1,721,005 research outputs found
From the Phase-0 DAQ upgrade of entire ATLAS Pixel Detector towards the Phase-2 electronics upgrade
No full textThe ATLAS Experiment has upgraded some off-detector readout chains during the 2013-2015 LHC shut down and an additional barrel layer has been inserted as part of the Pixel Detector: the Insertable B-Layer (IBL). The Layers 2 and 1 of the ATLAS Pixel Detector have also been upgraded, using the same Back Of Crate (BOC) and ReadOut-Driver (ROD) cards designed for IBL, while maintaining the front-end sensors unchanged. The same IBL BOC and ROD card configuration has been used for the upgrade of the B-Layer and Disks. The entire upgrade of the ATLAS Pixel Detector readout is now finished, after the technical stop in 2018. In parallel with the commissioning of the above Phase-0 upgrade of the current ATLAS Pixel Detector we have designed and fabricated a new readout electronic board, PCIe based, to address the requirements of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Phase-2 upgrade. This new board features many of the input-output interfaces to address the requirements of the front-end electronics being developed for the future upgrade, in particular to interface with the future pixel detectors and with FELIX readout cards. Preliminary results and tests are presented here
A multi-channel PCI express readout board for fast readout of large pixel detectors
No full textRecently the ATLAS Pixel Detector at CERN has been upgraded by inserting an additional layer of pixels, the Insertable B-Layer (IBL). In addition, the off-detector readout electronics of the other layers that composed the Pixel Detector (the B-Layer, the Layer 1, the Layer 2 and the Disks) were updated using the IBL readout boards. The system has been updated, one layer at a time, giving priority to the next critical layer as the luminosity and level-1 trigger frequency increased. Hence, after IBL, the first critical layer was the Layer 2, then the Layer 1 and finally the B-Layer and the Disks. Eventually, after the technical stop in 2018 the entire ATLAS Pixel Detector will share the same off-detector readout electronics.
In parallel with the commissioning of the upgrade of the current ATLAS Pixel Detector we have designed and fabricated a new readout electronic board to address the requirements of the LHC Phase-2 upgrade. Two batches of prototypes of a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) Gen. 2 boards have been designed and fabricated, the second being a patched version of the first. The first batch was composed of two boards, called Pixel ReadOut Driver (Pixel_ROD) and the second batch was made of five cards called PI-LUP. All the boards feature many of the input–output ports and interfaces to address the requirements of the future front-end electronics being developed for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Phase-2 upgrade. Thus, the current VERSABUS Module Eurocard (VME) bus will be replaced with the PCIe bus to accommodate the huge increase of throughput (data to be transferred to the DAQ). In this new scenario, the GigaBit Transceiver (GBT) and Aurora protocols are compatible with our boards and the GBTx and RD53A chips will be the first components to be interfaced with. Some laboratory results and measurements are presented here
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
ATLAS Pixel Detector ROD card from IBL towards Layers 2 and 1
No full textThe incoming and future upgrades of LHC will require better performance by the data acquisition system, especially in terms of throughput due to the higher luminosity that is expected. For this reason, during the first shutdown of the LHC collider in 2013/14, the ATLAS Pixel Detector has been equipped with a fourth layer— the Insertable B-Layer or IBL—located at a radius smaller than the present three layers. To read out the new layer of pixels, with a smaller pixel size with respect to the other outer layers, a front end ASIC (FE-I4) was designed as well as a new off-detector read-out chain. The latter, accordingly to the structure of the other layers of pixels, is composed mainly of two 9U-VME read-out off-detector cards called the Back-Of-Crate (BOC) and Read-Out Driver (ROD). The ROD is used for data and event formatting and for configuration and control of the overall read-out electronics. After some prototyping samples were completed, a pre-production batch of 5 ROD cards was delivered with the final layout. Another production of 15 ROD cards was done in Fall 2013, and commissioning was completed in 2014. Altogether 14 cards are necessary for the 14 staves of the IBL detector, one additional card is required by the Diamond Beam Monitor (DBM), and additional spare ROD cards were produced for a total initial batch of 20 boards. This paper describes some integration tests that were performed and our plan to install the new DAQ chain for the layer 2, which is the outermost, and layer 1, which is external to the B-layer. This latter is the only layer that will not be upgraded to a higher readout speed. Rather, it will be switched off in the near future as it has too many damaged sensors that were not possible to rework. To do that, slices of the IBL read-out chain have been instrumented, and ROD performance is verified on a test bench mimicking a small-sized final setup. Thus, this contribution reports also how the adoption of the IBL ROD for ATLAS Pixel Detector Layer 2 was developed, with the production of other 40 boards completed and tested in 2015, and how the same approach will be used for the production of the last 45 ROD boards for the Layer 1. This latter fabrication has started on Fall 2015
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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