259,781 research outputs found
Teacher knowledge in english language teacher education: weaving its meaning in the writings of three brazilian applied linguists
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente, Florianópolis, 2009This study, qualitative in nature and grounded theory in approach, aims at investigating the concept of teacher knowledge in the area of English language teacher education in the writings of three Brazilian applied linguists with a view to conceptualizing it. Data collection and analysis, based on grounded theory strategies, consist of theoretical and empirical studies on English language teacher education produced between the beginning of 1990 and 2000 by José Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho, Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes, and João Antonio Telles. The analysis of the ideas of these three Brazilian applied linguists on the education of the English language teacher unveiled that they suggest to adopt (1) the knowledge construction paradigm for professional education, (2) the applied-science reflective model or the craft-reflective model for teacher education, and (3) research of ethnographic nature to approach teachers# reflective practices. In addition, they view teacher knowledge (a) as a cognitive construction, (b) as a social-cognitive construction, and (c) as an experiential construction. As a cognitive construction, teacher knowledge focuses on the development of teachers# competences; as a social-cognitive construction, on teachers# awareness on how discourse works in the social construction of meanings; and as an experiential construction, on teachers# awareness on their personal practical knowledge. The present study suggests that the three applied linguists# views of paradigms of professional education, models of teacher education, approaches to reflective practices, and views of teacher knowledge are related to the way they view how the relation between the teacher and knowledge is constructed. Since that view varies, the present study suggests that teacher knowledge will tend to be a multi-nature concept. In addition, this study points out, on the one hand, a possible fragmented view of the concept of teacher knowledge and of the education of the English language teacher. On the other hand, it acknowledges that the paradigms, models, approaches and views of teacher knowledge suggested by the three applied linguists reflect the development of scientific investigation throughout the history of mankind. Finally, the present study suggests widening the theme studied here, including not only the ideas of other Brazilian applied linguists, but also their empirical studies to get a more precise view of the concept of teacher knowledge in the area of English language teacher education in Brazil.Este estudo, de natureza qualitativa e embasado na teoria fundamentada, visa investigar o conceito the conhecimento docente nos escritos de três linguistas aplicados brasileiros, com o objetivo de conceituá-lo. Os dados, estudos teóricos e empíricos sobre a formação de professor de inglês, produzidos entre o início de 1990 e de 2000 por José Carlos Paes de Almeida Filho, Luiz Paulo da Moita Lopes e João Antonio Telles, foram coletados e analisados com base nas estratégias da teoria fundamentada. A análise das idéias dos três linguistas aplicados brasileiros sobre a formação de professor de língua inglesa revelou que eles sugerem adotar (1) o paradigma de construção de conhecimento para a formação profissional, (2) o modelo reflexivo de ciência aplicada ou o modelo reflexivo experencial para a formação de professores, e (3) a pesquisa de base etnográfica para a abordagem de práticas reflexivas. Adicionalmente, eles vêem o conhecimento docente como (a) uma construção cognitiva, (b) como uma construção cognitiva-social, e (c) como uma construção experencial. Como uma construção cognitiva, o conhecimento docente está centrado no desenvolvimento de competências; como uma construção cognitiva-social, nas práticas discursivas; e como uma construção experencial, no conhecimento prático pessoal do professor. O presente estudo sugere que as concepções dos linguistas aplicados sobre paradigmas de formação profissional, modelos de formação de professores, abordagens de práticas reflexivas e concepções de conhecimento docente estão relacionadas a sua visão de como a relação entre o professor e o conhecimento docente é construída. Tendo em vista que os três linguistas aplicados têm visões diferentes de como esta relação é construída, este estudo sugere que o conhecimento docente tenderá a ser um conceito de naturezas múltiplas. Este estudo também alerta para uma possível visão fragmentada do conceito de conhecimento docente e da formação de professor de língua inglesa. Entretanto, ele também reconhece que os paradigmas, modelos, abordagens e concepções de conhecimento docente refletem o desenvolvimento de investigações científicas ao longo da história da humanidade. Por fim, o presente estudo sugere ampliar o tema aqui investigado, incluindo não somente as idéias de outros linguistas aplicados brasileiros, mas também seus estudos empíricos a fim de que uma visão mais precisa do conhecimento docente na área de formação de professor de língua inglesa possa ser delineada no Brasil
Rhagovelia narinensis Padilla-Gil 2011
