1,721,048 research outputs found
La sicurezza sul lavoro: dalle norme alle pratiche organizzative
No full textThe article deals the relationship between safety and work, focusing on organizational processes of implementation of regulatory framework. For this purpose the author analyses the historical evolution of regulation, individual and collective actors and organizational tools who aim to guarantee safety of work. On the basis of an empirical study the article shows that the principal difficulties emerging in the organization concern the possibility of the workers of participate in substantive way to realization of safety in working context
Le diseguaglianze nei processi formativi e nelle transizioni al lavoro dei giovani in provincia di Bologna
No full textIl saggio prende spunto da un percorso di studio e di ricerca a sostegno della programmazione di politiche per il successo scolastico e formativo e di supporto ai processi di transizione al lavoro della popolazione giovanile, nel territorio della provincia di Bologna. Le analisi mostrano dapprima il rapporto tra diseguaglianze sociali ed educative e di queste ultime con i percorsi di transizione al lavoro. In tale ottica le argomentazioni sviluppate nel corso del lavoro suggeriscono l’esigenza di politiche di welfare in grado di integrare interventi per la formazione ed il lavoro con politiche di protezione sociale e di contrasto alle diseguaglianze sociali
La conoscenza nella programmazione sociale. L’esperienza dell’Osservatorio sul bisogno dell’area metropolitana bolognese
No full textBased on a case study of the Bologna metropolitan
area, the article deals with the relationship between the design and transformation
of information systems, policy goals, and implementation practices in local welfare systems.
The first part provides an overview of how the Italian regulatory framework recently
changed in the way that local public action takes place, and a theoretical discussion of the
relationship between social planning and knowledge. Against this backdrop, the authors
describe the implementation process of an information system aimed at supporting access
to local social care services, and matching supply with demand. Due to predefined targets
and matching of claimants/services, the evidence from the case study shows that the design
of the computerized system actually obscures needs, wants, and demands. In contrast, on
the basis of their daily interaction with citizens, front-desk officers have a good sense of
how social needs have changed (especially following the crisis) and of their current profile.
This kind of knowledge – which usually does not filter upwards – is extremely precious
and should receive more attention. In the authors’ view, street-level bureaucrats can play
a crucial role to adjust the organizational system to meet peoples’ needs
La dispersione scolastica e formativa a Bologna: l'esperienza dell'Osservatorio metropolitano sulla scolarità
No full textNell'ambito del processo di integrazione comunitaria, anche in Italia, a partire dalla fine degli anni '90, sono stati messi a punto, seppure in modo frammentato sul territorio nazionale, azioni di monitoraggio anagrafico dei percorsi scolastici e formativi e di transizione al lavoro, a supporto della programmazione di politiche per favorire la partecipazione e l'inclusione scolastica e formativa. Il saggio illustra l'esperienza dell'Osservatorio sulla scolarità della Città metropolitana di Bologna, strumento conoscitivo a supporto della programmazione territoriale di misure di contrasto alla dispersione scolastica e formativa. Le riflessioni proposte riguardano il più generale tema della produzione di basi informative a sostegno di politiche volte a superare le diseguaglianze e promuovere la libertà sostantiva di ogni ragazza e ragazzo di formulare e realizzare, attraverso la formazione e il lavoro, un autonomo progetto di vita
Trasformazioni delle basi informative e immaginazione sociologica
No full textThe process of intense abstraction and quantification of the informational basis of policies is at the centre of this article. In the first part, the authors summarize some of the main trends of the increasing process of transformation of the informational basis of policies and of the ways such a abstract, standardised and quantified knowledge is imposed as objectified to the individuals. The “bureaucratization of the world” and some of its consequences are discussed. These processes are then more precisely addressed into two different fields of policies: the relationship between safety and work; the educational processes and the sphere of professionalization. Here, the performative and disciplining effects of the devices incorporating these cognitive basis (undergoing the transformation described in the first part of the article) are discussed. Finally, the authors deal with the responsibilities characterizing social research itself, as one of the voices contributing to the processes of producing and formatting informational basis. The need to move towards “enlarged scientific communities”, promoting citizens’ capability for voice (also) into the production of informational basis and democratizing research activities is argued
Territorial Differences: What Role Does School Play?
No full textThe purpose of this essay is to present certain thoughts prompted by a research project on youth policy in the Pianura Est social services-health district of the Bologna metropolitan area which is still under way. In particular, from the starting point of the then Bologna province school observatory, we consider the impact of the area’s structural conditions on delayed study progression and school commuting. The underlying hypothesis is that territorial differences impact on the effects of school socio-cultural segregation – by amplifying or tempering them – and consequently the opportunities of students from various contexts to break free of these in an educational demand mechanism generated by supply
Politiche del lavoro: deregolazione, inclusione e dualismo
No full textL'aumento delle disuguaglianze nelle democrazie avanzate non è avvenuta con la stessa intensità e ha colpito fasce diverse della popolazione. Il capitolo esamina gli assetti occupazionali generati dalla crescita della terziarizzazione avvenuta in modi e tempi specifici da paese a paese e la riorganizzazione delle politiche del lavoro a partire dagli anni Ottanta del secolo scorso fino ai giorni nostri. Prima degli ainni Duemila si osservano tre modelli (Europa continentale, nordica, Stati Uniti e Regno Unito) che successivamente, in un gioco di continuità e mutamento, diventano quattro. I quattro regimi di politica del lavoro sono analizzati sia in riferimento alla configurazione istituzionale delle politiche del lavoro distinguendo tra politiche di protezione e di investimento, sia in relazione ai loro esiti distributivi con specifica enfasi alle disuguaglianze salariali, di età, di genere e per livelli di qualificazione
Prepared to Care? Knowledge and Welfare in a Time of Emergency
Full text linkThe article aims at developing a dialogue between the sociology of disasters and the sociology of public action, with particular regards to the role of knowledge in welfare policy. In particular, we argue that — in an era increasingly characterised by the importance of quantitative knowledge, categorization and standardization — the studies on the “informational bases of public action” has greatly contributed to the understanding of the social dimension of the processes through which such numbers and categories are produced, incorporating extant inequalities and power relations. Through the reference to the social crises that followed Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, we show how this focus on the processes of knowledge-making can be enriched by a specific approach to disaster prevention and management such as “preparedness”, especially in its cynegetic and transformative form purposes. We conclude by outlining avenues for future research on welfare policies in a time of structural uncertainty and emergency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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