26 research outputs found
STATO PONDERALE MATERNO E TIPOLOGIA DI ALLATTAMENTO IN DIMISSIONE
No full textINTRODUZIONE: Sovrappeso e obesità sono un problema crescente di salute pubblica ed uno dei principali fattori di rischio per la salute materno-infantile. Inoltre, riducono la probabilità di allattamento al seno e la sua durata1. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro è indagare se intercorre una relazione tra indice di massa corporea (IMC) pregravidico, incremento ponderale durante la gravidanza e allattamento al seno.
MATERIALI E METODI: La relazione tra IMC pregravidico (normopeso vs. sovrappeso e obese), incremento ponderale2 e tipologia di allattamento alla dimissione (esclusivo materno vs. altro) è stata indagata mediante StataIC 14.
CASISTICA: È stata consultata la documentazione clinica di 601 donne che hanno partorito presso la clinica ostetrica dell’ospedale di Udine tra il 01/07/2019 e il 31/01/2020.
RISULTATI: L’allattamento alla dimissione è risultato essere correlato all’IMC pregravidico. L’82,9% dei neonati di madri sovrappeso e obese assumeva latte materno esclusivo vs. l’89,5% dei neonati delle madri normopeso (p=0,02). Non emerge invece relazione tra l’incremento ponderale e la tipologia di allattamento alla dimissione, considerando l’incremento ponderale (p=0,49) e l’incremento in base alle categorie di IMC (p=0,14).
CONCLUSIONI: Nel nostro campione, le donne sovrappeso e obese risultano meno propense ad intraprendere l’allattamento al seno rispetto alle normopeso, come osservato in letteratura. Al contrario, l’incremento ponderale valutato per ciascuna categoria di IMC, non risulta influenzare la tipologia di allattamento alla dimissione.
BIBLIOGRAFIA
1 Turcksin, R., Bel, S., Galjaard, S., & Devlieger, R. (2014). Maternal obesity and breastfeeding intention, initiation, intensity and duration: A systematic review. Maternal and Child Nutrition, 10(2), 166–183.
2 Council, Institute Of Medicine and N. R. (2009). Composition and Components of Gestational Weight Gain: Physiology and Metabolism. In Weight gain during pregnancy: Reexamining the guidelines
Mediterranean Diet and Metabolic Syndrome: a dietary intervention study to reduce metabolic syndrome risk after heart transplantation.
No full textBackground: heart-transplanted (HTx) patients are inclined to develop the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), mainly due to the side effects of immunosuppressive therapy. The Mediterranean Diet (MD) has proven effective preventing MetS in general population.
Aim: to assess the impact of a dietary intervention based on MD in HTx patients with high risk of MetS.
Methods: 21 HTx patients were enrolled and randomly assigned in an intervention (IG) or in a control group (CG). IG received personalised dietary advices based on MD along 3 meetings (baseline, at 6 and 12 months). CG received general dietary indications based on Italian guidelines for a healthy nutrition at baseline (1). A validated 15-item questionnaire (2) was administered to assess the MD adherence, at each timepoint to IG and at baseline and after 6 months to CG. The MD score ranged from 0 to 9 (minimal-maximal adherence). Data on MetS criteria were collected from clinical informatic system (study approved by the Ethics Committee of Friuli Venezia Giulia Region).
Results: 11 patients were included in IG and 10 in CG. At baseline, 46% patients of the IG resulted affected by MetS vs 20% of the CG (p=0.221). IG patients showed more hypertriglyceridemia (100% vs 70%, p=0.09), while the other MetS criteria were comparable. MD score was low and similar between groups (4±2 vs 4±2, p=0.918). At 6 months, MD score of IG become higher than CG (5±2 vs 4±1, p=0.169) and blood pressure (BP) expressed in mmHg (median, 25th-75th) resulted significantly lower (systolic BP 130, 120–130 vs 145, 130–147, p=0.020; diastolic BP 80, 75–80 vs 86, 83–90, p=0.004). In addition, fasting glucose (84±10mg/dL vs 94±18mg/dL, p=0.133) and triglycerides (87±38mg/dL vs 113±41mg/dL, p=0.153) were found lower in IG. At 12 months, in IG adherence to MD increased significantly compared with the baseline (7±1.3 vs 4±1.5, p=0.001) and waist circumference was reduced on average of 1.3±2.6 cm.
Conclusions: despite the small sample size due to COVID-19, the dietary intervention providing specific dietary advices based on MD principles, may exert many beneficial effects on MD adherence and MetS criteria of HTx patients.
1. CREA, 2018.
2. Gnagnarella P., Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc., 2018, 28: 1140-1147
Red blood distribution width and heart transplantation: any predictive role on patient outcome?