No full text<i>Rhagovelia nariñensis</i> Padilla-Gil, 2011 <p> The name of this species as originally published uses “n” with a tilde diacritical mark, but according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, this is not correct. The name of the species needs to be changed by <i>Rhagovelia narinensis</i>. <i>Rhagovelia nariñensis</i> Padilla-Gil, 2011, in Padilla-Gil (2011) = <i>Rhagovelia narinensis</i>.</p>Published as part of <i>Padilla-Gil, Dora N., 2012, Two new species of Rhagovelia from Colombia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) with revised keys to the Colombian species in the torquata and robusta groups, pp. 57-63 in Zootaxa 3251</i> on page 63, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/213414">10.5281/zenodo.213414</a>
Gil Vicente e a teatralização das linguagens
No full textThe author attempts to show that the polyglottic nature and the linguistic «gibberish» of Gil Vicente's theatre does not intend to imitate the authenticity of its characters but to «carnivalise» the text, thereby making it a kind of manipean satire, which was in vogue at the time. The author intends to demonstrate that the theatre of Gil Vicente is not a «theatre of signifiers» (i.e. Gil Vicente's writing is not imitative in the aristotelic sense, but figurative)
Strain 20B grown in XTC-2 cells, Gimenez staining, x1500.
No full text<p>Strain 20B grown in XTC-2 cells, Gimenez staining, x1500.</p
The concept of the teacher as a reflective professional and its use in english language teacher education in Brasil
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura Correspondente, Florianópolis, 2009Formar professores como profissionais reflexivos tem sido um dos principais objetivos de programas de formação de professores no Brasil. Este estudo investiga o conceito de professor reflexivo e seu uso na formação de professores de inglês no Brasil. Os dados consistem de sessenta e cinco estudos empíricos publicados entre 1997 e 2007. A análise mostra que (1) o uso do conceito de reflexão tem sido baseado em autores que defendem a formação de professores reflexivos e "crítico" reflexivos; (2) alunos-professores, professores e formadores de professores de programas de formação (contínua) de professores de inglês e de escolas participaram dos estudos e cinco objetos de reflexão foram usados: aulas e experiências de aprendizagem dos professores participantes, teoria, aulas de outros professores, e prática pedagógica em episódios imaginários; (3) os papéis dos pesquisadores foram de pesquisadores de sua própria prática e da prática de outrem; (4) dois modos de reflexão foram usados: individual e mediada por outrem; (5) nove temas permearam a reflexão dos participantes: própria prática pedagógica, os alunos, ensino, aprendizagem, a profissão, Educação, reflexão, linguagem e crenças; (6) nos nove temas os níveis "técnico" e "prático" de reflexão predominam sobre o nível "crítico"; (7) "reflexão crítica" como princípio e prática da Educação parece não ser ainda uma prática dos professores de inglês; (8) os estudos referem-se a cinco aspectos do conceito de reflexão: instrumentos reflexivos, modo, conteúdo e tipo de reflexão e grau de utilidade da reflexão para os participantes; e (9) a maioria dos pesquisadores focou mais nos instrumentos reflexivos, modo e conteúdo de reflexão e grau de utilidade da reflexão para os participantes do que no tipo de reflexão dos participantes. Os achados deste estudo sugerem que o conceito de professor reflexivo precisa ser mais bem abordado na teoria e na prática na área de formação de professores de inglês no Brasil.Educating teachers as reflective professionals has been one of the main aims of teacher education programs in Brasil. The present study investigates the concept of the teacher as a reflective professional and its use in Brazilian English Language Teacher Education programs. The data consist of sixty-five empirical studies published between 1997 and 2007. The analysis shows that (1) the use of the concept of reflection has been based on authors concerned with the education of "reflective teachers" and "critical reflective teachers"; (2) teacher-learners, teachers, and teacher-educators from (continuing) teacher education programs and schools were the participants in the studies, and five types of objects were used to trigger reflection: own pedagogical practice, own learning experiences, theory, other teachers' practice, and 'imaginary episodes" of pedagogical practice; (3) the role of the researchers in the studies was of two types: as both the researcher and the researched, and as the researcher; (4) two main modes of reflection were used: individual and mediated; (5) nine themes permeated the participants' reflection: self-pedagogical practice, the learners, teaching, learning, the profession, Education, reflection, language, and beliefs; (6) in all the nine themes reflection at the "technical" and "practical" levels predominates over reflection at the "critical" level; (7) "critical" reflection as both a principle and a practice of Education seems not to be a practice of English teachers yet; (8) the findings of the studies refer to five aspects of the concept of reflection: reflective tools, mode, content, and type of reflection, and degree of helpfulness of the process of reflection for the participants, and (9) most researchers were more concerned with the mode of reflection, reflective tools, content of reflection and the process of reflection than with the type of reflection. The overall findings suggest that the concept of the teacher as a reflective professional needs to be approached with greater responsibility in English Language Teacher Education in Brasil
Oraciones a María santísima sacadas de los santos padres ...
