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Theological and doctrinal texts in the Old Frisian Thet Autentica Riocht
No full textThe Frisian literary corpus is composed mostly by legal texts. However, interspersed in the law manuscripts, various texts of different nature are occasionally attested, several of which are of religious content. Among them, worthy of consideration are a number of short pieces devoted to theological and biblical topics, such as those contained in the so-called Thet autentica Riocht (fifteenth century): the Seven Virtues of the Mass, the Seven Things that God hates, the Ten Signs in the Host, the Three Unforgivable Sins, as well as a piece devoted to the benefits of confession. These texts share features with the Five Keys to Wisdom, a brief didactic treatise preserved in the First and Second Hunsingo Manuscripts and stemming from the Collectanea by Sedulius Scotus, an Irish scholar.
The proposed essay aims to analyze these items, through the study of their themes and structures, as well as of their possible sources and analogues. The research should also shed light on the connections between these documents and the legal compilations in which they are found.
These texts, which are arranged according to a numerological pattern, find parallels in other literary traditions of the Middle Ages (both in Latin and the vernacular); for instance, the Collectanea Pseudo-Bedae – a compilation of unknown origin made from Irish, English and Continental materials not later than c. 820 – includes also a version of the Keys to Wisdom and of the Seven Things that God hates. In this perspective, the study of these Old Frisian texts contributes to a better understanding of the peculiar position of Frisian culture in medieval Europe. Although part of the Frankish Empire, Frisians maintain their identity and traditions; nonetheless, Frisian literature – far away from being isolated – is involved in the net of literary topics and themes in circulation in medieval Europe, as these texts seem to suggest
I sette doni dello Spirito Santo nella poesia religiosa tedesca del XII secolo
No full textThe essay deals with the theme of the Seven Gifts of the Holy Spirit in a group of early Middle High German works dating from the XII century: a Commentary on the Our Father, the Siebenzahl (or De vii Sigillis), Priester Arnolt’s Loblied auf den heiligen Geist and a passage of Frau Ava’s Leben Jesu devoted to the Gifts of the Holy Spirit. The analysis focuses on the connections between these texts and the devotional literature of medieval Germany, with particular regards to the numerological philosophy, and above all to the symbolism of number “seven”. Attention will be paid to the didactic and catechetic role of the the Seven Gifts of the Holy Spirits within these works, highlighting a number of literary motifs and allegorical elements which provide their ideological foundation
Riflessioni sulle prime traduzioni del "Pater Noster" in antico alto tedesco
No full textLo studio analizza le prime traduzioni del Pater Noster nei dialetti alto-tedeschi allo scopo di meglio definire le ragioni di talune scelte traduttive, generalmente intese dalla critica come esito della scarsa conoscenza della lingua di partenza e della incapacità di trovare soluzioni adeguate nella lingua di arrivo
Glimpses of the Hereafter in the Late-Medieval Thet Freske Riim
No full textThe article analyzes a passage of the narrative poem Thet Freske Riim, one of the few non-legal texts preserved in Old Frisian. The passage in question is a digression describing the Joys of Heaven and the Horrors of Hell, which so far has attracted little attention in the scholarly literature on medieval accounts of the hereafter. The representations of the afterlife and its realms circulating in Medieval Europe draw inspiration from a wide body of both orthodox and apocryphal literature on ecstatic dreams, of which one of the most influential work is the Visio Sancti Pauli or Apocalypse of Paul.
The study aims to identify – in the examined passage – themes and features of otherworldly literature, and discover possible sources and analogues, establishing a connection between Thet Freske Riim and the wider apocalyptic tradition of medieval Europe. The analysis of the passage demonstrates that the anonymous Frisian author stands in a long and widely attested patristic tradition to which, however, he also appears to have added new and original elements. The portrayal of heaven as a land covered with thick forests and luxuriant vegetation agrees with the conventional image of the hereafter already found in various eschatological writings of the Jewish tradition (both canonical and apocryphal). And the images of the souls’ hanging punishment as well as of the infernal dragon are among the most popular motifs in medieval representations of hell. Nonetheless, besides parallels with the visionary texts, the description of the afterlife landscape in Thet Freske Riim also shows some interesting innovations, such as the presence in hell of a solitary tree with the hanging souls and the mention of the four demons sitting silently near the tree and striking the sinners.
The anonymous author of Thet Freske Riim has tried to compose inside the main poem a little visionary-apocalyptic poem, with an evidently hortatory purpose. This passage of the Freske Riim deserves a place in the heterogeneous panorama of the eschatological literature, where it provides its peculiar contribution to the development and dissemination of visionary narrative
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
I segni del Giudizio della famiglia “Ava” e gli aspetti innovativi del poemetto del ms. München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 717
No full textIl saggio analizza in dettaglio il poemetto sui “Quindici segni premonitori del Giudizio Universale” tràdito nel ms. München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Cgm 717, evidenziandone le analogie e differenze rispetto al testo di Frau Ava e soffermandosi sui tratti innovativi e originali che lo caratterizzano, in particolare sull’interesse per l’aspetto naturalistico-scientifico e sulla ricerca di una spiegazione razionale per il verificarsi di alcuni segni. Inoltre si sottolinea la presenza di temi e motivi apocalittici (quali lo scorrere contro corrente delle acque) e l’interpolazione di alcuni brani tratti da una versione del Fisiologo, che contribuiscono a distinguere il poemetto nell’ambito della tradizione escatologica nel mondo germanico medievale
The Fifteen Signs before Doomsday in Cotton Vespasian D. xiv: Role and Contextualisation
No full textIl saggio offre uno studio dettagliato, corredato di traduzione in inglese moderno, di un’omelia antico inglese sui Segni del Giudizio tramandata nel ms. London, British Library, Cotton Vespasian, D. XIV. Questa versione della leggenda dei Quindici segni antecedenti la fine del mondo è stata copiata nel codice probabilmente per assolvere a una funzione catechetico-didattica e mostra svariate analogie con trattati di natura numerologica e con testi pronostici conservati nello stesso manoscritto. Il contributo ha evidenziato come il testo dei Quindici segni e altre opere di natura profetica (come la Revelatio Esdra) condividano una serie di tratti peculiari, quali l’impiego di topoi numerologici e la collocazione dei fenomeni predetti in giorni o in periodi specifici
I segni del Giudizio Finale nella tradizione letteraria basso tedesca
No full textTHE SIGNS OF DOOMSDAY IN THE MIDDLE LOW GERMAN LITERARY TRADITION. During the Middle Ages the interest in eschatological themes pervades every expression of culture and spirituality in Germany. Theological speculation concentrated on issues linked to various events, such as the coming of the Antichrist, the Second Coming of Christ, the resurrection of the dead and the Last Judgment. This particular cultural framework represents the background of the circulation and success of the legend of the fifteen signs before Doomsday, concerning wonders and fatal events occurring in the two weeks before the end of the world. This legend enjoyed large circulation throughout the Middle Ages, and found expression in various genres and textual forms. The present paper will focus on a version of the fifteen Doomsday signs in Middle Low German surviving in two manuscripts of the Stadtbibliothek of Trier. In both manuscripts the work on the fifteen signs is preserved along with other eschatological works, including a poem on the Antichrist and a poem on the Heavenly Jerusalem. This paper presents the first edition of this short composition, and considers the relationship between its eschatological motifs and other works of the same tradition (i.e. the Middle High German versions belonging to the Pseudo-Bede and Peter Damian tradition), in order to ascertain its peculiar contribution to the growth of devotional literature in Germany
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