No full textA Web Tool to Help Counter the Spread of Misinformation and Fake News: Pre-Post Study Among Medical Students to Increase Digital Health Literacy
No full textBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic was accompanied by the spread of uncontrolled health information and fake news, which also quickly became an infodemic. Emergency communication is a challenge for public health institutions to engage the public during disease outbreaks. Health professionals need a high level of digital health literacy (DHL) to cope with difficulties; therefore, efforts should be made to address this issue starting from undergraduate medical students.
ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the DHL skills of Italian medical students and the effectiveness of an informatics course offered by the University of Florence (Italy). This course focuses on assessing the quality of medical information using the “dottoremaeveroche” (DMEVC) web resource offered by the Italian National Federation of Orders of Surgeons and Dentists, and on health information management.
MethodsA pre-post study was conducted at the University of Florence between November and December 2020. First-year medical students participated in a web-based survey before and after attending the informatics course. The DHL level was self-assessed using the eHealth Literacy Scale for Italy (IT-eHEALS) tool and questions about the features and quality of the resources. All responses were rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Change in the perception of skills was assessed using the Wilcoxon test.
ResultsA total of 341 students participated in the survey at the beginning of the informatics course (women: n=211, 61.9%; mean age 19.8, SD 2.0) and 217 of them (64.2%) completed the survey at the end of the course. At the first assessment, the DHL level was moderate, with a mean total score of the IT-eHEALS of 2.9 (SD 0.9). Students felt confident about finding health-related information on the internet (mean score of 3.4, SD 1.1), whereas they doubted the usefulness of the information they received (mean score of 2.0, SD 1.0). All scores improved significantly in the second assessment. The overall mean score of the IT-eHEALS significantly increased (P<.001) to 4.2 (SD 0.6). The item with the highest score related to recognizing the quality of health information (mean score of 4.5, SD 0.7), whereas confidence in the practical application of the information received remained the lowest (mean of 3.7, SD 1.1) despite improvement. Almost all students (94.5%) valued the DMEVC as an educational tool.
ConclusionsThe DMEVC tool was effective in improving medical students’ DHL skills. Effective tools and resources such as the DMEVC website should be used in public health communication to facilitate access to validated evidence and understanding of health recommendations
Changes of body composition and dietary intakes after a nutritional intervention in a sample of heart-transplanted patients: primary longitudinal data.
No full textIntroduction: the long-life immunosuppressive therapy, which heart-transplanted (HTx) patients are exposed to, may increase the risk of many chronic diseases or complications. In particular, metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a very frequent condition in HTx patients already before the transplantation, and steadily grows during their follow-up.
Aim: to evaluate any beneficial effect of a nutritional intervention in HTx patients, in order to prevent or reduce metabolic diseases.
Materials and methods: at baseline (T0), after 6 (T1), and 12 months (T2) patients were invited to compile a 4-day dietary record (4dDR) to bring at the scheduled visits. During the meetings, a nutritionist detected dietary habits and provided personalised nutritional advices based on the Mediterranean Diet, monitoring the improvement during the follow-ups. At each timepoint, anthropometric and body composition data were assessed. To estimate nutrient intakes from 4-dDR was used The Italian Food Composition Database (BDA). The study was approved by the Regional Ethics Committee.
Results: at T0, 15 patients were enrolled, 11 have already returned at T1 and, 7 of them, also at T2. The mean age of the subjects was 57±14 years (males: 91%). Although any significant difference was found between T0 and T2 for body weight (kg) (T0=75.3±20.6; T2=75.7±20.4; p=0.71), a significant decrease of fat mass (%) (T0=23.2±6.3; T2=14.8±10.1; p=0.014) and a significant increase of fat free mass (%) (T0=76.8±6.3; T2=85.2±10.1; p=0.014) were obtained, with an increase of body cell mass between T1 and T2 (%) (T1=50.9±3.8; T2=53.4±3.4; p=0.031). Accordingly, dietary data between T0 and T2 showed a significant decrease of energy from saturated fatty acids (%) (T0=13.0±2.1; T2=9.6±1.5; p=0.001), sodium (mg) (T1=2138±359; T2=1822±417; p=0.045), and a decreasing trend for cholesterol (mg) (T0=219±82; T2=171±59; p=0.082). Moreover, macronutrient balance improved, with an increase of energy from carbohydrates and fiber intake, even if not already significant.
Conclusions: fat mass of HTx patients significantly decreased after 12 months of intervention, perhaps as a consequence of the overall diet improvement, which showed a significant reduction of the major dietary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases
Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in a sample of heart-transplanted patients from the University Hospital of Udine.