No full textCopia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 201
Prsnt-2101a-4g-GIL-lk.pdf
No full textSince 2017
I collaborated with the GIL program, and I have delivered a vocational workshop
to train the youth on STEM (science, technology, engineering and math) skills.
The participating students were Syrian refugees and underprivileged Lebanese
from all regions of Lebanon. To maintain the success of the program, I and my
colleagues had to actively engage with the students and their close community.</p
Efficient Yeast Inactivation and Protein Extraction from Wine Lees Using Pulsed Electric Fields and Ultrasound: A Comparative Energy-Based Approach
No full textThe valorization of wine lees, a major by-product of winemaking, is gaining attention as part of broader initiatives to promote circular economy and sustainable resource use in the agri-food sector. This study assessed ultrasound (US), pulsed electric fields (PEF), and their combination (PEF + US) as non-thermal technologies for promoting yeast autolysis and recovering intracellular proteins from wine lees. All treatments effectively reduced yeast viability, with populations decreasing from ~7.0 to ~4.7 log CFU/mL within 5 min. PEF alone achieved this microbial inactivation with a low energy input of 25–100 kJ/kg. In contrast, US yielded the highest protein release (~5700 μg/mL after 20 min), although it required a substantial energy input (~19,800 kJ/kg). The combined PEF + US method provided comparable protein yields (~5400 μg/mL) while reducing energy consumption by more than 50%. These results demonstrate that PEF is the optimal method for low-energy microbial inactivation, whereas US and PEF + US are more effective for protein recovery. The synergy of the combined approach offers a balanced and scalable solution for sustainable bioprocessing, reinforcing the potential of hybrid technologies in the green extraction of wine industry by-products and their integration into circular bioeconomy strategies
Brontostoma doughertyae Gil-Santana, Lopes, Marques & Jurberg 2005
No full text<i>Brontostoma doughertyae</i> Gil-Santana, Lopes, Marques & Jurberg, 2005 <p>(Figs. 26–35)</p> <p> <i>Brontostoma doughertyae</i> Gil-Santana, Lopes, Marques & Jurberg (2005: 79) (key), (81–90) (description, figures 2–17); Gil-Santana & Baena (2009: 48–52) (description of the female; redescription of the male genitalia; comments on color variation and differences between male and females); Gil-Santana <i>et al</i>. (2013a: 62) (citation); Martins <i>et al</i>. (2016: 346, 358) (citations).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Brazil, in states of Bahia and Espírito Santo.</p> <p> <i>Brontostoma doughertyae</i> was described based on eight male specimens from the Brazilian states of Bahia and Espírito Santo (Gil-Santana <i>et al</i>. 2005). The holotype and two paratypes deposited in MNRJ were also destroyed in the fire commented above (Escobar 2018). A dorsal photograph of the holotype taken at the time of the description of the species is presented here (Fig. 26). Gil-Santana & Baena (2009) described the female of the species based on two specimens. While describing <i>B. doughertyae</i>, Gil-Santana <i>et al.</i> (2005) recorded the color variation in the femora, which were completely black in the specimens from Espírito Santo, while in the individuals collected in Bahia, the blackish fore femur had a subapical yellowish ring and the middle and hind femora were generally yellowish with variable dark spots. The type series presented the clavus and corium (except its apex) of hemelytron yellow-whitish with reddish markings at the basal and distal corial margins; the basal markings were absent in the specimens from Bahia. The connexivum was described as uniformly yellowish on its external margin (Gil-Santana <i>et al.</i> 2005), while a male from Espírito Santo examined by Gil-Santana & Baena (2009) showed brownish markings on the corium of hemelytra and darkened proximal segments of the connexivum, and the females had the connexivum partly yellowish on external margin or almost entirely darkened, while one female had a large reddish lateral fascia on coria of hemelytra. Another male examined here (Fig. 27) does not have markings on the corium, which is mostly pale whitish. However, a female specimen recently recorded alive presented large reddish lateral fasciae on the coria of hemelytra, and the external margin of connexivum was almost completely pale (Figs. 28–29). Gil-Santana & Baena (2009) stated that there were few differences between males and females of <i>B. doughertyae</i>, highlighting that the scape and basal half of the pedicel were glabrous in the female, the eyes of the males were more prominent, and the abdomen was somewhat larger in the females, as recorded as part of sexual dimorphism in Ectrichodiini (Dougherty 1995). The following diagnosis of the species and remarks on the characteristics of the male genitalia are mainly based on Gil-Santana <i>et al.