1,720,999 research outputs found
Withdrawal seizures: possible risk factors.
No full textIntroduction: Most of the patients usually achieve seizure freedom under treatment with antiseizure medications (ASMs). Drug withdrawal in seizure-free patients is still one of the most challenging issues in the management of epilepsy. The decision-making process of whether the treatment should be discontinued must be based on the evaluation of possible long-term side effects of chronic treatment and, on the other hand, the risk of seizure relapse.
Areas covered: This review aims to describe and discuss possible predictors and risk factors for seizure relapse during and after discontinuation, according to the available literature evidence. The most important risk factors for withdrawal failure are the etiology of the epilepsy syndrome and epilepsy-related factors, worsening or persistence of epileptiform abnormalities on EEG recordings at the time of discontinuation or during drug tapering, and brain MRI abnormalities. Each single risk factor should be considered together with possible other concurrent predictors.
Expert opinion: The decision to withdrawal antiseizure medication in seizure-free patients should be carefully planned and based on the evaluation of predictors. A discontinuation program should include tailored discussion with patients and family members and individualized decision, the taper schedule, and plans for monitoring during and after drug tapering
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Cross-sectional reference data for phalangeal quantitative ultrasound from early childhood to young-adulthood according to gender, age, skeletal growth, and pubertal development
No full textBone mineral status by phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS, DBM Sonic, IGEA, Carpi, Modena, Italy) was examined in 3044 (1513 males and 1531 females) healthy subjects, aged 2-21 years. The aim of the study was to provide a reference database for phalangeal QUS parameters, amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AD-SoS) and bone transmission time (BTT), both expressed as centiles and Z score, according to gender, age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and pubertal stage to be used for estimating bone mineral status in patients with disorders of growth or of bone and mineral metabolism.In both sexes, AD-SoS and BTT increased significantly (P < 0.0001) according to all the anthropometric variables. Females showed higher values than males in the age groups 9-14 for AD-SoS (P < 0.04-P < 0.0001) and in the age groups 11-13 for BTT (P < 0.02). Males had higher BTT values than females in the age groups 6-8 and 15-21 (P < 0.04-P < 0.0001). AD-SoS was higher (P < 0.02-P < 0.0001) in females than in males at pubertal stages 2, 3, and 4, but it was higher (P = 0.001) in males compared with females at pubertal stage 5. BTT was higher in males than females at pubertal stages 1 (P < 0.0001), 2 (P < 0.01), and 5 (P < 0.0001). In both sexes, AD-SoS and BTT were significantly correlated between them (r = 0.92, P < 0.0001) and with all the anthropometric variables (r = 0.53-r = 0.85, P < 0.0001). Age, weight, BMI, and pubertal stage were independent predictors of AD-SoS in males; age and pubertal stage were independent predictors of AD-SoS in females. In both sexes, height and pubertal stage, and also age only in females, were independent predictors of BTT.In conclusion, our data show that gender, age, height, and-timing of sexual maturation are main determinants of bone structure and geometry, and that both these two processes may be captured by phalangeal QUS. It may be a useful tool to assess bone mineral status from early childhood to young-adulthood with a very small confounding effect related to bone sizes and without exposing the subjects to a source of radiation. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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