No full textIntroduction: heart-transplanted patients are inclined to develop several metabolic conditions, mainly due to the side effects of immunosuppressive therapy, which may increase the risk of many chronic diseases or complications, impairing their long-term outcomes. In order to prevent the onset of any undesirable condition, healthy lifestyles, including physical activity and dietary habits, should be promoted.
Aim: to assess the adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) of 143 heart- transplanted patients from the University Hospital of Udine.
Materials and methods: the self-administered, validated, 15-item questionnaire (1) was administered to the patients during the scheduled follow-up visits, since October 2020. The MedDiet score was derived from each questionnaire, with values ranging from 0 (minimal adherence) to 9 (maximal adherence), and patients were ranked as weak adherent (≤ 5) or good adherent (6-9).
Results: the median age of the 143 patients (Italian=97.2%) was 64 years (57-69), and the 80% were males. The median MedDiet score was 4 (2-5), with only 35 subjects (25.2%) showing a good adherence. In particular, it was observed that among 50% of patients consumed fruit and vegetables at least 1-2 times/day; whole grains and olive oil were not habitually used by the majority (~60%); only 30% of them consumed fish, nuts, and legumes at least 2-3 times/week. Red meat consumption resulted in line with recommendations (≤1 time/week) for 94% of the subjects.
Conclusions: an overall weak adherence to the MedDiet was found in our sample, together with an inadequate consumption of foods characterizing the MedDiet. These findings suggest that much effort will be devoted to improving the dietary habits of heart-transplanted patients and to develop dietary guidelines with the aim of both reducing MetS risk factors and therapies’ side effects.
1. Gnagnarella P., Dragà D., Misotti A.M., Sieri S., Spaggiari L., Cassano E., Baldini F., Soldati L., Maisonneuve P. Validation of a short questionnaire to record adherence to the Mediterranean diet: An Italian experience. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2018; 28:1140–1147
Consuming Idol Group A Case Study of Jkt48 Fans in Surabaya
No full textIndonesian music industry has an influence from any other music culture in the world, for examples punk, reggae, jazz, RnB, rock, country, K-Pop, and J-Pop. One of the new concept which is influenced by other music culture is “Idol Group” adopted from Japan pop culture. JKT48 is the artist who adopted this concept and create multiple genres of music in Indonesia between boyband and girlband which more popular in 2011. Because of the existence of JKT48, there was emerged the fandom of JKT48. This fandom is quite interesting because their fanaticism to support their idol based on their attending in every event such as concert, direct selling, handshake event, and theater. In this research, the author choose the study case of JKT48 fandom form Surabaya called because Surabaya is the one of city which has a big population of JKT48 fans. The qualitative method using purposive sampling and In-depth Interview to explore their perspectives on a particular idea, program, or situation (Boyce and Neale 3) with the leader and some official members of WANI48 are used as the primary data.
The articles argue that a fans culture and how the fans consume an idol group, which is a new form for music industrial in Indonesia, creates a new phenomenon on music consumers, especially in Indonesia itself
Absolute grounds for refusal of registration of trademarks.
No full textPieaugot preču zīmju nozīmei, aktualizējas arī dažnedažādi problēmjautājumi, kas saistīti ar to reģistrāciju, tāpēc ir ļoti būtiski rast risinājumus un izprast, kad un kā reģistrējama preču zīme un kādi ir ierobežojumi. Autors darbā analizē absolūtos reģistrācijas atteikuma pamatus, kas atbild par preču zīmes funkciju un aizsargā sabiedrības intereses. Lai arī sākotnēji varētu domāt, ka tie ir skaidri noformulēti, tomēr, piemērojot tos praksē, rodas neskaidrības un atšķirīga interpretācija starp Patentu valdi un Eiropas Savienības intelektuālā īpašuma biroju. Tādējādi autors darbā centīsies aktualizēt būtiskākās nianses, sniedzot arī savus secinājumus un ieteikumus, lai uzlabotu absolūto pamatu piemērošanu.As the importance of trade marks grows, so do the challenges related to trade mark registration and because of that there is a great deal of importance for finding solutions and understanding when and how the trade mark is to be registered and what the restrictions are. The authors analyze the absolute grounds for refusal of registration, which are responsible for the function of trademarks and protection of the public interest. Although they may look to be easy understandable, but their application in practice creates confusion and different interpretations between the Patent Office and the European Union Intellectual Property Office. Thereby author will try to update the most essential details, also providing his conclusions and recommendations to improve the application of absolute grounds