</i> (2005) and Gil-Santana & Baena (2009), besides examination of genitalia of two additional males, with new figures presented here for a better comparison with <i>B. bahiensis</i>.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Brontostoma doughertyae</i> seems closer to <i>B. bahiensis</i>, sharing a similar structure and general blackish coloration and large portions of tibiae yellowish.The coloration of the corium of hemelytron and connexivum is prone to separate them. In <i>B. doughertyae</i>, the corium is almost completely pale yellowish to pale whitish with (or without) a pair of reddish markings on basal and distal portions, or only on the latter, or with a reddish lateral margin (recorded only in females so far), and connexivum almost always uniformly yellowish on its external margin (Figs. 26–29), sometimes partially or almost entirely darkened. In <i>B. bahiensis</i>, the blackish corium is mostly pale whitish on the basal portion, with three contiguous longitudinal stripes united distally by a large pale marking over and extending a little downwards on the portion of the base of membranal veins; the connexivum is pale with distal dark markings (Figs. 1, 5, 7). In the male genitalia, the shape of the struts is quite diverse between these species (Figs. 21, 34); a moderately enlarged and ovoid portion present above the struts in <i>B. doughertyae</i> (Figs. 32, 34) is absent in <i>B. bahiensis</i> (Figs. 18, 21), while median process of endosoma is subrectangular in <i>B. bahiensis</i> and subtriangular at apicolateral portions in <i>B. doughertyae</i> (Figs. 23, 35).</p> <p> <b>Morphological remarks on male terminalia.</b> Segment VIII almost concealed, except by its exposed posteroventral margin, which is somewhat elevated and narrowly larger at lateral portions, although sometimes not visible externally in some individuals; sclerotized on ventral portion, which becomes wider towards posterior margin; dorsal portion membranous and narrower; spiracles on dorsal margin of ventral portion. Pygophore in ventral and lateral views: exposed portion of pygophore subpentagonal and rounded, respectively, integument glabrous, smooth, and shiny; not pigmented in the ventral non-exposed portion; in dorsal view: between anterior and posterior genital openings, a short, moderately wide dorsal (transverse) bridge; membranous areas of posterior genital opening smooth; proctiger subrectangular, posterior margin straight, with an apical row of thin elongated setae; medial process of pygophore sclerotized, subtriangular, short, apical margin more (Fig. 30) or less rounded. Parameres almost imperceptible when genital capsule is <i>in situ</i> or mildly exposed in ventral view, their apices in contact in resting position; symmetrical, elongated; very curved at approximately middle third, with apex truncated; a subapical rounded and somewhat enlarged prominence with a short tooth on its apex; mostly glabrous, with somewhat numerous thin short to moderately setae around the subapical tooth, sometimes forming small tufts; a subapical group of setae on posteroapical margin and a row of somewhat curved, moderately long setae on apical third to fourth of anteroventral margin. Phallus (Figs. 31–32): articulatory apparatus with basal plate extension much shorter than basal plate, the latter with moderately long, narrow and curved basal plate arms (<b>bpa</b>) connected by a elongated narrow basal plate bridge (<b>bpb</b>); dorsal phallothecal sclerite (<b>dps</b>) symmetrical, enlarged to the apex, quite sinuous in center of anterior margin; mid-lateral portions with several grooves; apico-lateral portions mostly smooth, slightly wrinkled laterally, endosomal struts (<b>es</b>) formed by a pair of parallel arms, somewhat larger at basal portion, slightly converging toward apex of <b>dps</b>, united at base and fused at apex, above which a moderately enlarged and ovoid portion (<b>op</b>) (Figs. 32, 34); endosomal wall longitudinally striated on basal portion, ventrally (Fig. 33) and mostly densely rugous by very numerous minute small rounded or spiny protuberances; endosoma with a basal large process (<b>bp</b>), variable in shape, subrectangular to subrounded (Fig. 32) and a flat median process (<b>mp</b>), subtriangular at apicolateral portions and weakly sclerotized (Fig. 35).