102 research outputs found
Evaluation of sodium hydroxide–N-acetyl-l-cysteine and 0.7% chlorhexidine decontamination methods for recovering Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum samples: A comparative analysis (The Gambia Experience)
No full textAbstractObjective/BackgroundTo determine the culture yield and time to detection of mycobacterial growth between samples decontaminated using 0.7% chlorhexidine and sodium hydroxide–N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NaOH–NALC) and cultured on the Löwenstein–Jensen (LJ) medium. We also aimed to determine the contamination rate between the 0.7% chlorhexidine and NaOH–NALC decontamination methods.MethodsThe study was carried out on 68 sputa samples (42 smear positives and 26 smear negatives). Of these 68 samples, 46 were collected from men and 26 from women with an approximate average age of 27years. All the sputum samples were decontaminated using the standard NaOH–NALC and 0.7% chlorhexidine methods. The concentrates were cultured in parallel on LJ media in which reading of the slope for mycobacterial growth was obtained daily for the first 2weeks and then weekly until week 8. The mycobacterial recovery rate, time to detection, and contamination rate were then compared.ResultsThe overall recovery rate of mycobacterial growth on samples treated with both decontamination methods inoculated on LJ media is 51.5% (35/68). Specifically, mycobacterial growth rates on samples treated with 0.7% chlorhexidine and standard NaOH–NALC on LJ media were 61.8% (42/68) and 54.4% (37/68), respectively. However, the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was faster on samples treated with 0.7% chlorhexidine than those treated with NaOH–NALC (average, 32±5days vs. 33±5.2days, respectively). The contamination rate on samples treated with 0.7% chlorhexidine was 1.5% (1/68), whereas on those treated with NaOH–NALC, the rate was 4.4% (3/68).ConclusionThe 0.7% chlorhexidine decontamination method is rapid and has less contamination rate in terms of mycobacterial recovery compared with the standard NaOH–NALC method. Therefore, the 0.7% chlorhexidine decontamination method would be an ideal alternative option for decontamination of sputum samples and recovery/isolation of M. tuberculosis in resource-poor countries
Pour une pratique sociale écocentrée
No full textAn article, in French language, adapted and expanded from a talk given as part of the study day « FAIRE AVEC » Pratiques artistiques socialement engagées : outils, lieux, transmissions, held on 18 April 2024 at École Supérieure d'Art et Design Le Havre-Rouen, a public art and design school in Normandy, France.
The text revolves around what the author names an ecocentric social practice, and explores the relationship of educational, artistic and curatorial research with time, skills and knowledge, agentivity, cooperation, care, and stewardship
In the Excelsiora, a Hope Student News Paper, There is a Report of the Death of the Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte That Occurred On This Day but Published in Volume VII, Nov. to June, 1877
No full textIn the Excelsiora, a Hope student news paper, there is a report of the death of the Rev. Albertus C. Van Raalte that occurred on this day but published in volume VII, Nov. to June, 1877. The author of the tribute to Van Raalte was R[ensa] H. Joldersma. The news paper/magazine was not published as such but was hand written. This tribute consists of seven pages.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1870s/1274/thumbnail.jp
A paixão segundo G.H.: author and reader in the difficult joy of otherness
No full textThis article proposes a reading of Clarice Lispector’s novel A paixão segundo G.H., published in 1964. This article is about a reading on otherness, established by the author-reader relationship and the combination of literature and philosophical thought. For this purpose, we shall seek the contributions from Jean-Paul Sartre’s existentialist theory, through his work O ser e o nada: ensaio de ontologia fenomenológica (2015b), and the ideas about the question of the author and the reader as participating literary elements of the process of writing the literary text, which were developed by Antoine Compagnon in his book O demônio da teoria(2010). This work is the result of a Master’s research in Comparative LiteratureEste artigo propõe uma leitura do romance A paixão segundo G.H., de Clarice Lispector, publicado em 1964. Trata-se, aqui, de uma leitura sobre alteridade, estabelecida pela relação autor-leitor e pela junção da literatura com o pensamento filosófico. Para tanto, buscaremos aporte na teoria existencialista de Jean-Paul Sartre, com sua obra O ser e o nada – ensa io de ontologia fenomenológica (2015b), e nas ideias sobre a questão do autor e do leitor, como elementos literários participantes do processo de escritura do texto literário, desenvolvidas por Antoine Compagnon em O demônio da teoria (2010). Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no Mestrado em Literatura Comparada.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Clarice Lispector. A paixão segundo G.H. Alteridade. Autor. Leitor. ABSTRACT: This article proposes a reading of Clarice Lispector’s novel A paixão segundo G.H., published in 1964. This article is about a reading on otherness, established by the author-reader relationship and the combination of literature and philosophical thought. For this purpose, we shall seek the contributions from Jean-Paul Sartre’s existentialist theory, through his work O ser e o nada: ensaio de ontologia fenomenológica (2015b), and the ideas about the question of the author and the reader as participating literary elements of the process of writing the literary text, which were developed by Antoine Compagnon in his book O demônio da teoria(2010). This work is the result of a Master’s research in Comparative Literature.KEYWORDS: Clarice Lispector. A paixão segundo G.H. Otherness. Author. Reader.1 Este trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa de mestrado que teve financiamento da CAPES - Coordenação de aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.* Mestre em Estudos da Linguagem pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte.** Professor Adjunto do Departamento de Línguas e Literaturas Estrangeiras Modernas e docente permanente do Programa de Pós-graduação em Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
UGO FOSCOLO: INTELECTUAL, POETA, ENSAÍSTA
No full textThe Italian author Ugo Foscolo (1778-1827) developed his literary activity in avery peculiar moment of Italian history: the instauration of Napoleon’s government in thepeninsula. Foscolo has not remained apathetic to the political matters which affected his time,and this article aims to analyze how the author’s ideas on the function of poetry are related to hisactivities as an intellectual, essayist and critic of society.O autor italiano Ugo Foscolo (1778-1827) desenvolveu a sua atividade literária nummomento muito peculiar da história italiana: a instauração do governo napoleônico na península.Foscolo não se manteve apático às questões políticas que afligiam o seu tempo, e o presenteartigo objetiva analisar como as idéias do autor sobre a função da poesia se relacionaram com asua atividade de intelectual, ensaísta e crítico da sociedade
L’Usage dans la pensée architecturale
No full textThis article is the English version of a paper delivered thirty years ago, in 1993, for the Laboratoire Architecture, Usage, Altérité (LAUA) and published in Les Cahiers du LAUA, 1993, 1, p. 11-19, Nantes, ENSA-Nantes, [online] [https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01563700], under the title: “L’Usage dans la pensée architecturale”.International audienceThis article is the English version of a paper presented 30 years ago, in 1993, for the Laboratoire Architecture, Usage, Altérité (LAUA). The author explores the place historically held by concepts specific to architecture in relation to its societal aims. Highlighting the fact that these concepts have become the poor cousin of architectural theory, Daniel Pinson shows the significance that ‘use’—a modern term covering societal goals that are richer and better understood today thanks to the social sciences—has every right to reclaim in a modern democratic society
Evaluation of the Kudoh method for mycobacterial culture: Gambia experience
No full textAbstractObjective/backgroundTo evaluate the Kudoh swab method for improving laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in Gambia.MethodsA total of 75 sputa (50 smear positive and 25 smear negative) were examined. Sputum samples were collected from leftover routine samples from the Medical Research Council Unit, Gambia TB Diagnostic Laboratory. The samples were processed using the standard N-acetyl-l-cysteine-NaOH (NALC-NaOH) methods currently used and Kudoh swab method. These were cultured on standard Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) and Modified Ogawa media, respectively, and incubated aerobically at 36±1°C for mycobacterial growth. To determine if the decontamination and culture methods compared could equally detect the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) highly commonly isolated in Gambia, spoligotyping was done.ResultsIn total, 72% (54/75) of MTBC were recovered by both LJ and Modified Ogawa methods. The LJ method recovered 52% (39/75) and Modified Ogawa recovered 56% (42/75) of the MTBC, respectively. Spoligotyping showed Euro-American 35% (19/54), Indo-Oceanic 35% (19/54), Mycobacterium africanum (West African type 2) 26% (14/54), Beijing 2% (1/54), and M. africanum (West African type 1) 2% (1/54).ConclusionThe Kudoh method is simpler and cheaper than the NALC-NaOH method. There was no significant difference in recovery between the methods. The Kudoh method is ideal in overburdened TB laboratories with poor resources in developing countries. The predominant lineages were Euro-American and Indo-Oceanic, followed by M. africanum (West African type 2)
