1,720,959 research outputs found
DATASET of the paper: "Innovative use of passive and active Distributed Temperature Sensing for estimating infiltration rates in a Managed Aquifer Recharge framework" (Journal of Hydrology)
No full textThis dataset contains the data presented in the paper: "Innovative use of passive and active Distributed Temperature Sensing for estimating infiltration rates in a Managed Aquifer Recharge framework". The explanations related to each datafile are contained in the file README.txt
Chemical characterization of urban waters aimed for managed aquifer recharge in the Hesbaye chalk aquifer (Liège, Belgium)
Full text linkeditorial reviewedManaged Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is a viable method that has gained recognition for storing alternative waters in aquifers for subsequent recovery or environmental benefits. It has the potential to increase the supply of fresh water and protect aquifers from overexploitation and degradation, but it might also carry the risk of contaminating groundwater since the recharge water used may contain a wide range of organic and inorganic contaminants. Therefore, it is important to carefully assess the quality of these alternative sources of water (such as runoff water) used for MAR and implement appropriate treatment measures to remove or neutralize any contaminants that may be present. The purpose of this research is to conduct a preliminary feasibility study of MAR as a potential mitigation measure in the Hesbaye chalk aquifer since this major source of drinking water for the region of Liège (Belgium) is threatened both in terms of quantity and quality. In the first phase of the study, the quality of runoff waters collected from stormwater basins along national roads and in a national airport area was analysed and certain contaminants of emerging concerns were detected at concentrations close to drinking water limits or environmental safety guidelines. In particular, contaminations with PFAS compounds have been detected in stormwater basins in the airport area with maximum values reaching up 490, 330 and 250 ng/L for PFECHS, PFPeA and 6:2 FTS respectively. Other contaminants of emerging concerns such as alkylphenols and organophosphate flame retardants have been detected as well. In a second phase, estimates of expected recharge rates were determined through in-situ experimentation using a small infiltration pond with a pressure sensor and innovative active-DTS measurements with buried optical fiber cables to monitor the infiltration of water into the loess (eolian loam) sediments overlaying the Hesbaye chalk aquifer. Finally, these input data have been used to perform 1D transport modelling simulations in order to make a preliminary evaluation of the risk of groundwater deterioration in the case where these raw runoff waters are infiltrated without pre-treatment. Column infiltration tests are planned to get a better estimation of the soil attenuation capacity in the unsaturated zone. This study is unique in that i) it explores the feasibility of MAR in a country in which the method is not well-developed yet, ii) the use of airport runoff water as a potential source of recharge water is novel and has not been widely examined in previous MAR studies and iii) aquifer-soil treatment in loess sediments overlaying a chalky fractured aquifer is a unique hydrogeological setting to perform MAR operations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Applicability of Uncertainty analysis to groundwater environmental risks through Fault Tree Analysis and Monte Carlo simulations
Full text linkThe Anthropocene epoch initiated by human in
uence on its Earth system (biosphere,
hydrosphere, ...) leads to an irreversible change: Global warming. Climate
change alters all existing natural processes, including the ones related to groundwater.
The present paper aims to study the occurrence's probability of two particular
groundwater risks: the generation of thermokarst lakes in permafrost environment
and its subsequent thermal consequences in the surroundings as well as seawater
intrusion inducing saltwater contamination in pumping wells. These processes are
dependent of physical parameters to which is attached uncertainty. Consequently,
two uncertainty analysis methods have been applied to determine the probability
of occurence of these undesired events: Fault Tree Analysis and Monte Carlo Simulation.
Beside the rough approximation performed to evaluate the probability of
thermokarst lake occurence (48%) and of talik development under these latter (73%)
by means of fault tree analysis, these high failure probabilities translate the urge to
slow down global warming due to the irreversible effect on permafrost environment,
meaning its thawing and releasing of trapped methane in the atmosphere. On the
other hand, Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to compare dfferent scenarii
related to seawater intrusion in Akrotiri aquifer in Cyprus. The results once
again translate the disastrous effect of climate change regarding the probability of
occurence of these unwanted events. Indeed, a failure probability around 6 times
greater (43%) is observed in the climate change scenario with respect to the reference
scenario (7%).
Uncertainty analysis is good methodology to apply to environmental concerns
to quantify the occurence's probability of these undesired events. This would urge
public authorities to perform decision making in order to avoid or reduce the failure's
probability of these groundwater issues that have irreversible consequences
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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