1,720,959 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Essays on Banking
Get PDFCette thèse porte sur l'économie de la banque et se compose de trois chapitres.Le premier chapitre explore les effets des changements de politique monétaire sur les structures du passif des banques américaines et sur ses coûts de financement. Les banques obtiennent la plus grande partie de leurs financements à partir d'une combinaison de dépôts à vue - qui sont à taux zéro - et dépôts portant intérêt. En utilisant des variations démographiques locales comme instruments pour les structures du passif des banques, je mesure l'impact des changements de politique monétaire sur le taux des dépôts portant intérêt de chaque banque en fonction de sa structure du passif initiale. Je trouve que, lorsque la politique monétaire se resserre, chaque banque fait face à une sortie de dépôts à vue. Elle répond par l'émission de dépôts portant intérêt, mais paie un taux d'intérêt qui augmente avec la quantité de dépôts à vue étant substitués. Cette constatation confirme l'existence du “bank lending channel” de la transmission de la politique monétaire. Je fournis également des preuves que les grandes banques peuvent remplacer les sources de financement à un coût plus faible que les petites banques, et que les dépôts à vue sont moins sensibles à l'évolution de la politique monétaire lorsque le marché bancaire local est plus concentrée. Les deuxième et troisième chapitres se concentrent sur les banques mutualistes, qui diffèrent principalement des banques sous le régime des sociétés par actions sur le terrain de la propriété. Dans le deuxième chapitre, Richard Meade et moi fournissons une évaluation de l'effet des événements de “démutualisation” sur le bien-être des déposants. Au cours des dernières décennies, nombreuses caisses d'épargne américaines ont opté pour la démutualisation, en convertissant leur propriété du régime des banques mutualistes au régime des sociétés par actions. Nous estimons d'abord un modèle logit à paramètres aléatoires des choix de dépôt bancaire, en utilisant des données sur les banques commerciales et caisses d'épargne de 1994 à 2005. Après avoir récupéré les préférences des déposants pour les caractéristiques des banques, nous mesurons l'effet d'une démutualisation de toutes caisses d'épargne sur le bien-être des déposants. Nous constatons que, en moyenne, le bien-être des déposants augmenterait. En particulier, si les caisses d'épargne démutualisées offrissent un taux de dépôt en ligne avec les caisses d'épargne appartenant à des investisseurs, chaque déposant gagnerait 1,14 pour chaque état et an. Nos résultats jettent un doute sur la capacité des caisses d'épargne américaines de bien servir les intérêts des leurs clients, et proposent une nouvelle explication pour les démutualisations observées aux États-Unis. Dans le troisième chapitre, Thierry Magnac, Karine Van der Straeten, et moi présentons d'abord des preuves que les banques mutualistes américaines sont moins risquées, prêtent à des taux plus faibles, et ont des liens plus étroits avec leurs communautés locales. Nous proposons un modèle de concurrence entre banques mutualistes et banques sous le régime des sociétés par actions, en adaptant le modèle de Martinez-Miera et Repullo (RFS, 2010). Nous supposons que la différence entre les deux types de banque est que les banques mutualistes, compte tenu de leur portée locale plus forte, imposent un plus grand “coût social” sur les preneurs qui échouent. Nous simulons le modèle et évaluons l'effet de la concurrence sur la probabilité de défaillance dans les deux types de banques. Nos résultats indiquent que, en conformité avec les données empiriques présentées, les banques mutualistes prêtent à des taux plus faibles et ont une plus faible probabilité de défaillance, à tout niveau de concurrence. En outre, de façon similaire à ce qui se passe aux banques sous le régime des sociétés par actions, leur probabilité de défaillance est en forme de U dans le niveau de concurrence.This thesis focuses on the economics of banking and is composed of three chapters. The first chapter explores the effects of monetary policy changes on U.S. banks' liability structures and funding costs. Banks obtain most of their funding from a combination of demand deposits -- i.e. zero-interest deposits -- and interest-bearing deposits. Using local demographic variations as instruments for banks’ liability structures, I measure the impact of monetary policy changes on each bank’s interest-bearing deposit rate as a function of the bank’s initial liability structure. I find that when monetary policy tightens each bank faces an outflow of demand deposits. It responds by issuing more interest-bearing deposits, but pays on them an interest rate that increases with the quantity of demand deposits being substituted. This finding supports the existence of the bank lending channel of monetary policy transmission. I also provide evidence that larger banks can substitute funding sources more cheaply than smaller banks, and that demand deposits are less sensitive to monetary policy changes when the local banking market is more concentrated. The second and third chapters focus on mutual banks, which primarily differ from stock banks on the ground of ownership. Mutual banks are owned by their customers, while stock banks by investors. In the second chapter, Richard Meade and I provide an assessment of the effect on depositor welfare of the events of “demutualization”. In recent decades, many U.S. savings banks have demutualized, by converting from customer ownership to investor ownership. We first estimate a random coefficients logit model of bank deposit account choice, using data on commercial and savings banks from 1994 to 2005. Having recovered depositors' preferences for bank attributes, we then measure the effect on depositor welfare of a simulated demutualization of all customer-owned savings banks. We find that, on average, depositors' welfare would increase. In particular, if demutualized savings banks offered a deposit rate in line with other investor-owned savings banks, each depositor would gain 22 million for each state and year. Our findings cast doubt on whether U.S. customer-owned savings banks are well serving their customers' interests, and offers a new explanation for observed U.S. savings bank demutualizations. In the third chapter, Thierry Magnac, Karine Van der Straeten, and I first present evidence that U.S. mutual banks are less risky, lend at lower rates, and have stronger ties to their local communities. We then propose a model of competition between mutual and stock banks building on Martinez-Miera and Repullo (RFS, 2010). We assume that the difference between the two bank types is that mutual banks, given their stronger local reach, impose a greater non-monetary “social cost” on the loan-takers who fail. We simulate the model and assess the effect of competition on the probability of bank failure in the two bank types. Our results indicate that, in accordance with the empirical evidence presented, mutual banks charge a lower loan rate and have a lower probability of failure, at any level of competition. Moreover, similarly to what happens to stock banks, their probability of failure is U-shaped in the level of competition
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