Málþroski og hljóðkerfisvitund leikskólabarna : söguskjóður sem kennsluaðferð
No full textÞessi lokaritgerð er hluti til B.Ed.-prófs í leikskólakennarafræðum við Háskólann á Akureyri. Ritgerðin fjallar um söguskjóður sem kennsluaðferð og hvernig hægt er að nota þær til að efla málþroska og hljóðkerfisvitund barna. Ritgerðin skiptist í fræðilegan hluta og ítarlegar kennsluáætlanir um tvær söguskjóður sem höfundur útbjó og umræður í lokin. Fyrri kafli fræðilega hlutans fjallar um málþroska barna, máltöku þeirra og hljóðkerfisvitund. Farið er inn á hversu mikilvæg hljóðkerfisvitund er fyrir lestrarnám barna. Í seinni kafla fræðilega hlutans er upplestur fyrir börn tekin fyrir og lögð áhersla á mikilvægi hans fyrir málþroska barna. Þar er einnig fjallað um söguskjóður og hvernig hægt er að nýta þær í kennslu á leikskóla. Eftir fræðikaflann taka við kennsluáætlanir fyrir tvær söguskjóður. Höfundur valdi sögurnar Greppikló og Gráðuga lirfan til að vinna með í skjóðunum. Meðfylgjandi verkefninu eru söguskjóðurnar sjálfar.The following thesis is submitted for a B.Ed.-degree in Early Childhood Education from the University of Akureyri. This thesis is about story sacks as a teaching method and how they are used to support language and phonological development in early childhood settings. The thesis is divided into two theoretical chapters, detailed syllabus for two story sacks and discussion in final chapter. The first chapter includes discussion about language development, language acquisitions and phonological development. The importance of phonological development for future reading ability is also discussed in the chapter. The next chapter deals the importance of reading for children is addressed and how important for their language development. In this chapter is also discussion about story sacks and how they can be used as a teaching tool in preschools. This chapter is followed by syllabus for two story sacks. The author chose the books, the Gruffalo and the Very hungry caterpillar
The Role of Soft Power in Vatican's Interfaith Relations with Orthodoxy, Judaism and Islam (2013-2020)
No full textStarptautiskās attiecības un diplomātijaSocioloģija, politoloģija un antropoloģijaInternational Relations and DiplomacySociology, Politics and AnthropologyMaģistra darba tēma ir „Maigā vara Vatikāna starpkonfesionālajās attiecības ar pareizticības, jūdaisma un islāma centriem pāvesta Franciska laikā (2013–2020)”.
Reliģijas un varas mijiedarbība redzama jau no pasaules pirmsākumiem. Vatikāna un Romas katoļu baznīcas maigā vara ir daļa no starptautiskās politikas. Starpkonfesionālais dialogs skar starptautiskās politikas procesus. Vatikāna maigajai varai starpkonfesionālajās attiecībās starptautisko attiecību pētniecībā reti tiek veltīta uzmanība. Pāvesta personības maigā vara, Vatikāna vērtību un kultūras maigā vara ir ar cēlu mērķi – miera politika un ekumenisms.
Pāvesta Franciska personības maigā vara palīdzējusi pilnveidot un attīstīt starpkonfesionālās attiecības ar pareizticības, jūdaisma ticības un islāma ticības centriem. Pareizticības, jūdaisma ticības un islāma ticības centros Franciska maigā vara rezultējusies vairākos svarīgos dokumentos, simboliskos notikumos. Vatikāna maigā vara ir gan reliģiska, gan politiska. Tā turpina Romas katoļu baznīcas maigās varas tradīciju. Pāvesta un Vatikāna maigās varas efektivitāte starpkonfesionālajās attiecībās ar pareizticības, jūdaisma un islāma centriem atklājas intervijās ar profesoru Valdi Tēraudkalnu, bijušo Latvijas Republikas vēstnieku Vatikānā Einaru Semani.
(Atslēgvārdi: pāvests Francisks, Romas katoļu baznīca, starpkonfesionālās attiecības, pareizticība, jūdaisms, islāms, maigā vara)The title of the master’s thesis is „The Role of Soft Power in Vatican’s Interfaith Relations with Orthodoxy, Judaism and Islam (2013–2020)”.
The interplay of religion and power is part of international relations, philosophy, theology. Vatican and Roman Catholic Church are political and religious actors in the international society. Interreligious dialogue is part of international politics. Soft Power is an ideal concept for thesis about Vatican and interfaith dialogue, Pope Francis’s soft power, ecumenism and politics of peace.
The interviews with The Ambassador of Latvia to the Holy See Einars Semanis and author, professor Valdis Tēraudkalns both stell a story about the role of soft power in Vatican’s interfaith dialogue with Orthodoxy, Judaism and Islam. Pope’s soft power is a continuation of Roman Catholic Church tradition.
(Keywords: Pope Francis, Interfaith Relations, Roman Catholic Church, Orthodoxy, Judaism, Islam, Soft Power
