous avons également montré un effet de l’expérience individuelle et du milieu d’élevage sur l’adaptation à la turbidité. A l’âge de 7 jours les seiches élevées dans une eau turbide développent des capacités visuelles supérieures en eau claire (sensibilité à la polarisation) et en eau turbide (contraste d’intensité). Nos résultats préliminaires semblent suggérer que la seiche utilise préférentiellement la modalité olfactive en eau turbide. La couleur de l’œuf, le site de ponte et le milieu d’élevage influencent les capacités visuelles de seiches juvéniles et conditionnent leur sensibilité et leur adaptation à la turbidité. Chez une espèce d’eau claire, Sepia pharaonis la turbidité influence les capacités visuelles mais les individus semblent limités dans les réponses adaptatives qu’ils peuvent produire pour se camoufler dans un milieu turbide. L’ensemble de nos résultats montrent que la turbidité du milieu, lorsqu’elle est modérée, est un élément d’enrichissement qui pourrait être utilisée afin d’améliorer les conditions d’élevage de la seiche commune.In France, the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis is reared in clear water whereas it evolved in a natural environment where water turbidity varies seasonally and daily. This thesis therefore attempts to see if rearing in conditions close to the natural environment (i.e. turbid) would not improve the living conditions of cuttlefish in the laboratory. We have shown that the preference for turbid environment is age dependent: young cuttlefish prefer clear water and old cuttlefish prefer turbid water. The predatory behavior of cuttlefish is not modified in turbid water except for the group reared in high turbidity: in this group the predatory behavior is less efficient in turbid water. Cuttlefish adapt their camouflage to water turbidity in their environment. The rearing environment probably modify the way cuttlefish perceive water turbidity. Water turbidity also impacts sand-digging behavior, a defensive behavior that is not very dependent on visual stimuli. We also showed an effect of individual experience and rearing environment on adaptation to water turbidity. At the age of 7 days, cuttlefish reared in turbid water develop better visual abilities in clear water (sensitivity to polarization) and in turbid water (intensity contrast). Our preliminary results suggest that cuttlefish preferentially use the olfactory modality in turbid water. Egg color, spawning site and rearing environment influence the visual abilities of juvenile cuttlefish and condition their sensitivity and adaptation to water turbidity. In a clear water species, Sepia pharaonis, water turbidity influences visual abilities but individuals seem limited in the adaptive responses they can produce to camouflage themselves in a turbid environment. All our results show that water turbidity of the environment, when it is moderate, is an enrichment element that could be used to improve the rearing conditions of the common cuttlefish
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ecologie visuelle de la seiche : effets de la turbidité sur la survie, le développement et la reproduction (SEDIMENT)
No full textIn France, the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis is reared in clear water whereas it evolved in a natural environment where water turbidity varies seasonally and daily. This thesis therefore attempts to see if rearing in conditions close to the natural environment (i.e. turbid) would not improve the living conditions of cuttlefish in the laboratory. We have shown that the preference for turbid environment is age dependent: young cuttlefish prefer clear water and old cuttlefish prefer turbid water. The predatory behavior of cuttlefish is not modified in turbid water except for the group reared in high turbidity: in this group the predatory behavior is less efficient in turbid water. Cuttlefish adapt their camouflage to water turbidity in their environment. The rearing environment probably modify the way cuttlefish perceive water turbidity. Water turbidity also impacts sand-digging behavior, a defensive behavior that is not very dependent on visual stimuli. We also showed an effect of individual experience and rearing environment on adaptation to water turbidity. At the age of 7 days, cuttlefish reared in turbid water develop better visual abilities in clear water (sensitivity to polarization) and in turbid water (intensity contrast). Our preliminary results suggest that cuttlefish preferentially use the olfactory modality in turbid water. Egg color, spawning site and rearing environment influence the visual abilities of juvenile cuttlefish and condition their sensitivity and adaptation to water turbidity. In a clear water species, Sepia pharaonis, water turbidity influences visual abilities but individuals seem limited in the adaptive responses they can produce to camouflage themselves in a turbid environment. All our results show that water turbidity of the environment, when it is moderate, is an enrichment element that could be used to improve the rearing conditions of the common cuttlefish.En France la seiche commune Sepia officinalis est élevée en eau claire alors qu’elle a évolué dans un environnement naturel où la turbidité de l’eau varie saisonnièrement et quotidiennement. Cette thèse tente de voir si l’élevage dans des conditions proches du milieu naturel (i.e turbides) ne permet pas d’améliorer les conditions de vie des seiches en laboratoire. Nous avons démontré que la préférence pour le milieu turbide est âge dépendante : les jeunes seiches préfèrent l’eau claire et les plus âgées l’eau turbide. Le comportement prédateur des seiches n’est pas modifié en milieu turbide sauf pour le groupe élevé en turbidité forte où le comportement prédateur est moins performant en eau turbide. Les seiches adaptent leur camouflage à la turbidité de l’eau de leur environnent. L’environnement d’élevage joue probablement sur la façon dont les seiches perçoivent la turbidité. La turbidité impacte également l’ensablement, un comportement défensif pourtant peu dépendant des stimuli visuels. Nous avons également montré un effet de l’expérience individuelle et du milieu d’élevage sur l’adaptation à la turbidité. A l’âge de 7 jours les seiches élevées dans une eau turbide développent des capacités visuelles supérieures en eau claire (sensibilité à la polarisation) et en eau turbide (contraste d’intensité). Nos résultats préliminaires semblent suggérer que la seiche utilise préférentiellement la modalité olfactive en eau turbide. La couleur de l’œuf, le site de ponte et le milieu d’élevage influencent les capacités visuelles de seiches juvéniles et conditionnent leur sensibilité et leur adaptation à la turbidité. Chez une espèce d’eau claire, Sepia pharaonis la turbidité influence les capacités visuelles mais les individus semblent limités dans les réponses adaptatives qu’ils peuvent produire pour se camoufler dans un milieu turbide. L’ensemble de nos résultats montrent que la turbidité du milieu, lorsqu’elle est modérée, est un élément d’enrichissement qui pourrait être utilisée afin d’améliorer les conditions d’élevage de la seiche commune
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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