Building Integrated Photovoltaic System for a Solar Infrastructure: Liv-lib’ Project
No full textAbstractThe growing importance of sustainability and passive house design requires the reconsideration of integrating the solar PV modules in both buildings and architectural design processes. The architectural integration of photovoltaic systems is one of the fundamental themes of contemporary architecture to optimize efficiency while taking into account the proportions, morphology and aesthetics of the project. The direct conversion of solar energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic systems appears to be a consolidated technology of exploitation of renewable energy sources. In addition to the availability of the source, its characteristics are its reliability and that it needs low maintenance. In this paper, we present, as a case study, a solar canopy specially designed for the Liv-lib’ project at Solar Decathlon Europe 2014. Canopy's shape was designed to maximize the performance of the solar conversion by integrating in series two innovative solar technologies, Luminescent Solar Concentrators (LSC) and Copper Indium Gallium diSelenide (CIGS) solar cells. LSC are constituted by slabs of transparent materials (PMMA) doped with a fluorescent dye that captures a fraction of the sun rays passing through the panel. The dye molecules then re-emit light at a longer wavelength inside the slab which, due to the total internal reflection, traps and guides this light toward its edges. Strips of solar cells are optically coupled to the edges and convert into electric energy the light gathered by the slab. Liv-lib’ is a self-sustainable passive house run by University Paris-Est, thanks to the joint work of staff and students from “ENSA Paris-Malaquais”, “ESTP”, “ESIEE Paris”, and “Chimie ParisTech” with academic and industrial partners, among which, for the LSC, the Department of Physics and Earth Sciences of the University of Ferrara
The potential burden experienced by South African caregivers of children with severe intellectual disability
No full textDATA AVAILABILITY : The data that support the findings of this study are available
from the corresponding author, E.J., upon reasonable request.BACKGROUND : Physical, financial, social and emotional demands placed on caregivers caring
for their children with severe intellectual disabilities (CWSID) could lead to high levels of
burden.
AIM : This study aimed to evaluate the potential level of burden experienced by South African
caregivers and aimed to identify possible contributing risk factors for increased levels of
caregiver burden.
SETTING : Online and community parent support groups.
METHODS : This quantitative survey design study utilised data from 218 South African caregivers
of CWSID. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for analysis. Family is the main
support for 67% of participants.
RESULTS : Moderate to severe levels of caregiver burden were reported. No definite links between
potentially contributing demographic risk factors and the overall level of caregiver burden
were found. Caregivers of CWSID need to receive the required support from an early stage in
the child’s diagnosis to decrease potential caregiver burden and improve quality of life (QoL).
CONCLUSION : Implications on intervention and prevention practices could inform the creation
and implementation of a protocol to avert increased caregiver burden. Future research could
be conducted to determine the implications of intervention towards CWSID and their family
to decrease caregiver burden.
CONTRIBUTION : The study provided insight into the burden experienced by caregivers of CWSID. This is in line with the journal as it further proves how vulnerable CWSID are and the
support they should be receiving from professionals.http://www.sajce.co.zaam2024Science, Mathematics and Technology EducationSpeech-Language Pathology and AudiologySDG-03:Good heatlh and well-bein
Diffusion des modes de vie et brouillage des types architecturaux : une interrogation actuelle de la typologie
No full textInternational audienceIn this chapter, the author proposes to question the typology as a knowledge tool for architecture, particularly that of the habitat, to see the conditions of his transfer to the design and production, and finally to measure place of socio-spatial criterion in the typological development in architecture habitat.Dans ce chapitre, l'auteur se propose d'interroger la typologie comme outil de connaissance pour l'architecture, en particulier celle de l'habitat, de voir les conditions de son transfert à la conception et la production, et enfin de mesurer la place du critère socio-spatial dans l'élaboration typologique en matière d'architecture de l'habitat
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