1,720,960 research outputs found
The role of culture in order-building: Lessons from China's engagement on the borders of the EU
No full textThis chapter outlines China’s and the European Union (EU)’s contrasting approaches to culture and presents a case study that provides lessons for future China-EU relations and their perspectives on global order-building. In the past decades, the rise of China has been perceived as not only an economic challenge but also as a significant force to be dealt with in terms of political, social, and cultural values, which are often posited as conflicting with those of the EU. This issue is especially significant in an era where views on migration, multiculturalism, and the so-called culture wars play an increasingly important role in gaining and maintaining political and economic power. Mainstream IR and IPE theories tend to either overlook or overestimate the importance of culture in global development. On the other hand, the emerging theory on cultural diversity by Christian Reus-Smit gives an alternative view on how managing culture can be a moderating factor in order-building. Applying this methodological framework on the example of the Western Balkans’ relations with China and the EU, this chapter analyzes and reconsiders the theoretical notions and practical implications of concepts related to international cooperation, bilateral relations, and agency in a world of global change
Methodological issues in the comparative research of culture by Richard Nisbett
No full textRezultati studija međukulturnih i međunacionalnih razlika decenijama pronalaze primenu u sferi upravljanja i poslovanja, dok se u naučnim krugovima brojnih disciplina čije se metode primenjuju u ovim multidisciplinarnim analizama često raspravlja o validnosti prikazanih procesa istraživanja i zaključivanja. Oslanjajući se na objavljene kritičke radove, pre svega na kritiku nacionalnih modela Gerta Hofstedea (Geert Hofstede), u ovom radu razmatramo metodološke karakteristike komparativnih psiholoških istraživanja Ričarda Nizbeta (Richard Nisbett) predstavljenih u studiji The Geography of Thought - How Asians and Westerners Think Differently...and Why. Razmatramo tri aspekta metodologije istraživanja: 1. ključne pretpostavke na kojima je izgrađena hipoteza - definiciju kulture/nacije, poimanje prirode razmišljanja i percepciju veze između pripadnosti kulturi i načina razmišljanja; 2. način uzorkovanja - veličinu uzorka i kriterijume odabira subjekata; i 3. način zaključivanja - opravdanost generalizacije i tumačenja korelacija. Sumirajući metodološke probleme analiziranih istraživanja, razmatramo moguće načine njihovog rešavanja u budućim studijama.The results of studies of cultural and national differences have been applied in the area of management and business for decades, but there are still significant debates among researchers about the scientific validity of such research. Based on the existing body of critical analyses, especially the critique of Geert Hofstede's national models, we consider certain methodological characteristics of the comparative psychological research of Richard Nisbett presented in his study entitled The Geography of Thought - How Asians and Westerners Think Differently... and Why. We focus on three main areas: 1. key underlying assumptions of the hypothesis - definition of culture/nation, perception of the nature of cognition and the relation between cultural heritage and cognition; 2. sampling - sample size and criteria for selecting subjects; and 3. validity of conclusions - generalization and interpretation of correlations. The main methodological problems observed in this paper are: an unjustified deterministic and causal perception of culture and the relationship between culture and cognition; a simplified perception of culture as homogenous and territorially unique; tracking only one variable; imprecise and inconsistent definition of populations; unspecified sample sizes and statistical relevance; lack of interpretation in a contemporary context. We believe that most issues could be overcome by conducting pilot studies, in order to justify the initial assumptions in the hypothesis and sampling. As for the lack of information, we believe it is important to include such data even in scientific publications for a wider audience, especially in the case of potentially controversial topics
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Agile & lean curriculum design: adapting study programs to labor market needs
No full textOne of the main contemporary challenges of education is keeping up with a frequently shifting and unpredictable labor market, pressured to deliver highly skilled, global-oriented community leaders. Higher education is especially challenged considering the fact that universities are most often traditional, institutionalized systems with limited flexibility and national constraints. The very essence of the way study programs are designed and implemented must be changed if universities are to remain the most prominent credential bodies. In addressing these issues, we suggest an agile approach – applying a variation of work methodologies and strategies created in the world of software development and lean/just-in-time production industries focused on maintaining and promoting high rates of improvement.
The suggested framework builds its success on a set of values and principles such as welcoming changing requirements, quick and regular adaptation to changing circumstances, frequent/iterative delivery, self-organizing, cross-functional teams and motivated individuals. This student-oriented approach, based on the productive principles of learner autonomy, empiricism, collaboration, prioritization, time boxing, transparency and trust for every step within a given framework, empowers students to get involved in creating their own education process, to design their professional future, to set goals that matter to them personally and to fully invest themselves in team creativity and innovation. Through lean/agile methods and tools students learn to enjoy the process, to produce the change and to adapt to change more easily – both when their professional field develops, and when faced with a change of environment, i.e. in a global context. The suggested methodology is embedded in the curriculum as a type of hidden curriculum, and the very process, rather than the content, is innovative and adaptable. These tools can help create a new world of higher education which can respond to future challenges.
We present a model through a case study of designing a curriculum for language study programs which builds on extensive research of labor market needs, and enables almost real-time inclusion of shifts that occur in the real world in the curriculum. By identifying all relevant stakeholders and decision makers, and including them in the process of higher education, universities can regain and fortify their role and purpose in the 21st century digital, mass society. We use the example of languages, as an essential tool for efficient communication in today's and tomorrow's globalized, connected world.
Through a detailed theoretical account, modular paradigm, and case study, we explore the possible applications of agile methodologies in higher education in the context of and for the betterment of an ever-developing and ever-connecting world of global citizens
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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