</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> <b>BRAZIL</b>, Espírito Santo, Linhares Municipality, RNV, app. 19°06’S 39°56’’W, II. 1997, leg. J. S. Santos, 2 males (MNRJ).</p> <p> <b>Comments.</b> More specimens will be in need to be examined to ascertain if the conspicuous lateral corial reddish fascia recorded only on females so far (Gil-Santana & Baena 2009; Figs. 28–29) is another sexual dimorphism or merely an inter-individual variation, as well as if the color variation in the femora of specimens from different states recorded by Gil-Santana <i>et al</i>. (2005) are due a geographic variation of <i>B. doughertyae</i>. Otherwise, taking into account that in a live female of <i>B. doughertyae</i> the connexivum was recorded as being completely pale (Figs. 28–29), it is hypothesized here that the presence of a connexivum partially or almost entirely darkened in some specimens (Gil-Santana & Baena 2009) is possibly due to chemical processes inside the abdomen after the fixation of the specimens, as suggested that may occur in specimens of <i>Brontostoma basalis</i> (Stål, 1859) by Gil-Santana (2020b). It is noteworthy that the dissection of the genitalia of different males of <i>B. doughertyae</i>, in successive works, showed an intraspecific variation of the shape of the apical margin of the medial process of pygophore, which showed to be more (Fig. 30) or less (Gil-Santana <i>et al</i>. 2005: fig. 6; Gil-Santana & Baena 2009: fig. 59) rounded.</p> <p> On the other hand, although <i>B. bahiensis</i> and <i>B. doughertyae</i> seem to be different species based on the available scarce material, particularly of the former species, in case more specimens are found in the future, distinctness or eventually the conspecificity of them shall be confirmed or revealed, respectively with other approaches, such as molecular studies.</p>Published as part of <i>Gil-Santana, Hélcio R., 2023, A new species of Brontostoma Kirkaldy, description of the male of Brontostoma bahiensis Gil-Santana, Costa & Marques and notes on Brontostoma doughertyae Gil-Santana et al. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Ectrichodiinae), pp. 62-86 in Zootaxa 5382 (1)</i> on pages 72-73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5382.1.9, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10279822">http://zenodo.org/record/10279822</a>
Efficacy and safety of once-daily aclidinium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
No full textBACKGROUND: The long-term efficacy and safety of aclidinium bromide, a novel, long-acting muscarinic antagonist, were investigated in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
METHODS: In two double-blind, 52-week studies, ACCLAIM/COPD I (n=843) and II (n=804), patients were randomised to inhaled aclidinium 200 μg or placebo once-daily. Patients were required to have a post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity ratio of ≤70% and FEV1<80% of the predicted value. The primary endpoint was trough FEV1 at 12 and 28 weeks. Secondary endpoints were health status measured by St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and time to first moderate or severe COPD exacerbation.
RESULTS: At 12 and 28 weeks, aclidinium improved trough FEV1 versus placebo in ACCLAIM/COPD I (by 61 and 67 mL; both p<0.001) and ACCLAIM/COPD II (by 63 and 59 mL; both p<0.001). More patients had a SGRQ improvement≥4 units at 52 weeks with aclidinium versus placebo in ACCLAIM/COPD I (48.1% versus 39.5%; p=0.025) and ACCLAIM/COPD II (39.0% versus 32.8%; p=0.074). The time to first exacerbation was significantly delayed by aclidinium in ACCLAIM/COPD II (hazard ratio [HR] 0.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55 to 0.92; p=0.01), but not ACCLAIM/COPD I (HR 1.0; 95% CI 0.72 to 1.33; p=0.9). Adverse events were minor in both studies.
CONCLUSION: Aclidinium is effective and well tolerated in patients with moderate to severe COPD
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