1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Die Rolle von Sportvereinen in der Betreuung übergewichtiger und adipöser Kinder und Jugendlicher
Get PDFZusammenfassung:
Einleitung: Übergewicht bei Kindern und Jugendlichen sowie mögliche Interventionsansätze gewinnen auf Grund steigender Prävalenzzahlen immer mehr an Bedeutung. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde das Projekt schwer mobil des LSB NRW für ursprünglich „nur“ übergewichtige Kinder, ein in Sportvereinen implementiertes Bewegungsprogramm, verbunden mit Ernährungseinheiten, hinsichtlich der anthropometrischen Daten, der motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit sowie des Freizeitverhaltens der Teilnehmer überprüft. Zudem wurden die entsprechenden Daten der Eltern bzw. deren Einfluss auf die Entwicklung des Kindes ermittelt.
Methodik: Als Interventionsgruppe (IG) wurden Kinder aus teilnehmenden Vereinen zu Beginn (T1) und Ende des Programms (T2) untersucht. Als Kontrollgruppe (KG) wurden Kinder aus umliegenden Schulen herangezogen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden nur übergewichtige und adipöse Kinder, die an beiden Untersuchungszeitpunkten teilnahmen, berücksichtigt (IG: n=88; KG: n=88). Neben den anthropometrischen Daten wurde anhand des Dordel-Koch-Tests die motorische Leistungsfähigkeit sowie mittels Fragebogen Abgaben zum Freizeitverhalten der Kinder und den Daten der Eltern (BMI, BMI-SDS, SES) erhoben.
Ergebnisse: Zum Zeitpunkt T1 waren die Kinder im Mittel 9,6 ± 1,6 Jahre alt, der BMI lag bei 24,5 ± 2,7 kg/m². In der IG zeigte sich, dass mit 80,7% vor allem adipöse Kinder das Programm nutzen. Nach einjähriger Intervention blieb der BMI in der IG weitgehend konstant (T1: 24,8 ± 2,7 kg/m²; T2: 24,8 ± 2,9 kg/m²; p=0,822) und stieg in der KG tendenziell an (T1: 24,2 ± 2,7 kg/m²; T2: 24,7 ± 3,2 kg/m²; p=0,052). Bei den adipösen, nicht jedoch den übergewichtigen Kindern war dieser Unterschied signifikant (p=0,048). Der BMI-SDS sank in beiden Gruppen (IG: -0,14 ± 0,23, p≤0,001; KG -0,14 ± 0,42; p=0,003). Die motorische Leistungsfähigkeit erwies sich in beiden Gruppen, besonders aber in der IG als defizitär. Von T1 nach T2 konnte keine signifikante Steigerung der motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit der IG gegenüber der KG erzielt werden. Auch hinsichtlich des Freizeitverhaltens waren keine Effekte erkennbar. Es zeigte sich kein deutlicher Einfluss der elterlichen Variablen.
Diskussion: Bislang liegen keine Daten über die Effektivität vereinsbasierter Maßnahmen vor. Insgesamt erscheinen die Effekte von schwer mobil auf Basis der vorliegenden Daten als eher gering, obwohl die Stabilisierung des BMI in der IG im Gegensatz zur KG positiv zu werten ist. Zu beachten bleibt der hohe Anteil adipöser Kinder in der IG. Auf Grund dieser veränderten Zielgruppe ist ein einmal wöchentlich stattfindendes Programm möglicherweise nicht ausreichend, um deutliche Effekte zu erzielen. Eine Intensivierung der Maßnahmen, verbunden mit einer Erhöhung der wöchentlichen Frequenz und einer verstärkten Einbeziehung der Eltern, sollte daher angestrebt werden. Im Rahmen von schwer mobil plus ist eine derartige Umsetzung und Erweiterung des Grundkonzeptes bereits geplant.
Abstract
Introduction: Due to increasing numbers of prevalence, overweight in children and adolescents as well as possible intervention strategies are ganing importance. The program schwer mobil, initiated by the LSB NRW and located in sports clubs, is a sports-based exercise program combined with nutrition units, which tries to counter this problem. This paper examines the effectiveness of the program concerning motor abilities, anthropometric data and leisure habits of its participants. In addition, the parents` data and their influence on the data and the development of the child is identified.
Methods: An intervention group (IG) consisting of children from participating clubs was tested at the beginning (T1) and the end of the program (T2). School classes functioned as a controll group (CG). In this study only those children were included who took part in the baseline examination as well as in the follow up examination and also proved to be overweight or obese (IG: n=88; KG: n=88). Anthropometric data were assessed and motor abilities were determined by DKT (Dordel-Koch-Test). A standardized questionaire was used to record leisure time habits of the children and parental data (BMI, BMI-SDS, SES).
Results: At the time of the baseline examination children were on average 9,6 ± 1,6 years old, their average BMI was 24,5 ± 2,7 kg/m². With 80,7% in the IG particulary obese children attended the program. After one year of intervention the BMI in den IG remained mostly constant (T1: 24,8 ± 2,7 kg/m²; T2: 24,8 ± 2,9 kg/m²; p=0,822) und increased in the CG (T1: 24,2 ± 2,7 kg/m²; T2: 24,7 ± 3,2 kg/m²; p=0,052). In obese, but not in overweight children these differences were significant (p=0,048). The decrease of the BMI-SDS was significantly in both groups (IG: -0,14 ± 0,23, p≤0,001; CG -0,14 ± 0,42; p=0,003). Motor abilities turned out to be in defizit in both groups, particularly in IG. No significant differences concerning motor development were found between IG and CG. In addition no effects in terms of leisure habits were identified. There was no significant influence of parental variables.
Discussion: Currently there are no further data on the effectiveness of interventions carried out by sports clubs. On the basis of available data the overall effects of schwer mobil seem to be little, whereas the stabilization of the BMI in the IG in contrast to the CG can be taken as a positive effect. The high amount of obese children in the IG is to be taken into account when analysing the results. Due to the changing target group a once-weekly program may not be sufficient to achieve significant effects. Therefore it should be aimed at intensifying measures, in combination with an increase in weekly frequency and increased involvement of parents. Within the programm schwer mobil plus such an implementation and expansion of the basic concept is already in the planning stage
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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